Al-Zumar (Makundi) - Katika Kivuli cha Qur'ani | Quran Course

Al-Zumar (Makundi) - Katika Kivuli cha Qur'ani | Quran Course

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Al-Zumar (Makundi)

Al-Zumar (The Throngs)

by Sayyid Qutb4 min readViewed 207 times

Utangulizi

Prologue

Sura hii inahusika karibu kwa kiasi kikubwa na suala la umoja wa Mungu. Inabadilisha namna yake ya kuzungumza na moyo wa mwanadamu, ikipiga kila aina ya sauti kwenye chombo chake ili kuzalisha athari endelevu na ya kina. Inafanya hivyo ili kuimarisha kwa uthabiti msingi wa kanuni ya umoja wa Mungu, na kuusafisha moyo na kila kitu kinachoweza kuharibu taswira yake. Hivyo, tangu mwanzo hadi mwisho, sura hii inashughulikia somo moja tu kwa namna mbalimbali.

This sūrah deals almost exclusively with the issue of God’s oneness. It varies its address to the human heart, striking the full range of tones on its instrument so as to produce a sustained and profound effect. This it does to firmly establish the roots of the principle of God’s oneness, purging the heart of anything that could mar its image. Thus, from start to finish, the sūrah variously deals with just one subject.

Kitabu hiki kinateremshwa kutoka juu na Mwenyezi Mungu, Mwenye nguvu, Mwenye hekima. Ni Sisi tuliyekuteremshia wahyi huu kutoka juu, ukieleza haki. Basi mwabuduni Mwenyezi Mungu peke yake, mkimtakasia dini yenu. Ibada safi ni ya Mwenyezi Mungu peke yake. (Aya 1-3) Hili linarudi tena mara kwa mara, ama likitajwa waziwazi au kama dhana ya kutafakari. Mifano ya aina ya kwanza ni hii: "Sema: Nimeamrishwa kumwabudu Mwenyezi Mungu, nikimtakasia dini yangu Yeye peke yake; na nimeamrishwa kuwa wa kwanza kujisalimisha kwake." "Sema: Hakika ninaogopa, nikimwasi Mola wangu, adhabu ya siku kubwa." "Sema: Namwabudu Mwenyezi Mungu peke yake, nikimtakasia dini yangu Yeye peke yake. Basi nendeni mkiabudu mnachotaka badala yake." (Aya 11-15) "Sema: Enyi majahili! Je, mnaniamrisha nimwabudu mwingine asiyekuwa Mwenyezi Mungu?" "Imefunuliwa kwako, na kwa waliokuwa kabla yako, kwamba ukimshirikisha Mwenyezi Mungu, bila shaka matendo yako yatabatilika, nawe utakuwa miongoni mwa wenye hasara. Basi mwabudu Mwenyezi Mungu peke yake, na uwe miongoni mwa wenye kushukuru." (Aya 64-66) Sasa yafuatayo ni mifano miwili ya aina ya pili: "Mwenyezi Mungu anatoa mfano wa mtu aliye na mabwana kadhaa washirika wanaopingana, na mtu aliye wa bwana mmoja tu. Je, wawili hao wanalingana sawa?"

"Kuna habari njema kwa wale wanaoepuka kuabudu miungu ya uongo na kumgeukia Mungu. Basi wape habari njema waja Wangu, wanaosikiliza kwa makini yanayosemwa na kufuata yaliyo bora zaidi yake. Hao ndio ambao Mungu amewaneemesha kwa uongofu Wake, na hao ndio wenye akili." "Mungu ameteremsha maneno bora kabisa: kitabu kinachoendana ndani yake, kinachorudia kauli zake [za ukweli] kwa namna nyingi. Huwafanya ngozi za wale wanaomcha Mola wao kutetemeka, kisha ngozi zao na nyoyo zao hulainika wanapotajwa Mungu. Huo ndio uongofu wa Mungu. Humwongoza kwao amtakaye, ilhali yule ambaye Mungu amemwacha apotee hana mwongozi yeyote kamwe." "Mtu anapopatwa na msiba, humlilia Mola wake, akimgeukia kumwomba msaada; lakini Anapompa neema kwa fadhila Yake, husahau aliyoyalilia na kuyaomba hapo awali, na hudai kwamba wengine ni sawa na Mungu, hivyo kuwapotosha wengine kutoka njia Yake. Sema [kwake]: 'Jistarehe kidogo katika ukafiri wako, kwani wewe ni miongoni mwa watu wa Motoni.'" (Aya 8)

“There is good news for those who shun the worship of false deities and turn to God, so give good news to My servants, who listen carefully to what is said and follow the best of it. These are the ones whom God has graced with His guidance, and these are the ones endowed with insight.” (Verses 17-18) “God has bestowed from on high the best of all teachings: a book that is consistent within itself repeating its statements [of the truth] in manifold forms. It causes the skins of those who stand in awe of their Lord to shiver, but then their skins and hearts soften at the mention of God. Such is God’s guidance.. He guides with it him that wills, whereas the one whom God lets go astray can never find any guide.” (Verse 23) “When man suffers affliction, he cries out to his Lord, turning to Him for help; but once He bestows upon him a favour by His grace, he forgets what he cried and prayed for earlier, and claims that others are equal to God, thus leading others astray from His path. Say [to him]: ‘Enjoy yourself for a while in your disbelief for you are one of those destined to the fire.” (Verse 8)

