Sahabbai (ra) suna yin ijtihadi a zamanin Manzon Allah (saw), kuma suna sabawa juna wajen fitar da hukunce-hukunce, kuma Manzon Allah (saw) ya karɓi hakan. Ana iya ganin wannan a cikin abubuwan da suka faru kamar haka:

The Sahabah (ra) used to make Ijtihad in the time of the Messenger of Allah (saw) and differ in their deduction of Ahkams and the Messenger (saw) accepted this. This can be seen in the following incidents:

1) Bukhari ya ruwaito daga Aisha cewa a lokacin da Annabi ﷺ ya dawo daga yakin Khandaq (rami), ya ajiye makamansa kuma ya yi wanka. Sai Jibrilu ya zo ya ce: "Ka ajiye makamanka? Ta Allah, mu mala'iku ba mu ajiye nasu ba tukuna. Don haka ka tafi zuwa gare su." Manzon Allah ﷺ ya tambaya: "Ina zan je?" Sai Jibrilu ya nuna zuwa ga Banu Quraiza. Annabi ﷺ ya umarci mai kira zuwa sallah ya yi kira, sai ya sanar wa mutane:

1) Bukhari narrated from Aisha that when the Prophet (saw) returned from the battle of Khandaq (ditch) and laid down his arms and took a bath. Jibreel came and said, “You have laid down your arms? By Allah, we angels have not laid them down yet. So set out for them.” The Messenger (saw) asked, “where to go?” so Jibreel pointed towards Banu Qurayzah. The Prophet (saw) instructed the Mu`azzin to give Azan and so he announced to the people:

"Duk wanda ya yi imani da Allah da Ranar Lahira, kada ya yi sallar La'asar sai a Banu Qurai'za." Don haka suka nufi kagarun Banu Qurai'za, sai dai sun sha bambam wajen fahimtar abin da Manzon Allah ﷺ ya ce musu. Wasu sun ɗauki ainihin ma'anarsa, don haka ba su yi sallah ba sai da suka isa Banu Qurai'za bayan Magariba. Wasu kuma sun fahimci cewa ana nufin su yi gaggawar zuwa wurin, don haka suka yi sallar La'asar a Madina ko a hanya. Da Manzon Allah ﷺ ya ji labarin haka, ya amince da abin da dukansu suka yi.32

“Whosoever believes in Allah and the Day of judgement he should not pray Asr except in Bani Qurayzah.” So thy headed towards the fortresses of Bani Qurayzah, however they had different understandings of what the Messenger (saw) had said to them. Some took the literal meaning and they did not pray until they reached Bani Qurayzah after Maghrib. And others took it to mean that they should go there quickly, so they prayed Asr in Madinah or on the way. When the Messenger (saw) heard about this he accepted the action of all them.32

2) Maganar Annabi ﷺ lokacin da ya aika Mu'azu a matsayin alkali zuwa Yaman:

2) The saying of the Prophet (saw) when he sent Mu‟adh as Qadi to Yemen:

"Da me za ka yanke hukunci?" Ya ce: Da Littafin Allah. Annabi ﷺ ya ce: To idan ba ka same shi a can ba? Ya ce: Da Sunnar Manzon Allah ﷺ. Ya ce: To idan ba ka same shi ba? Ya ce: "Zan yi ijtihadi da ra'ayina." Sai ya ce ﷺ:

“By what will you pass judgement?‟ He said: By the Book of Allah. The Prophet (saw) said: If you do not find it there? He said: By the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah (saw). He said: And if you do not find it? He said: 'I will exercise my own Ijtihad‟. He (saw) said:

Godiya ta tabbata ga Allah wanda ya sa manzon Manzon Allah ya dace da abin da Allah da Manzonsa suke so.33

“Praise be to Allah who has made the messenger of the Messenger of Allah to accord with what Allah and His Messenger loves.”33

3) Hadîsin Manzon Allah ﷺ:

3) The Hadith of the Messenger (saw):

"Idan alƙali ya yanke hukunci, ya kuma yi ijtihadi, sannan ya yi daidai, zai sami lada biyu. Idan kuma ya yi kuskure, zai sami lada ɗaya."34

“If a judge passes judgment and makes Ijtihad and he is right then he will have two rewards. And if he makes a mistake he will have one.”34

4) Manzon Allah ﷺ ya sanya Sa'd b. Mu'adh ya yi hukunci a kan Banu Kuraiza, sai ya yanke hukuncin cewa a kashe su, a kuma kama 'ya'yansu a matsayin fursunoni. Manzon Allah ﷺ ya ce:

4) The Messenger of Allah (saw) made Sa‟d b. Mu‟adh to judge over Bani Qurayzah so he gave the judgment that they should be killed and their offspring to be taken prisoners. The Messenger (saw) said:

"Ka yanke hukunci wanda yake daga sama bakwai."35

“You have given a judgment that is from above the seven heavens.”35

Daga waɗannan misalai za mu ga cewa Sahabbai suna yin ijtihadi a zamanin Manzon Allah ﷺ, kuma yana karɓar ijtihadinsu, yana kuma gaya musu cewa wanda ya yi daidai zai sami lada biyu, wanda kuma ya yi kuskure zai sami lada ɗaya.

From these examples we can see that the Sahabah used to make Ijtihad in the time of the Messenger (saw) and that he used to accept their Ijtihads and tell them that the one who got it right will get two rewards while the one who got it wrong will get one.