Kumuua Binadamu
Killing A Human Being
Mwenyezi Mungu, Mtukufu, anasema: {Na atakayemuua muumini kwa kukusudia, malipo yake ni Jahannamu, atadumu humo milele; na Mwenyezi Mungu amemghadhibikia na kumlaani, na amemwandalia adhabu kubwa.} (An-Nisa: 93)
Allah, the Almighty, says, {If a man kills a believer intentionally, his recompense is Hell, to abide therein (for ever); and the wrath and curse of Allah are upon him, and a dreadful chastisement is prepared for him.} (An-Nisa:93)
{Wale ambao hawamwombi mungu mwingine pamoja na Allah, wala hawaui nafsi ambayo Allah ameiharamisha, isipokuwa kwa haki, wala hawazini; na anayefanya hayo atapata adhabu.} (Al-Furqan:68)
{Those who invoke not, with Allah, any other god, nor slay such life as Allah has made sacred, except for just cause, nor commit fornication,' and any that does this (not only) meets punishment.} (Al-Furqan:68)
{Kwa sababu hiyo: Tuliwaamuru Wana wa Israili kwamba mtu yeyote atakayemuua mtu – isipokuwa kwa kosa la mauaji au kwa kueneza ufisadi katika ardhi – basi ni kana kwamba amewaua watu wote.} (Al-Ma'ida:32)
{On that account: We ordained for the children of Israel that if anyone slew a person -unless it be for murder 'or for spreading mischief in the land -it would be as if he slew the whole people.} (AI- Ma'ida:32)
{Itakapoulizwa mtoto wa kike aliyezikwa akiwa hai, kwa kosa gani aliuawa.} (Al-Takwir: 8-9)
{When the female (infant), buried alive, is questioned -for what crime she killed.} (Al- Takwir: 8-9)
Mtume ﷺ alisema: "Epukeni mambo saba yanayoangamiza." Akataja pia kuua nafsi ambayo Allah ameifanya kuwa takatifu, isipokuwa kwa haki.
The Prophet (pbuh) said, "Avoid the seven heinous sins." And he mentioned taking one's life which Allah has made sacred except in the course of justice.
Imepokewa kwamba mtu mmoja alimuuliza Nabii ﷺ, "Ni dhambi ipi iliyo kubwa zaidi mbele ya Allah?" Nabii ﷺ akajibu, "Kumfanyia Allah mshirika na hali Yeye ndiye aliyekuumba." Yule mtu akauliza, "Kisha ni ipi nyingine?" Nabii ﷺ akasema, "Kumuua mtoto wako kwa hofu kwamba atakula pamoja nawe." Yule mtu akauliza, "Kisha ni ipi nyingine?" Akasema, "Kuzini na mke wa jirani yako."
It was related that someone asked the Prophet (pbuh), "What is the most heinous sin in the sight of Allah?" The Prophet replied, "To hold that Allah has an equal whereas He has created you." .The man asked, "What else?" The Prophet said, "To kill your child lest he feeds with you." The man asked, "What else?" He said, "To commit adultery with your neighbor's wife.” 1
Kwa hiyo, Allah, Mwenye Nguvu na Utukufu, aliteremsha: {Wale wasiomwomba pamoja na Allah mungu mwingine yeyote, wala wasiua nafsi ambayo Allah ameiharamisha, isipokuwa kwa haki, wala wasizini; na yeyote atakayefanya hayo (sio tu) atakutana na adhabu.} (Al-Furqan:68)
Therefore, Allah, the Almighty, revealed, {Those who invoke not, with Allah, any other god, nor slay such life as Allah has made sacred, except for just cause, nor commit fornication,. and any that does this (not only) meets punishment.} (Al-Furqan:68)
Imepokewa kuwa Mtume wa Allah ﷺ alisema: "Wakutanapo Waislamu wawili kwa panga zilizochomolewa, muuaji na aliyeuawa wote wako Motoni." Ikasemwa: "0
It was related that the Messenger of Allah said, "When two Muslims meet with drawn sword, both the slayer and the slain are in the Hell." It was said, "0
"Mtume wa Allah ﷺ", huyo ni kwa ajili ya muuaji. Lakini vipi kuhusu aliyeuawa?" Akajibu, "Kwa sababu nia yake ilikuwa kumuua mwenzake."2
Messenger of Allah, that is for the slayer. But why the slain?" He replied, "Because his intention was to kill the other.”2
Abu Suliman Al-Khitabi alisema, "Adhabu kama hiyo haitumiki katika vita vya kisheria na vyenye haki."
Abu Suliman Al-Khitabi commented, "Such punishment does not apply to a legal and justifiable combat.
Wanaingia katika makazi haya ikiwa watapigana wao kwa wao kwa sababu ya uadui, ushabiki, kupata faida fulani ya kidunia au cheo cha uongozi. Hivyo basi, katika nguzo hii yumo yule anayepigana dhidi ya Muislamu mchokozi ikiwa anafuata kanuni za vita, pamoja na yule anayejilinda bila kukusudia kumuua mpinzani.
