Ko‘plab tashkilotlar kambag‘allikning umumiy sabablarini o‘rgandi, ular resurslarning yetishmasligidan tortib mahalliy iqlim xususiyatlari va demokratiyaning yo‘qligigacha bo‘lgan omillarni o‘z ichiga oladi. Sotsiologlar va tahlil markazlari sabablar haqida umumiy fikrga kelmagan. Shunga qaramay, keng tarqalgan qarash shundan iboratki, bu muammoning yagona yechimi erkin bozorli kapitalizmni tarqatishdir. Nafaqat musulmon dunyosiga, balki umuman uchinchi dunyo mamlakatlariga yuzaki nazar tashlasak, bugungi dunyodagi kambag‘allikka oziq-ovqat yetishmovchiligidan ko‘ra, bir qator omillar katta hissa qo‘shganini ko‘rish mumkin.

Numerous organisations have researched into the general causes of poverty which range from the lack of resources to the nature of the local climate to the lack of democracy. There is generally no consensus on the causes by sociologists and think tanks. However, a dominant idea that exists is that only the diffusion of capitalism with its free markets is the cure. A cursory glance at not just the Muslim world but the third world in general shows a handful of factors have played a large part in contributing to the poverty in the world today rather than the shortage of food.

XVF va Jahon banki hamda ularning mashhur tarkibiy islohot siyosatlari Pokiston, Turkiya, Indoneziya, Bangladesh va Misr kabi mamlakatlarda ayrim asosiy iqtisodiy muammolarning kelib chiqishiga bevosita yordam berdi. Bunday institutlar taklif qiladigan umumiy yechim qashshoqlikdan savdo orqali chiqish edi. Ularni don zaxiralarini kamaytirish va bekor qilish, Yevropa va AQShdan keladigan oziq-ovqatga bojlarni olib tashlash hamda o'g'it va boshqa qishloq xo'jaligi kirimlariga subsidiyalarni bekor qilish kabi siyosatlarni amalga oshirishga majbur qilishdi. Bu aslida shuni anglatadiki, kambag'al mamlakatlardan import qilishga ruxsat berish o'rniga G'arb mollari import qilinishi kerak. Nazariya shundan iboratki, faqat savdo orqali millatlar qashshoqlikdan o'z-o'zini qutqarishi mumkin. Shu sababli xususiy sektorning kattaroq roliga ega bo'lgan bozor iqtisodiyotini rivojlantirish iqtisodiy o'sishni rag'batlantirish va qashshoqlikni bartaraf etishning kaliti deb qaraldi.

The role of IMF and World Bank and their notorious structural adjustment policies in countries such as Pakistan, Turkey, Indonesia, Bangladesh and Egypt have directly aided some of the underlying economic problems. The general solution provided by such institutions is one of trading their way out of poverty. They were forced to implement policies such as reducing and eliminating grain reserves, eliminating tariffs on food coming from Europe and the US and removing subsidies for fertilizer and other agricultural inputs. What this actually means is that Western goods should be imported rather than allow imports from poorer countries. The theory is that only via trade will nations pull themselves out of poverty. The development of a market economy with a greater role for the private sector was therefore seen as the key to stimulating economic growth and removing poverty.

Masalan, Pokiston xalqaro miqyosda raqobatlashishdan oldin sog'liqni saqlash, ta'lim va infratuzilmaga zarur investitsiyalarga muhtoj edi. Jahon banki va XVF esa Pokistondan ushbu sohalarga davlat yordamini kamaytirishni va eksportga e'tibor qaratishni talab qildi. Ular Pokistonni xalqaro xususiy sektorning kuchi bilan raqobatlasha olmaydigan bozorlarga majbur qilib kiritishni talab qilishdi. Bunday siyosat muqarrar ravishda Pokistonning iqtisodiy rivojlanishiga putur yetkazdi.

As an example, Pakistan actually required essential investment in health, education and infrastructure before they could compete internationally. The World Bank and IMF instead required Pakistan to reduce state support to these sectors and concentrate on exports. They insisted on pushing Pakistan into markets where they were unable to compete with the might of the international private sector. Such policies inevitably undermined the economic development of Pakistan.

Uchinchi dunyoni qashshoqlikka mahkum etgan yana bir omil qarzdir. Afrikadan mustamlakachilik davrining merosi sifatida qarzlarini to‘lash talab qilinmoqda. Afrikaning qarzi qisman mustamlakachi davlatlarning qarzlarini ularga adolatsiz ravishda, o‘nlab milliard dollar miqdorida va juda yuqori foiz stavkalarida o‘tkazilishidan kelib chiqqan. Shuningdek, u “nohaq qarz” (odious debt) dan kelib chiqadi: boy mamlakatlar pulning isrof bo‘lishi ma’lum bo‘lgan holda diktatorlar va korrupsioner rahbarlarga mablag‘ berganda qarz vujudga kelgan. Masalan, Janubiy Afrika “apartheid tufayli yuzaga kelgan qarz”ni 28 milliard dollar miqdorida meros qilib olgan (hozir u 46 milliard dollarga yetgan). Apartheiddan keyingi Afrika apartheid rejimi tomonidan olingan qarzlarni to‘lashga majbur bo‘ldi, shunday qilib, aslida Janubiy Afrika aholisi o‘z zulmi uchun o‘zlari to‘lamoqda. 1998-yilda ACTSA (Janubiy Afrika uchun harakat) Janubiy Afrikaning apartheidni saqlab qolish uchun 11 milliard dollar (hozir 18 milliard dollar) qarz olganini, qo‘shni davlatlar esa apartheid tufayli 17 milliard dollar (hozir 28 milliard dollar) qarz olganini taxmin qildi. Shunday qilib, destabilizatsiya va agressiya Afrikaning qarzlarining 74 foizini tashkil etadi. Mustamlakachilik uchinchi dunyo qashshoqligida katta rol o‘ynadi. Mustamlakachilik G‘arbga qaramlikni ta’minladi, bu esa keng ko‘lamli mineral resurslar mavjud bo‘lgan dunyo hududlarida G‘arbning doimiy mavjudligi va aralashuviga imkon berdi. Bugungi kunda ham Afrika mustamlakachilik davrida boshlangan G‘arb aralashuvi og‘irligini tortmoqda va mahalliy aholi hech qachon sotib ola olmaydigan tovarlarga e’tibor qaratishga majbur bo‘lmoqda.

Another factor which has handcuffed the third world in poverty is debt. Africa is being asked to repay its legacy of the colonial era. Africa’s debt is partly the result of the unjust transfer to them of the debts of the colonizing states, in billions of dollars, at very high interest rates. It also originates from ‘odious debt’, whereby debt was incurred as rich countries loaned funds to dictators and corrupt leaders when it was known that the money would be wasted. South Africa, for example inherited “apartheid-caused debt” at $28 billion (which is now $46 billion). Post Apartheid Africa was forced to repay debts incurred by the apartheid regime so, in effect, South Africans are paying for their own oppression. In 1998 ACTSA (Action for Southern Africa) estimated that South Africa borrowed $11 billion (now $18 billion) to maintain apartheid, and neighbouring states borrowed $17 billion (now $28 billion) because of apartheid. Therefore, destabilisation and aggression now represents 74% of African owed debt. Colonialism has played a large part in the poverty of the third world. Colonialism has ensured dependency on the West, which allowed the continued presence and interference in parts of the world where extensive mineral resources exist. Africa today still labours from Western interference which began in the colonial era and has been forced to concentrate on commodities which the native populations would never be able to purchase.