2-bob. Boshlang'ich nuqta
2 The Starting Point
Allohning Elchisi ﷺ yuborilganida, u avval xotini Xadijaga da'vat qildi va u unga iymon keltirdi. So'ngra u ﷺ amakivachchasi Alini da'vat qildi va u ham unga iymon keltirdi. Keyin u ﷺ xizmatkori Zaydni da'vat qildi va u ham unga iymon keltirdi. Shundan so'ng u ﷺ do'sti Abu Bakrni da'vat qildi va u ham unga iymon keltirdi. U ﷺ odamlarni Islomga da'vat qilishda davom etdi: ba'zilari iymon keltirdi, boshqalari esa rad etdi.
When the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) was sent, he first invited his wife Khadijah and she believed in him. He (pbuh) then invited his cousin ‘Ali and he believed in him. He then invited his servant Zayd, and he believed in him. And then he invited his friend Abu Bakr, who also believed in him. He continued to invite people to Islam, some believed and others rejected.
Abu Bakr Islomni qabul qilgach, o'z e'tiqodini ishonchli kishilariga yetkazdi va ularni Allohga (SWT) hamda Uning Rasuliga ﷺ da'vat qildi. Abu Bakr qavmi orasida katta hurmatga ega edi; odamlar uning suhbatidan zavqlanar, ko'p masalalarda doim unga maslahat solardi. U o'z ta'siridan foydalanib, Zubayr ibn al-Avvom, Abdurrahmon ibn Avf, Sa'd ibn Abu Vaqqos va Talha ibn Ubaydulloh bilan birga Usmon ibn Affonni ham Islomni qabul qilishga ko'ndirdi. Ularni Allohning Rasuli ﷺ huzuriga olib bordi, u yerda ular barchasi e'tiqodlarini tasdiqladilar va namoz o'qidilar. Keyin Omir ibn al-Jarrah (Abu Ubayda nomi bilan tanilgan) Islomni qabul qildi, shuningdek Abdulloh ibn Abdul-Asad (Abu Salama nomi bilan tanilgan), al-Arqam ibn Abu al-Arqam, Usmon ibn Maz'un va boshqalar ham qabul qildilar. Shundan so'ng ko'plab odamlar Islomga kirdi, natijada bu masala Quraysh qavmi orasida suhbat mavzusiga aylandi.
When Abu Bakr embraced Islam, he in turn carried his belief to the people whom he trusted and called towards Allah (swt) and His Messenger (pbuh). Abu Bakr was held in high esteem among his people, they enjoyed his company and always consulted him on many issues. He used his influence to persuade ‘Uthman ibn ‘Affan, together with Zubayr ibn al-’Awwam, ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn ‘Auf, Sa’d ibn Abi Waqqas and Talhah ibn ‘Ubaydullah to embrace Islam. He brought them to the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) where they all confirmed their belief and offered prayer. Then, ‘Amir ibn al-Jarrah (known as Abu Ubaydah) embraced Islam, and so did ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Abd al-Asad (known as Abu Salamah) as well as al-Arqam ibn Abi al-Arqam, ‘Uthman ibn Maz’un and others. Scores of people subsequently embraced Islam, until it became the topic of discussion amongst the people of Quraysh.
Boshida Allohning Elchisi ﷺ odamlarni ularning uylarida ziyorat qilib, Alloh (SWT) tomonidan Unga ibodat qilish va Unga hech narsani sherik qilmaslik buyurilganini aytardilar. U zot ﷺ Makkada Allohning amriga amal qilgan holda, odamlarni Islomga ochiq-oshkora da'vat qildilar,
In the beginning, the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) would visit people in their homes, telling them that they had been commanded by Allah (swt) to worship Him and to associate none with Him. He (pbuh) openly invited people to Islam in Makkah, thus abiding by Allah’s command,
{Ey o‘zini o‘ragan kishi! Tur va ogohlantir!} [Al-Muddassir, 74:1-2].
“O you enveloped (in garments)! Arise and warn!” [Al-Muddaththir, 74:1-2].