“Lakini mateso ya Akhera yatakuwa makubwa zaidi, lau wangalijua.” (Aya ya 26) “Je, si kuna katika Jahannamu makazi yanayostahiki kwa makafiri?” (Aya ya 32) “Lau madhalimu wangemiliki kila kilicho katika ardhi, na mara mbili yake, hakika wangevitoa vyote kuwa fidia ili kujiokoa na adhabu mbaya ya Siku ya Kiyama. Kwani Mungu atawadhihirishia jambo ambalo hawakuwahi kulihesabu.” (Aya ya 47) “Rejeeni kwa Mola wenu na mnyenyekee Kwake kabla adhabu haijawafikia, kwani hapo hamtanusurika. Fuateni yaliyo bora kabisa yaliyoteremshwa kwenu kutoka kwa Mola wenu kabla adhabu haijawafikia ghafla bila nyinyi kutambua, msije mkasema: ‘Ole wangu kwa kile nilichopuuza katika haki ya Mungu, na kwa kuwa miongoni mwa wafanyao mzaha [kwa haki]’; au msije mkasema: ‘Lau Mungu angeliniongoza, bila shaka ningekuwa miongoni mwa wamchao’; au msije mkasema, pale mnapokabiliwa na adhabu [inayowangoja]: ‘Lau ningepata nafasi nyingine maishani, ningekuwa miongoni mwa watendao mema.’” (Aya 54-58) Zaidi ya hayo, sehemu kubwa ya sura hii inachora picha kamili za Akhera, na hivyo kuongeza hali yake ya jumla ya mazingira.

“Yet much greater will be the suffering of the life to come, if they but knew it.” (Verse 26) “Is not there in hell a proper abode for the unbelievers?” (Verse 32) “If the wrongdoers possessed all that is on earth, and twice as much, they would surely offer it all as ransom from the awful suffering on the Day of Resurrection. For God will have made obvious to them something they have never reckoned with.” (Verse 47) “Turn towards your Lord and submit to Him before the suffering comes upon you, for then you cannot be helped. Follow the best that has been revealed to you by your Lord before the suffering comes upon you of a sudden, without your being aware of it, lest anyone should say: ‘Woe is me for having neglected what is due to God, and for having been one of those who scoffed [at the truth]’; or lest he should say: If God had but guided me, I would surely have been among the God-fearing; or lest he should say, when faced by the suffering [that awaits him]: If only I could have a second chance in life, I will be among those who do good.’” (Verses 54-58) Moreover, a large part of the sūrah draws complete scenes of the hereafter, thereby adding to its overall ambience.

Sura pia inajumuisha marejeo ya maisha ya kila siku na tabia ya binadamu. Kwa mfano, mwanzoni mwa sura kuna marejeo ya asili ya binadamu: “Amekuumbeni nyote kutokana na nafsi moja, kisha akamfanyia mwenzake; na amewapa wanyama wa mifugo dume na jike wanne; na anakuumbeni katika matumbo ya mama zenu, uumbaji baada ya uumbaji, katika giza tatu. Huyo ndiye Mwenyezi Mungu, Mola wenu; ufalme ni wake. Hakuna mungu isipokuwa yeye. Basi mnageuzwa vipi?” (Aya ya 6) Kuhusu mwitikio wa binadamu wakati wa shida na wakati wa raha, kuna mifano miwili ifuatayo: “Mwanadamu anapoguswa na dhara, humwomba Mola wake, akimrudia kwa msaada; lakini Anapomneemesha kwa neema yake, husahau aliyokuwa akiomba hapo kabla.” (Aya ya 8) “Mwanadamu anapoguswa na dhara, hutuomba; lakini tukimneemesha kwa neema yetu, husema: ‘Nimepewa haya yote kwa sababu ya elimu yangu.’ La! Ni mtihani tu.” (Aya ya 49) Pia kinasisitizwa kwamba nafsi za watu daima ziko mikononi mwa Mwenyezi Mungu: “Mwenyezi Mungu huzichukua nafsi za watu wakati wa kufa kwao, na za walio hai wakati wa usingizi wao. Huibakisha ile aliyoiamulia kufa, na hurudisha nyingine mpaka muda wake uliowekwa. Katika hayo mna ishara kwa watu wanaotafakari.” (Aya ya 42)

The sūrah also includes references to practical life and human nature. Thus, early in the sūrah there is a reference to the origins of humanity: “He has created you all from a single soul, and from it He fashioned its mate; and He has bestowed on you four kinds of cattle in pairs; and He creates you in your mothers’ wombs, one act of creation after another, in threefold depths of darkness. Such is God, your Lord: to Him belongs all dominion. There is no deity other than Him. How, then, can you lose sight of the truth?” (Verse 6) On the nature of human reactions in situations of both adversity and pleasant ease there are the following two examples: “When man suffers affliction, he cries out to his Lord, turning to Him for help; but once He bestows upon him a favour by His grace, he forgets what he cried and prayed for earlier.” (Verse 8) “When man suffers affliction, he cries out to Us; but once We bestow upon him a favour by Our grace, he says: I have been given all this by virtue of my knowledge.’ By no means! It is but a test.” (Verse 49) The fact that people’s souls are always in God’s grasp is also highlighted: “God takes away people’s souls upon their death, and the souls of the living during their sleep. He keeps with. Him the souls of those whose death He has ordained and sends back the others until their appointed time. In all this there are signs for people who reflect.” (Verse 42)