34-bob. Islom davlatining tashqi siyosati - Islom xalifaligi | Quran Course

34-bob. Islom davlatining tashqi siyosati - Islom xalifaligi | Quran Course

Shundan so'ng uning xulafolari keldi. Ular ham Islomni tarqatish asosida barcha boshqa davlatlar bilan munosabatlar o'rnatdilar va ular ham Islom xabarini dunyoga yetkazishda davom etdilar. Hokimiyatga kelgan barcha musulmon hukmdorlar Islomni tarqatishda raqobatlashdilar. Umaviylar aslida boshqa mamlakatlarni zabt etishda va Islomni tarqatishda Abbosiylarga qaraganda muvaffaqiyatliroq bo'ldilar, Usmonlilar esa Mamluklarga qaraganda ko'proq mamlakatlarni zabt etdilar va Islomni ko'proq tarqatdilar. Ammo bu tafovut, boshqa omillar qatorida, Davlatning tashqi siyosatiga beradigan ustuvorliklari bilan bog'liq edi. Islomni tarqatish har doim boshqa davlatlar bilan munosabatlar o'rnatiladigan asos bo'lib qoldi. Bu barcha xulafoning hukmronligi davomida hech qachon o'zgarmadi. Davlatning vazifasi Islomni o'z yurtida joriy etish va uning xabarini dunyoga yetkazishdir. Shuning uchun Islom davlatining vazifasi har doim Islom xabarini yetkazish bo'lib kelgan. Aslida Islomni yetkazish va tarqatishni tashqi siyosatning asosiga aylantiradigan narsa, xabarning butun insoniyatga qaratilganidir. Alloh (SWT) aytadi: "Biz sizni (ey Muhammad) faqat butun insoniyatga xushxabar beruvchi va ogohlantiruvchi qilib yubordik, ammo ko'pchilik odamlar bilmaydilar." [Saba', 34:28].

Afterwards, came his Khulafa’. They also established relations with all the other states on the basis of spreading Islam, and they too continued to carry the Message of Islam to the world. All the Muslim rulers who came to power competed in the spreading of Islam. The Ummayads were actually more successful in conquering other countries and spreading Islam than the Abbasids, and the ‘Uthmanis conquered more countries and spread Islam more than the Mamluks. This disparity was due, however, to the priorities the State would give to its foreign policy among other factors. The spreading of Islam always remained the basis upon which the relationship with other states was established. This has never changed throughout the rule of all the Khulafah. The duty of the State is to implement Islam at home and to carry its Message to the world. Therefore, the task of the Islamic State has always been to carry the Message of Islam. What actually makes the conveyance and spreading of Islam the basis of the foreign policy is the fact that the Message is addressed to the whole of mankind. Allah (swt) says, . “And we have not sent you (O Muhammad) except as a giver of glad tidings and a warner to all mankind, but most of men know not.” [Saba’, 34:28]. .

Shunga ko'ra, Islom Davlatining tashqi siyosati Islom xabarini dunyoga yetkazishdir. Bu siyosat hokimiyatda kim bo'lishidan qat'i nazar, hech qachon o'zgarmaydigan aniq usul — Jihod orqali amalga oshiriladi. Allohning Elchisi ﷺ Davlatga asos solganlaridan to Islom Davlati tugagunigacha bu usul hech qachon o'zgarmadi. Allohning Elchisi ﷺ Islom Davlatiga asos solingandan ko'p o'tmay qo'shin tayyorladilar. U zot ﷺ Islom da'vatiga to'siq bo'lgan moddiy to'siqlarni bartaraf etish uchun Jihodni boshladilar. Quraysh ana shunday moddiy to'siq edi, shu sababli u zot ﷺ uni bartaraf etishga qaror qildilar. So'ngra u zot ﷺ Islom da'vatiga to'sqinlik qilayotgan Quraysh mavjudligini yo'q qilishga kirishdilar. Shuningdek, u zot ﷺ boshqa to'siqlarni ham bartaraf etdilar va yo'q qildilar, natijada Islom butun Arabiston yarim orolini qamrab oldi. Shundan so'ng Islom Davlati boshqa xalqlarning eshigini taqillatib, ularni Islomga chaqira boshladi. U mavjud hukmron tuzumlarning da'vatga qarshi moddiy to'siq ekanini ko'rdi, shuning uchun ularni bartaraf etish zarur edi, toki xalqning o'ziga yetib borib, uni Islomga da'vat qilish, Islomning adolatini ko'rib va his qilish, uning bayrog'i ostida yashovchi farovonlik va munosib turmushni kuzatish hamda xalqni majburlamasdan va zo'r ishlatmasdan yaxshiroq hayotga chaqirish mumkin bo'lsin. Jihod Islomni tarqatish usuli sifatida davom etdi va Jihod orqali ko'plab mamlakatlar fath qilindi. Jihod orqali podsholiklar va davlatlar bartaraf etildi va Islom o'sha xalqlar va millatlarni boshqardi. Islom tarqaldi va u tomonidan boshqarilgandan so'ng yuz millionlab odamlar uni qabul qildi. Ushbu tashqi siyosatni amalga oshirishda qo'llanilgan usul Jihod edi. U hech qachon o'zgarmagan va hech qachon o'zgarmaydi.

