"A lokacin Halifofi, malamai na Kiristoci da Yahudawa ba kawai ana girmama su sosai ba, har ma ana nada su zuwa mukamai masu girman nauyi, kuma ana daukaka su zuwa manyan mukamai a gwamnati....Shi (Halifa Haroon Rasheed) bai taba duba kasar da malamin ya fito ba, ko addininsa da imaninsa, sai dai kawai kwarewarsa a fagen ilimi." -- Dr. William Draper Nadin Cardinal Ratzinger a matsayin Paparoma Benedict XVI ya kawo gaba wasu batutuwa masu yawa, wadanda ke barazanar raunana papacinsa. Mafi muhimmanci daga cikinsu shi ne kalubalen Musulunci da kuma sakularizaxin Kiristoci a Turai.

“During the period of the Caliphs the learned men of the Christians and the Jews were not only held in great esteem but were appointed to posts of great responsibility, and were promoted to the high ranking job in the government....He (Caliph Haroon Rasheed) never considered to which country a learned person belonged nor his faith and belief, but only his excellence in the field of learning.” -- Dr. William Draper he inauguration of Cardinal Ratzinger as Pope Benedict XVI has brought to the fore a host of issues, which threaten to undermine his papacy. Chief among them is the challenge from Islam and the secularization of Christians in Europe.

Vatikan ba ya da matsaya guda ɗaya game da yadda zai magance addinin Musulunci.

The Vatican is somewhat divided on how to tackle Islam.

Wasu cardinal-cardinal suna goyon bayan yin hulda da Musulmai masu matsakaicin ra'ayi da kuma rage tsananin matsayin Vatican game da Musulunci. "Shugaban Ikklesiya na gaba zai buƙaci wanda zai iya tattaunawa da addinai daban-daban na duniya, musamman Musulunci… Musulunci yana ta bunƙasa, kuma Kiristanci, aƙalla a ƙasashen da suka ci gaba, yana raguwa," in ji Rev. Keith F. Pecklers, farfesan tauhidi na Jesuit a Jami'ar Pontifical Gregorian. Wannan matsaya tana tuna da wadda Paparoma John Paul II ya bayyana, wanda a shekarar 1986 ya zama Paparoma na farko da ya ziyarci ƙasar Musulunci.

Some cardinals are in the favour of reaching out to moderate Muslims and tapering the Vatican’ s attitudes towards Islam. “The next pope will need to be someone capable of dialoguing with the different religions of the world, and particularly Islam… Islam is on the rise, and Christianity, at least in the developed world, is in decline”, said the Rev. Keith F. Pecklers, a Jesuit professor of theology at the Pontifical Gregorian University. This approach is reminiscent of the one articulated by Pope John Paul II who in 1986 became the first pope to visit a Muslim country.

Lokacin ziyararsa zuwa Morocco ya ce, "Mu muna imani da Ubangiji guda, wanda shi kaɗai ne Ubangiji, wanda ya halicci duniya kuma ya kawo halittunta zuwa kamala." Saboda haka aka haifi koyarwar tattaunawar addinai da Musulunci. Tsawon shekaru ashirin masu zuwa, wannan koyarwa ita ce ta tsara dangantaka tsakanin Vatican da duniyar Musulunci.

During the visit to Morocco he said, “We believe in the same God, the one and the only God, who created the world and brought its creatures to perfection.” Hence the doctrine of inter-faith dialogue with Islam was born. For the next twenty years this doctrine defined the relations between the Vatican and the Islamic world.

Wasu cardinal-cardinal sun fi son tsananin matsayi game da Musulunci. John Allen, wakilin Vatican na National Catholic Reporter, yana shakkar cewa akwai abin da ake kira Musulunci mai sassaucin ra'ayi. "Suna [cardinals] tunanin abin da ake buƙata shi ne ƙauna mai tsauri. Mafarkin mafi muni shi ne wata rana mu farka mu ga Ƙasar Tsarki babu Kiristoci a cikinta", in ji Allen. Ra'ayoyin wannan rukuni sun yi daidai da na Paparoma Benedict XVI, wanda ba da daɗewa ba ya yi izgili ga ra'ayin cewa Turkiyya za ta shiga Turai ta Kirista. A watan Agusta da ya wuce, Ratzinger ya ce, "A cikin tarihi, Turkiyya koyaushe tana wakiltar wata nahiya dabam, a sabanin Turai har abada. Mayar da nahiyoyin biyu iri ɗaya kuskure ne." A baya, a watan Nuwamba 2004, Ratzinger ya soki Musulmi saboda siyasantar da Musulunci, kuma ya jaddada cewa Musulmi suna da abubuwa da yawa da za su koya daga Kiristanci.

