Nan da nan bayan an rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar Hudaibiyya tsakanin Manzon Allah ﷺ da Quraishawa, kabilar Khuza'a ta shiga karkashin kariyar Manzon Allah ﷺ, sannan Banu Bakr kuma suka goyi bayan Quraishawa. Dangantaka tsakanin Quraishawa da Manzon Allah ﷺ ta ci gaba da zama cikin zaman lafiya, kuma bangarorin biyu suka ci gaba da harkokin kasuwancinsu. Quraishawa sun fadada cinikayyarsu domin rama abin da suka rasa a lokacin yakin da suka yi da Musulmi. Manzon Allah ﷺ kuwa ya ci gaba da aikinsa na isar da sakon Musulunci ga dukkan bil'adama, yayin da yake karfafa matsayin Daular Musulunci a fadin Tsibirin Larabawa tare da samar da tsaro da kwanciyar hankali a cikin daular kanta.

As soon as the treaty of Hudaybiyah was signed between the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) and the Quraysh, the tribe of Khuza’ah came under the protection of Allah’s Messenger (pbuh) and Banu Bakr sided with the Quraysh. Relations between the Quraysh and the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) remained peaceful and both sides resumed their business. The Quraysh expanded their trade in order to make up for what they had lost during the wars against the Muslims. Allah’s Messenger (pbuh) pursued his task of conveying the Message of Islam to the whole of mankind while simultaneously strengthening the position of the Islamic State over the Arabian Peninsula and providing safety and security within the State itself.

Manzon Allah ﷺ ya ci kagaggun Yahudawa a Khaybar, sannan ya aika da wakilansa zuwa ga sarakunan jihohi daban-daban, ya kuma kafa dangantakar diflomasiyya da ƙasashen waje. Ya faɗaɗa ikon Daular Musulunci har ya game dukkan Tsibirin Larabawa. Sa'an nan, daidai shekara guda bayan Hudaibiyya, Manzon Allah ﷺ ya kira mutane su shirya domin ‘Umratul Ƙada’ (yin Umrah da aka rasa a Hudaibiyya), saboda an hana su yin ta a shekarar da ta gabata. Ayarin mutum dubu biyu suka tashi daga Madina, kuma bisa ga yarjejeniyar Hudaibiyya, babu ɗaya daga cikin mutanen da ya ɗauki fiye da takobi ɗaya a cikin kubensa, kamar yadda yarjejeniyar ta tanada.

The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) defeated the Jewish fortifications at Khaybar and then he (pbuh) sent his envoys to the kings of various states and established foreign contacts. He (pbuh) expanded the authority of the Islamic State to the point where it engulfed the whole of the Arabian Peninsula. Then exactly one year after al-Hudaybiyah the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) called on the people to prepare for the ‘Umra ul Qada (making up the Umrah missed at Hudaybiyah) having been excluded from performing it the previous year. A convoy of two thousand men marched from Madinah and, in accordance with the Hudaybiyah agreement, none of the men carried more than the single sword in its sheath as prescribed by it.

Amma Manzon Allah (ﷺ) ya ji tsoron cin amana daga Quraishawa, sai ya shirya runduna ta mahaya dari, ya nada Muhammad ibn Maslama ya jagorance ta, tare da umarni da ya jagoranci ayarin, amma kada ya keta alfarmar Makka, kuma suka bi umarnin. Musulmai sun ci gaba da yin Umrah da aka cika, suka koma Madina ba tare da wata matsala ba. Bayan dawowarsu Madina, mutanen Makka suka fara karbar Musulunci. Khalid ibn al-Walid, ‘Amr ibn al-‘As, da mai kula da Ka’aba, ‘Uthman ibn Talha, suka karbi Musulunci, sannan mutane da yawa daga Makka suka biyo baya. Musulmai sun kara karfi kowace rana, yayin da tsoro da rauni suka shiga cikin hafsoshin Quraishawa.