Therefore, the foreign policy of the Islamic State is to convey the Islamic Message to the world. This policy is implemented by a defined method that never changes, which is Jihad, regardless of who is in authority. Since the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) founded the State until the end of the Islamic State, this method never changed. The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) prepared the army soon after founding the Islamic State. He (pbuh) initiated Jihad in order to remove the material obstacles that stood in the way of the Islamic Da’wah. The Quraysh was that material obstacle, so he (pbuh) decided to remove it. Then he (pbuh) went on to destroy the Quraysh’s existence, the very existence that stood in the way of the Islamic Da’wah. He (pbuh) also removed and destroyed other obstacles until Islam engulfed the whole of the Arabian Peninsula. Then the Islamic State began knocking on the doors of other nations to spread Islam among them. It found that the existing ruling systems formed a material obstacle in the face of the Da’wah, thus they had to be removed in order to reach the people themselves and invite them to Islam so that they could visualize and feel the justice of Islam, observe the prosperity and decent living under its banner, and invite the people to a better life without compulsion or coercion. Jihad continued as a method of spreading Islam, and by the means of Jihad many countries were conquered. By means of Jihad, kingdoms and states were removed and Islam ruled the same people and nations. Islam was spread and was embraced by hundreds of millions of people after they had been ruled by it. The method used in implementing that foreign policy was Jihad. It has never changed and never will. .

Jihod — bu fitna bilan kurashishni o‘z ichiga olgan Islomga da’vat bo‘lib, yoki jangga, pul, fikr va adabiyot bilan jangga hissa qo‘shishdir. U Qur’on va Hadisda tasdiqlangan farzdir. Musulmonlar dushmanga qarshi urushni hech qachon avval Islomga da’vat qilmasdan yoki ikkinchi bo‘lib jizya taklif qilmasdan boshlamaganlar. Jihod haqidagi ilohiy qoida shundan iboratki, agar dushman o‘rab olingan bo‘lsa, ularni Islomni qabul qilishga chaqirishadi; agar qabul qilsalar, ular Islom ummatining bir qismiga aylanadi va ular bilan urush qilish man etiladi. Agar Islomni rad etsalar, ulardan jizya to‘lash so‘raladi; agar uni to‘lasalar, ularning jonlari va mol-mulklari xavfsiz bo‘ladi, mamlakatlari Islom davlatining bir qismiga aylanadi. Ular musulmonlar bahramand bo‘layotgan adolat, insof, himoya, homiylik va farovonlikdan bahramand bo‘ladilar hamda ularning barcha asosiy ehtiyojlari ta’minlanadi. Bundan tashqari, ular davlatga va hukumatga sadoqat qasamini ichishlari kerak bo‘ladi. Agar ular Islomni rad etib, jizya to‘lashdan bosh tortsalar, u holda urush qilish joiz bo‘ladi.

Jihad is the call to Islam which involves fighting, or the contribution of either money, opinions, or literature towards the fighting. It is an obligation, confirmed in the Qur’an and the Hadeeth. The Muslims never started the fight against an enemy before firstly proposing Islam or secondly the Jizyah. The Divine rule concerning Jihad is that if the enemy was surrounded they would be invited to embrace Islam and if they accepted then they would become a part of the Islamic Ummah and fighting them would be forbidden. If they refused Islam, then they would be asked to pay the Jizyah and if they paid it, their lives and assets would be safe and their country would become part of the Islamic State. They would enjoy the justice, equity, protection, guardianship and welfare enjoyed by the Muslims, and all their basic needs would be secured. Additionally, they would have to pledge allegiance to the State and the regime. If they rejected Islam and refused to pay the Jizyah then the fighting would be lawful. .

Shunday qilib, dushmanga qarshi urush dinga da'vat insonlarga yetkazilmaguncha joiz bo'lmaydi. Olimlar ta'kidlaganidek, islomiy da'vat yetib bormagan kishilar bilan urush qilish biz uchun harom hisoblanadi. Demak, urushdan oldin jamoatchilik fikri islomga nisbatan shakllanishi, islomning haqiqiy qiyofasi yetkazilishi va islomiy qonunlar insonlarga yetib borishi uchun harakat qilinishi kerak, shunda ular islomning ularga haqiqiy najot berishini anglab yetadilar. Islomiy davlat islomning aniq tasvirini berish va uning tushunchalarini tushuntirish, islomni targ'ib qilish va reklama qilish kabi siyosiy ishlarni amalga oshirishi lozim. Bunday harakatlarga mushaklarni namoyish qilish va islomiy davlatning qudratini, shu jumladan musulmonlarning jasorati va qat'iyatini namoyon etish ham kiradi. Allohning Elchisi ﷺ bunday harakatlarni amalga oshirardilar. U zot ﷺ kofir mamlakatlarning markaziga elchilar yuborardilar. Bir safar u zot ﷺ islom xabarini yetkazish uchun Najd xalqiga qirq kishini jo'natdilar. U zot ﷺ Tabuk tomon yurishdan oldin Madinada lashkarning qudratini ham namoyish qildilar. Shu sababli Allohning Elchisi ﷺ shunday degandilar: "Dushmanda bir oylik yo'l masofasidagi qo'rquv orqali menga g'alaba berildi."

Therefore, fighting the enemy would not become lawful until the call to Islam had been delivered to the people. The scholars have stressed that it is unlawful for us to fight those who have not received the Islamic call. Thus, public opinion about Islam, and the conveyance of a true image of Islam, together with attempts to allow the Islamic laws to reach the people in order to enable them to realize that Islam offers them a true salvation should precede any fighting. The Islamic State should undertake political work such as giving a clear picture of Islam and explaining its concepts, campaigning and advertising Islam. Such moves should include muscle flexing and displaying the might of the Islamic State, including the courage and resolve of the Muslims. The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) would perform such maneuvers. He (pbuh) would send envoys to the heart of the disbelieving countries. On one occasion he (pbuh) sent forty men to the people of Najd to convey the Message of Islam. He (pbuh) also displayed the might of the army in Madinah before he went to Tabuk. This was why the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said, “I was given the victory through the fear in the enemy, of a month’s marching distance.”.