Other cardinals prefer a much tougher stance towards Islam. John Allen, the Vatican correspondent of the National Catholic Reporter, is sceptical that there is such a thing as moderate Islam. “They [cardinals] think what is needed is tough love. The nightmare scenario is that one day we’ ll wake up and the Holy Land will be empty of Christians”, Allen said. The views expressed by this group appear to be in unison with Pope Benedict XVI, who not so long ago scoffed at the idea of Turkey joining Christian Europe. Last August, Ratzinger said, “In the course of history, Turkey has always represented a different continent, in permanent contrast to Europe. Making the two continents identical would be a mistake.” Back in November 2004, Ratzinger criticized Muslims for politicizing Islam and stressed that Muslims had a great deal to learn from Christianity.

Ratzinger ya ce, "Musulmai ya kamata su koyi daga al'adun Kiristoci muhimmancin 'yancin addini, da rabuwar coci da gwamnati." A zahiri, barazanar da Musulunci ke haifarwa ba wai kawai Vatican ke ƙara girmanta ba ne, har ma tana da ƙanƙanta idan aka kwatanta da tasirin sakularizm a kan Katolikai kusan biliyan ɗaya na duniya. Babbar barazana ita ce sakularizar Katolikan Turai, wadda ta fi ta kowace nahiya girma sosai. Kashi 21 cikin 100 kawai na Turawa ne ke cewa addini yana da "muhimmanci sosai" a gare su, a cewar Binciken Dabi'un Turai (European Values Study), wanda aka gudanar a 1999 da 2000 aka kuma buga shi shekaru biyu da suka wuce. Irin wannan bincike a Amurka da Pew Forum on Religion and Public Life ya yi ya nuna cewa adadin ya kai kusan kashi 60 cikin 100.

Ratzinger said, “Muslims should learn from the Christian culture the importance of religious freedom, and the separation between church and state.” In the real world, the challenges posed by Islam are not only overstated by the Vatican, but are miniscule in comparison to the influence of secularism on the world’ s billion or so Catholics. A far greater threat is the secularization of Catholics in Europe, which is significantly higher than any other continent. Only 21 percent of Europeans say that religion is "very important" to them, according to the European Values Study, conducted in 1999 and 2000 and published two years ago. A similar survey in the United States by the Pew Forum on Religion and Public Life put the number at nearly 60 percent.

Baya ga haka, halartar taron Ikklesiya (Mass) ya ragu sosai a ko'ina a Turai.

Beyond that, Mass attendance has significantly declined throughout Europe.

Daga cikin Katolika, kashi 10 kawai a Netherlands, kashi 12

Among Catholics, only 10 percent in the Netherlands, 12

kashi a Faransa, kashi 15 a Jamus da Ostiriya, kashi 18

percent in France, 15 percent in Germany and Austria, 18

…% a Spain da kashi 25 cikin ɗari a Italiya suna halartar Mass na mako-mako. Saboda haka, ba abin mamaki ba ne a ga wasu Katolika suna nuna damuwa matuƙa game da makomar Kiristanci a Turai mai bin tsarin boko. "Wasu mutane suna duban Turai su ga cewa ta gaji a ruhaniyance, idan ba ta mutu ba," in ji Rev. John Wauck, wanda ke koyarwa a Jami'ar Pontifical ta Holy Cross a Rome.

percent in Spain and 25 percent in Italy attend weekly Mass. Therefore it is not surprising to find some Catholics voicing extreme concerns for the future of Christianity in a secular Europe. “Some people look at Europe and see it spiritually tired, if not dead,” said the Rev. John Wauck, who teaches at the Pontifical University of the Holy Cross in Rome.

