Dubay musulmon dunyosi uchun iqtisodiy rivojlanishning yangi modeli va iqtisodiy muvaffaqiyat timsoli sifatida e'lon qilingan. 46 milliard dollarlik iqtisodiyotga ega Dubay qisqa vaqt ichida innovatsion ko'chmas mulk loyihalari va sport tadbirlari orqali butun dunyo e'tiborini tortdi. Ko'plab iqtisodchilar Dubayning neftdan voz kechib, iqtisodiyotini diversifikatsiya qilgani uni mintaqa uchun yangi iqtisodiy rivojlanish formulasini taqdim etadigan rivojlanish yo'liga olib chiqqanini va bu iqtisodiy rivojlanishga o'ziga xos islomiy yondashuv ekanini ta'kidlashgan.

Dubai has been heralded as an economic success story and a new model for economic development for the Muslim world. Dubai with its $46 billion economy has attracted world-wide attention through innovative real estate projects and sports events in a relatively short period of time. Many economists have emphasized that Dubai’s diversification away from oil has placed it upon a path of development which presents a new formula for economic development for the region and a distinctly Islamic approach to economic development.

Fors Ko'rfazi urushidan keyingi neft daromadlari Dubayni erkin savdo va turizmga e'tibor qaratishga undadi. Jebel Ali erkin zonasining muvaffaqiyati shaharga o'z modelini takrorlab, Dubay Internet City, Dubay Media City va Dubay Maritime City kabi yangi erkin zonalar klasterlarini yaratish imkonini berdi. Dunyodagi eng baland mustaqil mehmonxona bo'lgan Burj al-Arab qurilishi, shuningdek, yangi turar-joy majmualarining yaratilishi Dubayni turizm maqsadida reklama qilish uchun ishlatildi. 2002 yildan beri shaharda Palm orollari, Dunyo orollari va Burj Dubay kabi loyihalar bilan Dubayning osmono'pirini qayta yaratishga yo'naltirilgan xususiy ko'chmas mulk investitsiyalari oshdi. Mohiyatan, Dubayning muvaffaqiyati osmono'par binolar va keng savdo markazlari kabi loyihalarda o'lchandi.

Oil revenues after the Persian Gulf War encouraged Dubai to focus on free trade and tourism. The success of the Jebel Ali free zone allowed the city to replicate its model to develop clusters of new free zones, including Dubai Internet City, Dubai Media City and Dubai Maritime City. The constructions of Burj Al Arab, the world’s tallest freestanding hotel, as well as the creation of new residential developments, were used to market Dubai for purposes of tourism. Since 2002, the city has seen an increase in private real estate investment in recreating Dubai’s skyline with such projects as The Palm Islands, The World Islands and Burj Dubai. In essence the measure of success of Dubai has been on developments such as skyscrapers and vast shopping malls.

Shu sababli, Dubay so'nggi 20 yil ichida ulkan rivojlanishga erishgani bilan musulmon dunyosi orasida noyobdir. Bugun u baland binolar va o'ziga xos qurilishlar orqali ko'plab boylikni namoyon etuvchi zamonaviy shaharga aylangan. Bu shaharga nafaqat islom mamlakatlaridan, balki dunyoning turli burchaklaridan kelgan turli xil odamlar ko'p sonda intilmoqda. Dubay hammaga Sharq ta'mi bilan aralashgan g'arbona turmush tarzini taklif etadi. Mahalliy aholi ozchilikni tashkil etadi: Dubay aholisining 85 foizini chet elliklar tashkil etadi. Ko'pchilik buni muvaffaqiyat hikoyasi deb biladi, chunki Dubay dunyoni o'zining kichik orolig'a jalb qila oldi. Biroq aynan shu ko'rinadigan muvaffaqiyat ortida iqtisodiy rivojlanish haqidagi afsona yashiringan.

Due to this, Dubai is unique amongst the Muslim world in that it has witnessed phenomenal development over the last 20 years. It is today a modern city, with much wealth on display in the form of tall buildings and unique developments. It is a city that not only Muslims from Islamic countries head towards in large numbers, but people of all kinds from all over the world. Dubai offers a western lifestyle with an Eastern flavour for all. The native population is a minority, 85% of Dubai’s population is composed of expatriates. For many this would be considered a success story as Dubai has attracted the world to its tiny island, but in this apparent success lays the myth of economic development.

Dubay neft jihatidan juda boy yerga ega bo‘lib, uning daromadi bir paytlar kichik baliqchilar qishlog‘i bo‘lgan joydan zamonaviy shaharni shakllantirishga imkon berdi. So‘nggi yillarda Dubay iqtisodiyotini turizm va xizmat ko‘rsatish sohalariga yo‘naltirmoqda. Bu esa Dubayni nafaqat Yaqin Sharq, balki butun dunyo miqyosida turizm markaziga aylantirdi. Shuningdek, u London va Nyu-York bilan raqobatlasha oladigan moliya markaziga aylanishga intilmoqda.