However, the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) feared betrayal by the Quraysh and he prepared an army of a hundred riders appointing Muhammad ibn Maslamah at its head, with instructions to lead the convoy, but not to trespass the sanctity of Makkah, which they duly obeyed. The Muslims went on to perform the fulfilled ‘Umrah and they returned to Madinah without incident. After their return to Madinah the people of Makkah began embracing Islam. Khalid ibn al- Walid, ‘Amr ibn al-’As and the guardian of the Ka’bah, ‘Uthman ibn Talhah embraced Islam, followed by a large number of people from Makkah. The Muslims grew stronger by the day, whereas fear and weakness crept into the Quraysh’s ranks.

Lokacin da musulmai suka dawo daga yakin Mu'tah, suna da yawan asarar rayuka, Quraishawa sun yi tunanin cewa musulmai sun gama, sai suka ƙarfafa kabilar Banu Bakr su kai hari kan Khuza'ah, suka kuma ba su makamai. Banu Bakr sun kai wa Khuza'ah hari, suka kashe wasu daga cikin mutanensu, sauran Khuza'ah kuwa suka gudu zuwa Makkah suna neman mafaka. 'Amru ibn Salim al-Khuza'i ya yi gaggawar zuwa Madinah, ya faɗa wa Manzon Allah ﷺ abin da ya faru, yana roƙon taimakonsa. Manzon Allah ﷺ ya ce: "Allah ya taimake ka, ya 'Amru ibn Salim."

When the Muslims returned from the battle of Mu’tah, having suffered a large number of casualties, the Quraysh deemed that the Muslims were finished, so they motivated the tribe of Banu Bakr against Khuza’ah and supplied them with weapons. Banu Bakr attacked Khuza’ah killing some of their men and the remaining Khuza’ah fled to Makkah for refuge. ‘Amru ibn Salim al-Khuza’i then hurried to Madinah and told the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) what had happened and implored his help. The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) replied, “May you be helped, O ‘Amru ibn Salim.”.

Sai Manzon Allah (ﷺ) ya yanke shawarar cewa wannan keta yarjejeniyar da Quraishawa suka yi ba za a yi watsi da ita ba, kuma ba za a gyara ta ba sai ta hanyar cin Makka. Quraishawa sun ji tsoron sakamakon karya yarjejeniyar, don haka suka aika Abu Sufyan zuwa Madina da niyyar ƙarfafa yarjejeniyar ta hanyar neman a tsawaita ta. Sai dai Abu Sufyan bai je kai tsaye wajen Manzon Allah (ﷺ) ba, maimakon haka ya je gidan 'yarsa Umm Habibah, matar Manzon Allah (ﷺ). Yayin da ya nufi zama a kan gadon Manzon Allah (ﷺ) sai ta naɗe shi don kada ya zauna a kansa. Lokacin da mahaifinta ya tambaye ta ko ta naɗe shi ne saboda ya yi ƙasa da zama a kansa, ko kuwa saboda gadon ya yi daraja a gare shi, sai ta amsa da cewa, "Gadon Manzon Allah ne, kai kuwa mushriki ne mai ƙazanta, don haka ba na so ka zauna a kansa." Abu Sufyan ya ce, "Na rantse da Allah, tun da kika bar ni kin zama mugunya." Sai ya tashi cikin fushi.

Upon this the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) decided that this breach of the treaty by the Quraysh could not be ignored nor could it be corrected except by the conquest of Makkah. The Quraysh became afraid of the consequences of breaking the treaty, so they sent Abu Sufyan to Madinah with the aim of strengthening the treaty by asking for an extension. However, Abu Sufyan did not go directly to meet Allah’s Messenger (pbuh) and instead went to the home of his daughter Umm Habibah, wife of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh). As he moved to sit on the Messenger of Allah’s bed she folded it up so that he could not sit on it. When her father asked her whether she had folded it because he was too good for it or whether it was too good for him, she replied, “It is the Messenger of Allah’s bed and you are a filthy polytheist so I do not want you to sit on it.” Abu Sufyan replied, “By Allah since you left me you have turned bad.” He then left in a rage.