Shundan so'ng, Allohning Elchisi ﷺ odamlar bilan yashirin aloqa qilib, ularga Islomni o'rgatar va Din asosida ularni to'plardi.
After this, the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) would contact people secretly to teach them Islam and gather them on the basis of the Deen.
Sahobalar (Hamrohlar) mushriklar nazaridan uzoqda, Makka chekkasidagi tepaliklarda namoz o‘qir edilar. Qachon kimdir Islomni qabul qilsa, Allohning Elchisi ﷺ uni oldin Islomni qabul qilgan kishilardan biri orqali Qur’on o‘rgatish uchun yuborar edi. Ul zot ﷺ Xabbob ibn al-Arratni Fotima bint al-Xattob va uning eri Sa’idga Qur’on o‘rgatish uchun yubordilar. Bir kuni Umar ibn al-Xattob ular halqa bo‘lib o‘tirgan paytda ularning oldiga kirib qoldi va o‘sha zahoti Islomni qabul qildi. Lekin Allohning Elchisi ﷺ bu yetarli emasligini angladilar va da’vatlarining markazi sifatida Arqam ibn Abul-Arqamning uyini belgiladilar. Bu joyda musulmonlarga Qur’on o‘rgatilar, ularning Islom bilimlari kamolga yetkazilar, Qur’onni tilovat qilish va uni tushunishga undalar edi. Qachon kimdir Islomni qabul qilsa, Allohning Elchisi ﷺ uni Arqamning uyida kutib olar edilar. Ul zot ﷺ uch yil davomida shu ishni davom ettirdilar: bu musulmonlar guruhiga ta’lim berdilar, ularga imomlik qilib namoz o‘qitdilar, kechasi tahajjud namozini ado etdilar, ularning qalblarini ruhlantirdilar, namoz va tilovat orqali imonlarini mustahkamladilar, fikrlashlarini yaxshilashga hamda Qur’on oyatlari va Allohning (SWT) yaratilishi ustida tafakkur qilishga yordam berdilar. Ul zot ﷺ ularga Allohga (SWT) itoat etish orqali barcha mashaqqatlarga qanday sabr qilishni o‘rgatdilar.
The Sahabah (Companions) used to offer prayers in the hills on the outskirts of Makkah away from the Quraysh. Everytime someone embraced Islam, Allah’s Messenger (pbuh) would send him or her someone from those who had embraced Islam earlier to teach them the Qur’an. He (pbuh) sent Khabbab ibn al- Arrat to teach the Qur’an to Fatimah bint al-Khattab and her husband Sa’id. ‘Umar ibn al-Khattab once surprised them while they held their circle, and he embraced Islam then and there. The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) however realized that this was not enough, so he set up the house of al-Arqam ibn Abi al-Arqam as the centre of his call, a place from which he taught Muslims the Qur’an and perfected their knowledge of Islam, encouraging them to recite the Qur’an and understand it. Whenever someone embraced Islam, Allah’s Messenger (pbuh) would meet him in the house of al-Arqam. He (pbuh) pursued this task for three years, teaching this group of Muslims, leading them in prayers, and performing Tahajjud at night, motivating their souls, strengthening their belief through prayer and recitation, helping them to improve their way of thinking and to reflect on the verses of the Qur’an and the creation of Allah (swt). He (pbuh) taught them how to endure all hardships by submitting to Allah (swt).
Allohning Elchisi ﷺ musulmonlar guruhi bilan al-Arqamning uyida to Alloh (SWT) Oʻz so‘zini nozil qilguncha qoldilar,
The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) remained together with his party of Muslims in the house of al-Arqam until Allah (swt) revealed his saying,
Shuning uchun, sizga buyurilgan narsani ochiq-oydin e'lon qiling va "Al-Mushrikun"dan yuz o'giring. [Al-Hijr, 15: 94]
“Therefore, proclaim openly, that which you are commanded, and turn away from “Al-Mushrikun” [Al-Hijr, 15: 94]