Baya ga raguwar yawan Kiristocin Turai, babbar barazanar da Vatican ke fuskanta tana zuwa ne daga bangaren masu tsattsauran ra'ayin boko, wadanda suka dage wajen mayar da koyarwar Katolika gaskiya a matsayin karya. Koyarwar Katolika game da nadin mata firistoci, hana haihuwa, zubar da ciki, auren jinsi daya, reno da ma'auratan jinsi daya suke yi, kashe mai radadi, da kasuwancin Kirsimeti su ne suka fi shan wannan hari. Wauck, yana tsokaci kan wannan yanayi, ya ce kungiyar (Tarayyar Turai) ta bayyana kamar tana "cikin" wata "al'adar boko mai tsanani". Ratzinger ya bayar da irin wannan ra'ayi sa'o'i kafin taron cardinals ya fara zaben sabon Paparoma. Ya ce, "Muna tafiya zuwa mulkin kama-karya na relativism . . . wanda ba ya amince da komai tabbatacce, kuma yana barin son kai da sha'awar mutum a matsayin ma'auni na karshe." Yanzu da aka nada Ratzinger a hukumance a matsayin sabon Paparoma, dole ne ya yanke shawara kan yadda zai fi kare Katolika da dabi'unta. Babban abin da ke damunsa da na cardinals da suka zabe shi shi ne su jawo hankalin wadanda suka guje wa Katolika saboda salon rayuwar agnostic.

Apart from the dwindling Christian population in Europe, the principal threat to the Vatican comes from the direction of secular fundamentalists who are adamant in recasting catholic truths as falsehoods. Catholic teachings regarding the inauguration of women priests, birth control, abortion, gay marriages, adoption by same-sex couples, euthanasia and the commercialization of Christmas bear the brunt of this onslaught. Commenting on this trend, Wauck said that the union (European Union) seems to be “infected” with a “radically secular culture”. Ratzinger delivered similar assessment hours before the conclave got underway to elect the new pope. He said, ”We are moving toward a dictatorship of relativism . . . that recognizes nothing definite and leaves only one’ s own ego and one’ s own desires as the final measure.” Now that Ratzinger has been officially installed as the new Pope he must decide on how best to protect Catholicism and its values. His immediate concern and those of the cardinals who elected him is to win over those who have shunned Catholicism in preference for an agnostic life-style.

Don wannan aiki, Paparoma Benedict XVI ba zai iya haɗa kansa da ikon duniya na boko ko ya dogara da wata cibiyar boko ta duniya don kare addinin Kirista ba.

To accomplish this feat, Pope Benedict XVI cannot ally himself with the secular powers of the world or rely on any of the world’ s secular institutions to defend the Christian faith.

Sakularizim da masu bin sa, duk da cewa asalin tarihinsu daga tarihin Yahudanci da Kiristanci yake, ba sa sha'awar kare Kiristanci ko kuma wani addini. Misali, a watan Mayu na shekarar 2002, Shugaba Bush bai yi komai ba don hana Isra'ila harba makamai kan Cocin Haihuwa, duk kuwa da roko mai karfi daga Paparoma John Paul na Biyu da shugabannin sauran darikun Kirista.

Secularism and its practitioners despite being a by-product of Judaeo-Christian history are not interested in defending Christianity or for that matter any faith. For instance, in May 2002 President Bush did nothing to prevent Israel from shelling the Church of Nativity, despite strong appeals from Pope John Paul II and leaders of other Christian sects.

Hakazalika, kafin mamayar Amurka ta Iraki a shekarar 2003, Shugaba Bush ya ki ganawa da Kiristocin bishara da ke adawa da yakin, amma ya ci gaba da karbar 'yan lobi na kamfanonin mai.

Similarly, before the American invasion of Iraq in 2003, President Bush refused to meet evangelical Christians who were opposed to the war, but continued to entertain lobbyist from oil companies.

Addinai da mutanen da ke bayyana imanin addini abin ƙi ne ga masu tsattsauran ra'ayin sakulare, kuma ana jure su ne kawai a tsakani. Mutanen imani da ke son riƙe asalin addininsu sukan zama abin cin mutunci a cikin al'ummomin sakulare. Hukumomin sakulare suna amfani da kayan aiki kamar kafafen watsa labarai da na siyasa don ci gaba da matsa wa waɗanda ke adawa da ƙimomin sakulare. Wannan yana ci gaba har sai sun miƙa wuya ko sun canja imaninsu don su dace da hangen duniyar masu ra'ayin abin duniya.