Daga baya Abu Sufyan ya samu damar yin magana da Manzon Allah ﷺ, yana neman a tsawaita yarjejeniyar da yake matukar so, amma bai samu amsa ba, domin an yi watsi da shi gaba daya. Sai ya tafi wajen Abu Bakar ya roke shi da ya yi magana da Manzon Allah ﷺ a madadinsa. Abu Bakar ya ki yin haka. Sannan ya tafi wajen ‘Umar ibn al-Khattab, wanda ya tsawata masa sosai yana cewa, “Shin zan yi maka shiga tsakani wajen Manzon Allah ﷺ? Don Allah, ko da ina da tsuntsun kuda guda kawai, zan yake ka da shi.” A karshe ya tafi wajen ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib, wanda yana tare da Fatima, ya roke shi da ya yi masa shiga tsakani wajen Manzon Allah ﷺ. ‘Ali ya amsa da cewa idan Manzon Allah ﷺ ya kudurta wani abu, to babu amfanin kowa ya yi kokarin hana shi. Sannan ya juya ga Fatima ya roke ta da ta bari danta Hasan ya zama mai ba da kariya tsakanin mutane. Ta ce, “Babu wanda zai iya ba da kariya ga Manzon Allah ﷺ.” A wannan lokaci Abu Sufyan ya yanke kauna, sai ya tashi ya koma Makkah nan da nan, inda ya fada wa mutanensa abin da ya gani a Madina. A halin da ake ciki, Manzon Allah ﷺ ya umarci mutanensa su shirya domin yaki, sai ya yi tafiya tare da su zuwa Makkah. Yana fatan ya kama Quraishawa ba zato ba tsammani, domin ya tilasta musu mika wuya, don haka a kauce wa zubar da jini.

Later Abu Sufyan managed to talk to the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) and to ask for the extension to the treaty which he so badly desired, but he did not receive any reply as he was ignored completely. Next he went to Abu Bakr and pleaded with him to speak to the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) on his behalf. Abu Bakr refused to do so. Then he approached ‘Umar ibn al-Khattab who rebuked him harshly saying, “Should I intercede for you with the Messenger of Allah? By Allah if I had only an ant I would fight you with it.” Finally he went to see ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib who was with Fatimah and he appealed to him to intercede with the Messenger of Allah (pbuh). ‘Ali answered that if the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) had determined a thing then it was useless for anyone to try to talk him out of it. Turning to Fatimah he asked her to let her son Hasan be a protector between men. She said, “None could give protection against the Messenger of Allah.” At this point Abu Sufyan became desperate and he rode off shortly back to Makkah where he told his people about his experience in Madinah. Meanwhile, the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) urged his people to prepare for battle and he marched with them towards Makkah. He (pbuh) was hoping to take the Quraysh by surprise in order to force them to surrender and thus avoid bloodshed.

Rundunar Musulmi mai yawan mutum dubu goma ta tashi daga Madina don cin nasara a kan Makka. A ƙarshe suka isa Marr al-Dahran, wanda yake kimanin kilomita biyar daga Makka, ba tare da sanin Quraishawa ba. Duk da haka, Quraishawa sun yi tsammanin mamayewa, kuma shugabanninsu suna ci gaba da muhawara kan yadda za su mayar da martani. A wannan lokaci, Abu Sufyan, wanda koyaushe yake a faɗake, ya fita don duba haɗarin da ke barazana ga Makka, sai ya gamu da al-'Abbas, wanda a lokacin ya riga ya karɓi Musulunci. Yana hawan farin alfadarin Manzon Allah ﷺ, yana kan manufa ta gargaɗin Quraishawa su nemi kariya ko kuma su fuskanci hallaka daga Musulmai, tun da Quraishawa ba su da ƙarfin tsayayya wa hanyar Manzon Allah ﷺ. Al-'Abbas ya ce wa Abu Sufyan, "Wannan shi ne Manzon Allah ﷺ da rundunarsa, kuma ina tsoro a kanka da kan Quraishawa idan ya shiga Makka da ƙarfi." Abu Sufyan ya tambaya, "Me za a yi?" Al-'Abbas ya roƙe shi ya hau bayansa, su tafi tare don saduwa da Manzon Allah ﷺ da neman kariyarsa. Yayin da suke wucewa ta sansanin Musulmai, sun wuce wutar 'Umar. 'Umar ya gane alfadarin Manzon ﷺ, ya kuma hango abokin gābarsa mai tsananin ƙiyayya, Abu Sufyan.