They entail this abode if they fight one another out of enmity, fanaticism, to acquire some worldly benefit or a position of leadership. Thus, out of this pole is the one who fights against an aggressive Muslim if he follows the rules of fighting and the one who defends himself without intending to kill the opponent.
Yeyote anayepigana dhidi ya Muislamu mchokozi au mnyang'anyi wa barabarani, hapaswi kutafuta kumuua. Badala yake, aseme kumzuia kwa kadiri awezavyo. Wakiacha, na sisi tuache. Mtume ﷺ alisema: "Msirudi kuwa makafiri baada ya mimi kutokuwepo (miongoni mwenu) na kuanza kuuana na kumwagiana damu miongoni mwenu wenyewe."
Whoever fights against an aggressive Muslim or a highway robber, should not seek to kill them. Rather he should try to deter him as much as he can. When they refrain we should refrain. The Prophet (pbuh) said, "You should not turn an unbeliever when I am no more (among you) and start killing and shedding blood among yourselves.” 1
Mtume ﷺ alisema: "Jambo la kwanza kati ya watu litakalohukumiwa Siku ya Kiyama ni madai ya damu."
The Prophet (pbuh) said, "The first thing among human beings to be adjudicated on the Day of Judgment, will be the blood claim.” 2
"Kuua maisha ya muumini ni jambo kubwa zaidi mbele ya Allah kuliko kuangamia kwa dunia hii." 3
"Taking a believer's life is more grievous in Allah's sight than the perishing of this world.” 3
Dhambi kubwa ni kumshirikisha Allah na kitu kingine katika ibada, kuwakosea heshima wazazi, kumuua mtu, na kuvunja kiapo.4
"The major sins are worshipping others with Allah, showing disrespect to parents, killing a human being, and the breaking one's oath.”4
Inaitwa "al-ghamus" kwa sababu inamzamisha mwenye kuapa motoni.
It is termed engulfing because it overwhelms its swearer in the Fire.
"Kwa mauaji yote yanayofanyika duniani bila sababu yoyote ya haki, mwana wa Nabii Adam, Qabil, atapata sehemu ya adhabu, kwa sababu yeye ndiye aliyeanzisha njia ya kuua kwa kumuua ndugu yake Habil."5
"For all the murders committed in this world without any justification, prophet Adam's son, Qabil will get a share of punishment, because it was he who inaugurated the method of killing by murdering his brother Habil.”5
Ikiwa hii ni makazi ya yule anayemuua mtu aliye na ahadi, basi vipi kuhusu kumuua Muislamu?
If this is the abode of he who kills a covenant man then what about killing a Muslim?
Mtume ﷺ alisema: "Yeyote atakayemuua mmoja wa watu wa ahadi (dhimmi) hatapata harufu ya Peponi, ambayo inaweza kunusiwa kutoka umbali wa miaka arobaini."6
The Prophet (pbuh) said, "Whoever killed anyone of the people of the covenant will never get the aroma of paradise which can be smelt from forty years away.”6
"Yeyote anayesaidia katika kumuua Mwislamu hata kwa sehemu tu ya neno, atamkutania Allah akiwa na maandishi yanayosomeka "Amekata tamaa na Rehma ya Allah" kwenye paji la uso wake."7
"Whoever helps in killing a Muslim even by just a part of a word, he will meet Allah with the written phrase on his forehead "Despondent of Allah's Mercy.”7
"Kila dhambi inaweza kusamehewa na Allah isipokuwa mtu anayekufa akiwa kafiri au mtu anayemuua muumini kwa makusudi." 8
"Every sin might be forgiven by Allah except for a man dying an unbeliever or a man killing a believer deliberately.” 8
1 Imepokewa na Bukhari, Muslim, Tirmidhi na An-Nasa'i.
1 Reported by Bukhari, Muslim, Tirmidhi and An- Nasa'i.
2 Imepokewa na Bukhari, Muslim, Abu Dawud, An-Nisa'i, Ibn Majah na Ibn Hibban.
2 Reported by Bukhari, Muslim, Abu Dawud, An-Nisa'i, Ibn Majah and Ibn Hibban.
Imepokewa hapo awali.
1 Reported before.
2 Imepokewa na Bukhari na Muslim.
2 Reported by Bukhari and Muslim.
3 Imepokewa na Bukhari na Muslim.
3 Reported by Bukhari and Muslim.
4 Imepokewa na Bukhari na Muslim.
4 Reported by Bukhari and Muslim.
Imepokewa na Bukhari na Muslim.
5 Reported by Bukhari and Muslim.
6 Imepokewa na Bukhari.
6 Reported by Bukhari.
7 Imepokewa na Ibn Majah. Ni Hadith dhaifu.
7 Reported by Ibn Majah. It is a weak Hadith.
8 Imepokewa na Abu Dawud.
8 Reported by Abu Dawud.