Religion and people who profess religious beliefs is an anathema to secularist fundamentalists and are barely tolerated. The people of faith who wish to retain their religious identity become the object of abuse within secular societies. Secular authorities utilize instruments such as the media and the political medium to constantly hound those that resist secular values. This continues until they capitulate or change their beliefs to conform to the materialistic worldview of the secularists.

Katolika da sauran addinan Kirista sun sha wahala mai girma a karkashin kariyar kasashen yammacin duniya masu bin tsarin boko, musamman kasashen Turai. Suna boye a bayan "'yancin fadin albarkacin baki" da "'yancin addini", masu tsarin boko sun ci gaba da cin zarafin Katolika ba kakkautawa, sun kuma tilasta Cocin Roma ta sauya ra'ayoyinta da ayyukanta. A yau, koyarwar Katolika da gaskiyarta kusan ba a gane su ba, kuma suna fuskantar barazanar bacewa nan ba da jimawa ba, sai dai idan Vatican ta tsaya da karfi wajen adawa da masu mulki na boko.

Catholicism as well as other Christian faiths has suffered immensely under the patronage of secular western states, particularly European states. Retreating behind the veil of ‘freedom of speech’ , and ‘freedom of religion’ , secularists have relentlessly abused Catholicism and forced the Roman Church to adapt its views and practices. Today, Catholic teachings and truths are scarcely recognizable and face imminent extinction, unless the Vatican takes a firm stand against the secular powers.

Haɗin kai da sauran addinan duniya kamar Yahudanci, Hinduism, Sikhism da sauran ɗariƙun Kiristanci ba zai canza makomar Cocin Roman ba. Waɗannan addinai ba su iya tsayawa kan akidar secularism mai barazana ba, kuma su ma sun faɗa tarkon ikon boko. Wannan saboda dalilai biyu. Na farko, duk an kafa su ne a kan akida ta motsin rai wadda ba ta da ƙarfin hankali da zai iya ƙalubalantar akidar secularism. Na biyu, sun dogara ne a kan akidu da ke ba da kallon ruhaniya kawai game da rayuwar ɗan Adam, kuma ba za su iya gabatar da tsarin zamantakewa da siyasa na rayuwa wanda zai zama madadin gaskiya ga secularism ba.

Forming an alliance with other world faiths such as Judaism, Hinduism, Sikhism and other Christian denominations will not alter the fate of the Roman Church. These religions are unable to stand up to the menacing ideology of secularism and they too have fallen prey to the secular powers. This is because of two reasons. First, they are all founded on an emotional creed that does not possess the intellectual dynamism to challenge the ideology of secularism. Second, they are based on creeds that only offer a spiritual perspective on human existence and are unable to present a social-political system of life that is a real alternative to secularism.

Musulunci ita ce kaɗai akida a duniya da ke iya kalubalantar tsarin rashin addini (secularism) kuma ta bai wa mutane masu addinai daban-daban kariya ta gaske. Musulunci yana iya cimma haka ne saboda a cikin zuciyarsa akwai akida ta ruhaniya da ta siyasa wadda ke ba mabiyanta abincin ruhi, kuma tana ba da tsarin zamantakewa da siyasa mai cikakken tsari, inda Musulmi da wadanda ba Musulmi ba ake bi da su daidai a gaban doka.

Islam is the sole ideology in the world that is able to counter secularism and offer genuine protection to people belonging to different faiths. Islam is able to achieve this, because at its heart is a spiritual and political creed that provides spiritual nourishment to its adherents and offers a comprehensive social-political system, where Muslims and non-Muslims are treated equally before the law.