The Muslim army numbering ten thousand set off from Madinah to conquer Makkah. They eventually reached Marr al-Dahran, which was about five kilometers from Makkah, without the knowledge of the Quraysh. Although, the Quraysh expected an invasion and their leaders were still debating how they should counter it. During this time, the ever vigilant Abu Sufyan came out to assess the danger that was looming over Makkah when he was met by al- ‘Abbas, who had by then accepted Islam. He was riding the Messenger of Allah’s white mule on an errand to warn the Quraysh to seek protection or face annihilation from the Muslims, since the Quraysh were not in a position to stand in the Messenger of Allah’s way. Al-‘Abbas said to Abu Sufyan, “This is the Messenger of Allah and his army and I fear for you and the Quraysh if he should enter Makkah by force.” Abu Sufyan asked, “What is there to do?” Al- ‘Abbas asked him to ride behind him and together they would go to meet the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) and seek his protection. As they proceeded through the Muslim encampment, they passed by ‘Umar’s fire. ‘Umar recognized the Messenger’s mule and also spotted his implacable enemy Abu Sufyan.

Da yake ‘Abbas ya so ya nemi kariya ga Abu Sufyan, sai ‘Umar ya yi gaggawar zuwa ga alfarwar da Manzon Allah ﷺ yake, don ya roƙe shi ya yanke wa Abu Sufyan kai. Amma al-‘Abbas ya yi sauri ya isa wurin a kan alfadarinsa kafin ‘Umar, yana shiga yana cewa, “Ya Manzon Allah, na ba shi kariyata.” Sai aka yi gardama mai tsanani tsakanin ‘Umar da al-‘Abbas, sai Manzon Allah ﷺ ya ce wa al-‘Abbas, “Ka kai shi gidanka, ka dawo da shi da safe.” Washegari aka kawo Abu Sufyan wurin Manzon Allah ﷺ, sai ya karɓi Musulunci.

Realizing that al-‘Abbas wanted to seek protection for Abu Sufyan, ‘Umar dashed to the tent where the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) was in order to ask him to cut off Abu Sufyan’s head. However, al-‘Abbas galloped his mule there ahead of ‘Umar exclaiming as he entered, “O Messenger of Allah, I have offered him my protection.” A serious argument between ‘Umar and al-‘Abbas arose, whereupon the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said to al-‘Abbas, “Take him away to your quarters and bring him back in the morning.” The next day Abu Sufyan was brought to the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) whereupon he embraced Islam.

Al-‘Abbas ya ce wa Manzon Allah ﷺ, "Ya Manzon Allah! Abu Sufyan mutum ne mai son a sami wani dalili da zai sa shi alfahari, ba za ka yi wani abu dominsa ba?" Da jin haka, Manzon Allah ﷺ ya yi shela cewa, "Duk wanda ya shiga gidan Abu Sufyan, to ya tsira, kuma duk wanda ya kulle kofarsa, to ya tsira, kuma duk wanda ya shiga Masallaci, to ya tsira." Sa'an nan Manzon Allah ﷺ ya umarta a tsare Abu Sufyan a kunkuntar wurin kwarin inda dutse ya fito, domin dukan rundunar Musulmi ta wuce da shi, kuma ya gan su. Bayan haka, ya koma da gudu wurin mutanensa yana ihu da babbar murya, "Wannan Muhammadu ne ya zo muku da wata runduna da ba za ku iya tsayayya da ita ba. Duk wanda ya shiga gidan Abu Sufyan, to ya tsira, kuma duk wanda ya kulle kofarsa, to ya tsira, kuma duk wanda ya shiga Masallaci, to ya tsira." Da jin haka, Quraishawa suka daina tsayayya. Sa'an nan Manzon Allah ﷺ ya yi tafiya ya shiga Makkah, yana kasancewa a faɗake. Ya riga ya umarci kwamandojinsa su raba rundunar zuwa rukuni huɗu, kada su yi yaƙi ko zubar da jini sai dai idan an tilasta musu. Rundunar ta shiga Makkah ba tare da wata tsayayya ba, sai dai rukunin Khalid ibn al-Walid, wanda ya magance shi da sauri.