Dubai has been blessed with a vast amount of oil, the revenues of which have allowed a modern city to develop out of a once small fishing village. In recent years Dubai has also taken to orienting its economy towards the tourism and service sectors. This has led to Dubai becoming a hub of tourism in not only the Middle East but the world. It is also aspiring to become a financial centre to rival the likes of London and New York.

Muammo shundaki, Dubay boshqalar ergashishi kerak bo‘lgan namuna emas, balki rivojlanishning o‘ziga xos holati. U shunday rivojlanganki, aslida iqtisodiy pufakda mavjud.

The problem with Dubai is that it’s not a model for others to follow, but a unique case of development. It has developed in such a manner that it is in fact existing in an economic bubble.

Dubayning o‘sishiga asosiy turtki uning neft boyligi bo‘lib kelgan, unga xorijiy ishchilar boshqaradigan kompaniyalar ham qo‘shilgan. Uning savdo markazi sifatida tutgan o‘rni ham unga boylik keltirgan. Bunda muammo shundaki, neft cheksiz emas va u allaqachon tugab bormoqda. Xizmat ko‘rsatish sohasini rivojlantirishga yordam berayotgan malakali ishchilarning ko‘pchiligi chet eldan kelgan, Dubay aholisining juda oz qismi esa hozir mahalliy arablar hisoblanadi.

The driving force behind Dubai’s growth has been largely its oil wealth, followed by companies that are run by foreign workers. Its position as a trading hub has also brought it wealth. The problem with this is that the oil is not unlimited, and is already running out. The skilled workers that are helping to develop the service sector are mostly from overseas, with only a tiny part of Dubai’s population now considered to be native Arabs.

Ushbu omillar Dubay haqiqiy iqtisodiy taraqqiyot namunasi emasligini ko'rsatadi. U cheklangan tabiiy resurslardan shunchaki foydalanib kelgan va iqtisodiyotini harakatga keltirish uchun chet eldan kam malaka va bilimga ega iste'dodlarni olib kelgan, bunda bilim va ko'nikmalarni uzatishga deyarli e'tibor berilmagan. Bunga qo'shimcha ravishda, Dubay shahar aholisi sotib oladigan hech qanday ishlab chiqarilgan mahsulotni ishlab chiqarmaydi. U o'zi iste'mol qiladigan mahsulotlarni ishlab chiqarish uchun zarur infratuzilma yoki tabiiy resurslarga ega bo'lmagani sababli, o'z-o'zini ta'minlay olmaydigan davlatdir.

These factors show why Dubai is not an example of true economic development. It has merely exploited limited natural resources and has been importing talent from abroad with little skills and knowledge transfer to drive its economy. This is coupled with the fact that Dubai does not produce any manufactured products that the people in the city buy. It is a nation that is not self-sufficient, as it does not have the infrastructure or natural resources in place to develop the products it consumes.

Uning o‘sishi, asosan, chet el fuqarolari va kompaniyalari uchun amalda soliqsiz hududga aylangani natijasidir. Bu kompaniyalar mamlakat aholisiga ish o‘rinlari va daromad berayotgan bo‘lsa-da, odamlarga texnik ko‘nikmalarni o‘rgatmayapti. Uning ko‘chmas mulk narxlari asosan narxlar yanada oshadi degan taxmin va mulkni keyinchalik sotib foyda olish mumkinligi haqidagi spekulyatsiya tufayli ko‘tarilmoqda.

Its growth has been a direct result of it becoming an essentially tax free zone for foreign nationals and companies. These companies, whilst providing jobs and income to people in the country, are not transferring any technical skills to the people. Its real estate prices are rising in large part due to speculation that the prices will continue to rise, and a profit can be made from selling the property on.

Dubai has modelled itself as a service-based economy in which the government provides all the necessary services, such as infrastructure, communications, serviced apartments, parks, retail outlets and tourism, for the world's companies to operate from. The problem with this type of development is that companies do not necessarily need to operate from only one location; they can move around if needed, and any instability will usually lead them to do so. Such a development makes the nation reliant on foreigners continually wanting to work from Dubai. With the Middle East being the most unstable region in the world and the prospect of war, this could lead to the departure of such companies at any time.

Dubai has modelled itself as a service based economy where the government will provide all the necessary services such as infrastructure, communications, flash apartments, parks, retail outlets and tourism for the worlds companies to operate from. The problem with this type of development is companies do not necessarily need to operate from only one location, they can move around if needed and any instability will usually lead to this. Such a development makes the nation reliant on foreigners to continually want to work from Dubai. With the Middle East being the most unstable region in the world and prospects of war this could lead to a departure of such companies at any time.

