“Idan wani addini yana da damar yin mulki a kan Ingila, ma’ana Turai baki ɗaya, cikin shekaru ɗari masu zuwa, to Musulunci ne zai iya kasancewa”, George Bernard Shaw ’Yan siyasar Turai sun fara bayyana shakku a fili game da shigar Turkiyya cikin Tarayyar Turai. Ministan Kuɗi na Ostiriya, Karl-Heinz Grasser, ya ce zama membobin Turkiyya “zai ɗora wa Turai buƙatu masu yawa fiye da kima.” Ministan Harkokin Wajen Sipaniya, Miguel Angel Moratinos, ya yarda makonni biyu da suka wuce, bayan zaɓen raba gardama na Faransa da Netherlands, cewa ba shakka ƙin amincewar biyun “zai shafi” shirye-shiryen faɗaɗa gaba. Binciken ra’ayi a Faransa da Netherlands ya nuna cewa adawa da zama membobin Turkiyya na ɗaya daga cikin manyan dalilan da masu zaɓe suka bayar na adawa da kundin tsarin mulkin Tarayyar Turai.

“If any religion had the chance of ruling over England, nay Europe within the next hundred years, it could be Islam” --George Bernard Shaw uropean politicians have started to raise doubts in public about Turkey’ s entry with the EU. Austrian Finance Minister Karl-Heinz Grasser said that Turkish membership “would make excessive demands of Europe.” Spanish Foreign Minister Miguel Angel Moratinos acknowledged two weeks ago, after the French and Dutch referendums, that “without a doubt” the two rejections were “going to affect” further expansion plans. Polls in France and the Netherlands showed that opposition to Turkey’ s membership was one of the key reasons voters gave for opposing the EU constitution.

Sabbin ci gaba sun karyata ikirarin Abdullah Gul da ya yi a watan Disamba da ya gabata, cewa shawarar Tarayyar Turai ta ci gaba da tattaunawar shiga kungiyar da Turkiyya tana bayar da gudummawa ga zaman lafiyar kasar Musulmi, kuma tana ba ta sabon matsayi a Turai da duniyar Musulunci. Don haka dangantakar Tarayyar Turai da Turkiyya ba ta sake dogara ga Turkiyya ta aiwatar da manyan sauye-sauyen siyasa da tattalin arziki ba.

The latest developments pour cold water on Abdullah Gul‘s claim last December that the European Union's decision to extend membership talks with Turkey contributes to the Muslim country's stability and gives it a new position in Europe and the Islamic world. Thus European Union’ s relationship with Turkey no longer rests on Turkey undergoing extensive political and economic reforms.

Maimakon haka, dangantakar da ke tsakanin su nan gaba za ta dogara ne ga manyan abubuwa guda biyu.

Rather future relations between the two will be decided by two major factors.

Na farko shi ne "karon battakar wayewa" (clash of civilisations), kuma a bayyane yake ga 'yan siyasa da kuma al'ummomin Turai da Turkiyya cewa wannan karo yana da makawa kuma yana ci gaba. Tsohon shugaban kasar Faransa, Valery Giscard d'Estaing, ya taba cewa shigar Turkiyya, a matsayinta na kasa mai addinin Musulunci kuma galibin yankinta yana Asiya, zai zama "karshen Turai". A yau, kalaman Giscard ba 'yan siyasar Turai ne kawai suke maimaitawa ba, har ma al'ummomin Birtaniya, Faransa, Jamus da wasu kasashe da dama suna yawan raba su. Akwai zurfin tsoron Musulunci (Islamophobia) wanda ya mamaye yankin kuma ya farfado da tunanin zamanin baya, lokacin da Daular Usmaniyya (Ottoman Caliphate) take mulkin al'amuran Turai. Haka kuma, Musulmin Turkiyya ba sa son shiga Tarayyar Turai (EU). Suna jin tsoron cewa za a kwace musu asalin addininsu da kuma tilasta musu karbar dabi'un yammacin duniya. Misali, gargadin da EU ta yi wa Turkiyya kan shirinta na haramta zina, Ankara ta janye shi cikin sauri. Wannan ya fusata Turkawa da yawa, kuma ya kara musu fargabar cewa Turai da gangan take kai hari ga dabi'un Musulunci.

The first is the ‘clash of civilisations’ and is pretty obvious to politicians as well as the peoples of both Europe and Turkey that this clash is inevitable and ongoing. Valery Giscard d'Estaing, the former French president once said that the entry of Turkey, as an Islamic and mostly Asian power, would spell "the end of Europe". Today Giscard’ s remarks are not only echoed by fellow European politicians, but are widely shared amongst the populations of Britain, France, Germany and several other countries. There is a deep sense of Islamophobia, which has swept the region and rekindled past memories of the Ottoman Caliphate dominating the affairs of Europe. Equally, the Muslims of Turkey are opposed to joining the EU. They fear that they will be stripped of their Islamic identity and forced to adopt western values. For example EU’ s chastisement over Turkey’ s plan to outlaw adultery was quickly reversed by Ankara. This angered many Turks and only heightened their anxiety that Europe was intentionally targeting Islamic values.