A da, lokacin da ake aiwatar da Musulunci a aikace, kamar a Andalus ta Spain, Yahudawa, Kiristoci da Musulmai da ke zaune a biranen Spain na Toledo, Cordoba da Granada, sun more haƙuri da wadata wanda babu kamarsa. Martin Hume ya rubuta a cikin littafinsa Spanish Peopleiv: “Tare da sababbin masu mulki, Kiristoci da Yahudawa sun zauna lafiya. Na ƙarshen, masu arziki da kasuwanci da masana'antu, sun yarda su bar tunanin zaluncin da Goths masu bin firistoci suka yi musu ya yi barci”.

In the past, when Islam was implemented practically, as in Islamic Spain, Jews, Christians and Muslims living in the Spanish cities of Toledo, Cordoba and Granada, enjoyed unrivalled tolerance and prosperity. Martin Hume wrote in his book Spanish Peopleiv: “Side by side with the new rulers lived the Christians and Jews in peace. The latter rich with commerce and industry were content to let the memory of their oppression by the priest-ridden Goths sleep”.

Amma, lokacin da sarakunan Katolika Isabella da Ferdinand suka karɓi mulkin Sipaniya a shekara ta 1492, ba su mayar da wannan juriya ba, sai suka fara kawar da al'ummar Yahudawa da Musulmi daga Sipaniya. Irin wannan zalunci, da albarkar Fafaroma, an aikata shi a wasu ƙasashe da Musulmi ke mulki, kamar tsibirin Sicily da Urushalima.

However, when the Catholic monarchs Isabella and Ferdinand took charge of Spain in 1492, they did not reciprocate tolerance but proceeded to expunge Spain of its Jewish and Muslim populace. Similar acts of cruelty with the blessing of the Pope were carried out in other lands controlled by Muslims such as the island of Sicily and Jerusalem.

A yau duniyar Musulunci tana fuskantar wani sauyi mai tsanani daga boko zuwa Musulunci. Musulmi a fadin duniyar Musulunci suna tayar da kayar baya ga tsarin boko da aka dora musu da karfi daga kasashen yammacin duniya da masu goyon bayansu. Musulmi suna aiki dare da rana don hambarar da wadannan gwamnatocin kama-karya na boko da kuma sake kafa Khalifanci a kan rusasshensu. Tare da kafuwar Khalifanci, miliyoyin Kiristoci da a baya aka hana su hakkokinsu karkashin gwamnatocin boko za su samu cikakken dawo da hakkokinsu. Kamar yadda yake a Khalifancin da ya gabata, za a kare akidun Kirista da koyarwarsu. Tarihi ya tabbatar da cewa, sabanin Daular Roma da tsarin boko na yau, ba a canza koyarwar Kirista ba a karkashin Khalifanci domin ta dace da dabi'un Musulunci.

Today the Islamic world is experiencing a radical transformation from secularism to Islam. Muslims across the Islamic world are rebelling against the secular order that has been forcibly imposed upon them by western powers and their surrogates. Muslims are working day and night to over throw these secular autocracies and to re-establish the Caliphate on their ruins. With the establishment of the Caliphate, millions of Christians who were previously denied their rights under the secular regimes will have their rights restated in full. And like in the Caliphates of the past, Christian beliefs and teaching will be protected. History bears witness that unlike the Roman Empire and the secular order of today, Christian doctrines and teachings were not changed under the Caliphate to agree with Islamic values.

Idan aka dubi wannan yanayi, zai fi kyau Fafaroma Benedict XVI ya sake duba matsayinsa game da Musulunci da duniyar Musulmi. Maimakon ya zabi tsaurara matsayi a kan Musulunci da Musulmai, sabon Fafaroma ya kamata ya goyi bayan hakkin Musulmai a fadin duniyar Musulunci na kifar da gwamnatocinsu na boko da kafa Khalifanci sake. Ta haka, Fafaroma zai ceci Katolika, ya kare hakkokin garken sa a duniyar Musulunci, kuma ya aika da alamar alheri ga dangantaka ta gaba da Khalifanci.

Against this background it would be wise for Pope Benedict XVI to reconsider his position towards Islam and the Muslim world. Instead of opting for a harsh stance against Islam and Muslims, the new pope should support the right of Muslims across the Islamic world to overthrow their secular regimes and re-establish the Caliphate. In this way, the pope will be saving Catholicism, protecting the rights of his flock in the Muslim world and sending a good omen for future relations with the Caliphate.

Mayu 07, 2005

May 07, 2005