Bu sabablar Dubay cho‘l qumidagi serob (xayoliy manzara)dan boshqa narsa emasligini ko‘rsatadi. Uning o‘sishi va omon qolishi chet el kompaniyalari va mutaxassislarining iste’dodi hamda tajribasiga bog‘liq. Kelajagini ta’minlash uchun u faqat bank ishi va moliya kabi ixtisoslashgan xizmatlarni hamda turizmni taklif qila oladi. Ushbu sohalar xorijliklarning xayrixohligi va ishonchiga katta darajada tayanganligi sababli, agar bu kuchlar chiqib ketishga qaror qilsa, Dubay iqtisodiy inqiroz xavfi ostida qoladi. Buning turli sabablari bo‘lishi mumkin. Mintaqaviy urush Dubayni ishchilar uchun xavfli joyga aylantirishi, savdo yo‘llari ham uzilib qolishi mumkin. Uy-joy narxlari tushib ketadi, hozirda shaharga oqib kelayotgan ko‘chmas mulk sarmoyalari esa shahardan tezda chiqib ketadi.

These reasons show why Dubai is nothing more than a mirage in the desert. Its growth and survival are dependent upon the talent and expertise of foreign entities. It can only offer specialist services such as banking and finance as a means to guarantee its future, along with tourism. As these sectors rely heavily on the goodwill and confidence of foreigners, Dubai is vulnerable to economic collapse if ever these powers decide to pull out. This could be caused for a variety of reasons. A regional war could render Dubai an unsafe place for workers, with trade routes also being cut off. Housing prices would collapse and money that is currently pouring into real estate would rush out of the city.

Garchi bu holat ekstremal ko'rinsa-da, Yaqin Sharq siyosiy haqiqatini hisobga olsak, u kutilmagan emas. Bu farovonlik davom etar ekan, uning narxi ham bor: iqtisodiyotni harakatga keltirish uchun g'arbiy ishchi kuchini jalb qilish maqsadida spirtli ichimliklar va boshqa illatlarga ruxsat berilishi natijasida islomiy qadriyatlar suyultirilmoqda.

Though this may appear an extreme scenario, it is not an unlikely one given the political reality of the Middle East. Even while this prosperity continues, it comes at a cost in the dilution of Islamic values since alcohol and other vices are permitted in order to attract a western workforce to drive the economy.

Dubayga taqlid qilishga intilayotgan har bir kishi uchun cheklov shundaki, mintaqada turizm va moliya markazi faqat bitta bo'lishi mumkin. Ta'rifga ko'ra, bir joyda ikkita markaz bo'lishi mumkin emas. Ikkita mintaqaviy aviakompaniya misoli bu fikrni tushuntirish uchun yetarli. "Emirates" Dubaydan parvoz qiladigan aviakompaniya, "Etihad" esa Abu-Dabidan parvoz qiladi. "Emirates" o'zini brend sifatida tanitishga muvaffaq bo'lgan va mintaqaga sayohat qilayotgan odamlar orasida mashhur. "Etihad" esa, aksincha, qiynalmoqda, chunki bir-biriga bunchalik yaqin joylashgan ikkita aviakompaniyaning ikkalasini ham "Emirates" kabi mashhur qilish uchun yo'lovchi oqimi yetarli emas.

The limitation upon anyone trying to emulate Dubai is that there can only be one hub of tourism and finance in the region. By definition, there cannot be two hubs in one place. The example of two regional airlines is sufficient to explain this point. Emirates are an airline that runs out of Dubai, whilst Etihad runs from Abu Dhabi. Emirates have managed to establish itself as a brand and are popular with people travelling to the region. Etihad on the other hand struggles, as there simply is not enough traffic to make two airlines so close to each both as popular as Emirates.

Post-industrial dunyoda katta xizmat ko'rsatish sektori 21-asr iqtisodiyoti uchun zaruriy shart hisoblanadi: AQSh va Buyuk Britaniyaning xizmat sektorlari iqtisodiyotning 70 foizdan ortig'ini tashkil etadi. Biroq Dubay, shuningdek, musulmon dunyosi hech qachon sanoatlashtirish bosqichidan o'tmagan, shuning uchun xizmatga asoslangan iqtisodiyotga aylanish barqaror model emas va G'arb dunyosining mustaqil iqtisodiyotga erishish yo'li bilan to'liq ziddir. G'arb bugun ishlab chiqarish bazasi, katta harbiy kuchlar va davlat tomonidan moliyalashtiriladigan qishloq xo'jaligi sektoriga ega. Kreditlar inqirozi kabi, Dubay modeli portlashni kutayotgan shishib borayotgan pufakdir.

In a post-industrial world having a large service sector is considered a prerequisite for the 21st century economy, both the US and the UK have service sectors that make-up more then 70% of the economy. However, Dubai as well as the Muslim world never went through industrialisation, thus becoming service based economies is not a sustainable model and is in complete contradiction to the path the Western world took to become independent economies, which today have a manufacturing base, large militaries and state funded agricultural sectors. Like the credit crunch the Dubai model is an inflating bubble waiting to burst.