Wannan a wani sashe yana samuwa ne sakamakon yanayin tsoro da yaƙin Amurka da Musulunci ya haifar, kuma a wani sashe yana samuwa ne saboda rikicin ƙarnuka da ake yi tsakanin Kiristanci da Musulunci. Wannan rarrabuwar ra'ayi ba za ta yiwu a shawo kanta ba, sai an tattauna tare kuma an warware bambance-bambancen akida tsakanin al'adu biyun. Ci gaba ba tare da irin wannan tattaunawa ba zai haifar da gazawa, ko da wane irin ci gaba aka samu wajen cimma manufofin siyasa da tattalin arziki da Tarayyar Turai ta sanya a gaba.

This in part is born out of the climate of fear produced by America’ s war on Islam and in part is due to the centuries old conflict between Christendom and Islam. This polarization in attitudes is impossible to overcome, unless the ideological differences between the two cultures are debated and settled. To proceed in the absence of such a dialogue will result in failure, no matter what progress is made towards achieving the political and economic goals set out by the EU.

Na biyu shi ne cewa Turai ta gaza wajen karɓar al'ummarta ta Musulmi, don haka menene yiwuwar cewa za ta iya samun nasarar haɗa Turkawa miliyan 70 cikin al'umma? Ka ɗauki misalin Birtaniya. Musulmi su ne ƙabilar da ta fi fama da talauci da rashin walwala a zamantakewa. A watan Oktoban 2004 jaridar Guardian ta ruwaito: 'Musulmi suna da mafi yawan rashin aikin yi, mafi munin lafiya, mafi yawan nakasa da mafi ƙarancin ilimin boko. A mafi yawan fannoni mata Musulmi sun fi maza Musulmi shiga halin ƙunci.' vi Musulmi a Faransa da Jamus suna cikin yanayi mafi muni. Haramta sanya hijabi, tsare matasan Musulmi ba tare da dalili ba, da hana su zama 'yan ƙasa su ne ke kan gaba cikin ayyukan wariya da ake yi wa Musulmi.

The second is that Europe has failed to accommodate its own Muslim populations, so what are the odds that it can successfully manage the inclusion of 70 million Turks. Take the example of Britain. Muslims are the most socially deprived ethnic group. In October 2004 the Guardian newspaper reported: ’Muslims had the highest rate of unemployment, the poorest health, the most disability and fewest educational qualifications. In most respects Muslim women fared worse than Muslim men did.’ vi Muslims in France and Germany fair much worse. The banning of the hijab, the random interrogation of young Muslims and the withholding of citizenship are at the forefront of discriminatory acts carried out against Muslims.

Bugu da ƙari, jinkirin ƙasashen Turai wajen shiga tsakani don kare Musulmai na Bosnia da Kosovo ya nuna halayen Turai game da Musulmai da ke zaune a gabarsu. A zukatan Turawa, misalan da ke sama kawai suna ƙara tabbatar da ra'ayin cewa Musulmai da Musulunci ba su dace da ɓangarorin rayuwa na gwamnati da ba ta da addini ba.

Add to this, the reluctance of the European powers to intervene and protect Muslims of Bosnia and Kosovo underscores Europe’ s attitude towards Muslims living on its shores. In European minds, the above examples only reinforce the idea that Muslims and Islam are incompatible with secularism.

Abin mamaki ne a ce hankalin shugabannin Turkiyya bai karkata ga rikicin yanzu tsakanin Musulunci da Yamma ba, da kuma zalunce-zalunce da Turawa ke yi wa al'ummarsu ta Musulmi. Idan Gul yana da gaske game da Turkiyya ta dauki sabon matsayi a duniyar Musulmi, to mafi karancin abin da zai iya yi shi ne ya tsaya tsayin daka wajen adawa da zaluncin da Turai ke yi wa al'ummarta ta Musulmi. Ana iya cimma hakan ta hanyar Turkiyya ta nemi a inganta yanayin rayuwarsu sosai, a matsayin sharadin duk wata tattaunawa tsakanin Turkiyya da Tarayyar Turai. Irin wannan mataki mai karfin hali zai kara girman Turkiyya a duniyar Musulmi sosai. Bayan haka, ya kamata Gul ya yi tunani sosai game da tarihin Turkiyya, don ya gano yadda Turkiyya ta yau za ta iya daukar sabon matsayi a Turai. Da sauri zai gane cewa sai a cikin Musulunci da karkashin inuwar Khalifanci ne Turkiyya ta taba kasancewa cikin manyan kasashen duniya. A wancan lokaci, Turawan da ake zalunta suna sha'awar adalcin Khalifanci, suna kuma marmarin zama wani bangare na shi. Shin ba mutanen Constantinople ne suka roki Sarki Muhammad da ya kubutar da su daga zaluncin Constantine ba?

It is hard to believe that the current clash between Islam and the West and the injustices committed by Europeans towards their own Muslim populace has escaped the notice of Turkish leaders. If Gul is serious about Turkey occupying a new position in the Muslim world then the very least he can do is to stand firm against Europe’ s oppression of its Muslim populace. This can be achieved by Turkey demanding a significant improvement in their circumstances as a precursor to any talks between Turkey and the EU. Such a bold gesture would dramatically increase Turkey’ s standing in the Muslim world. Thereafter, Gul should dwell profoundly on Turkey’ s past in order to discover how the present Turkey can occupy a new position in Europe. He would quickly conclude that only in Islam and under the shade of the Caliphate did Turkey occupy a pre-eminent position amongst the nations of the world. Back then, the oppressed Europeans used to yearn for the justice of the Caliphate and longed to become a part of it. Did not the people of Constantinople implore Sultan Mohammed to liberate them from the tyranny of Constantine?

Yuni 14, 2005

June 14, 2005