Al-‘Abbas said to the Messenger of Allah (pbuh), “O Messenger of Allah! Abu Sufyan is a man who likes to have some cause for pride, could you not do something for him?” Upon hearing this Allah’s Messenger (pbuh) proclaimed that, “He who enters Abu Sufyan’s house is safe, and he who locks his door is safe, and he who enters the Masjid is safe.” Allah’s Messenger (pbuh) then ordered that Abu Sufyan be detained in the narrow part of the valley where the mountain projected so that the whole Muslim army would pass by him and he would see them. Afterwards, he hurried back to his people shouting at the top of his voice, “This is Muhammad who has come to you with a force you cannot resist. He who enters Abu Sufyan’s house is safe, and he who locks his door is safe, and he who enters the Masjid is safe.” On hearing this the Quraysh aborted their resistance. Then the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) marched and entered Makkah, while remaining on the alert. He (pbuh) had instructed his commanders to split into four divisions and not to fight or shed any blood unless they were forced to do so. The army entered Makkah meeting no resistance except the division of Khalid ibn al-Walid, who quickly dealt with it.

Manzon Allah (ﷺ) ya sauka a saman Makkah inda ya tsaya na ɗan lokaci kafin ya nufi Ka'aba, wadda ya yi dawafi da ita sau bakwai. Sannan ya kira 'Uthman ibn Talhah, shi kuwa ya buɗe Ka'aba. Mutane suka taru kewaye da shi, sai ya yi musu jawabi ta hanyar karanta ayar:

The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) dismounted at the top of Makkah where he stopped for awhile before marching towards the Ka’bah, which he circumambulated seven times. He (pbuh) then summoned ‘Uthman ibn Talhah and he opened the Ka’bah. People gathered around him, and he (pbuh) addressed them by reciting the verse,

"Ya ku mutane, Mun halicce ku daga namiji da mace, kuma Muka sanya ku zuwa al'ummai da kabilu, domin ku san juna. Lalle ne, mafi girma a cikinku a wurin Allah shi ne wanda yake da taqwa. Lalle ne, Allah Masani ne, Mai cikakken sani." [Al-Hujurat, 49:13].

“O mankind, We created you from male and female, and made you into peoples and tribes, that you may know one another. Verily, the most honourable of you in the sight of Allah is that who has “At-Taqwa”. Verily, Allah is All knowing. All-Aware.” [Al-Hujurat, 49:13].

Sai Manzon Allah ﷺ ya tambaya, "Ya ku mutanen Kuraishawa, me kuke tsammani zan yi muku?" Suka amsa, "Alheri! Kai ɗan'uwa ne mai daraja, ɗan ɗan'uwa mai daraja." Sai ya ce, "To ku tafi, domin ku 'yantattu ne." A cikin Ka'aba, Manzon Allah ﷺ ya umarta a rushe hotunan mala'iku da annabawan da ke ƙawata bangonta. Ya kuma tarar da wata kurciya da aka yi da itace, sai ya karya ta a hannunsa, ya kuma jefar da ita. A ƙarshe, Manzon Allah ﷺ ya nuna gumakan da yawa da ke wurin da sanda a hannunsa, sai ya karanta aya cewa,

Then the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) asked, “O Quraysh, what do you think I am about to do with you ?” They replied, “Good! You are a noble brother, son of a noble brother.” He (pbuh) said, “Go your own way for you are free.” Inside the Ka’bah, the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) ordered the pictures of angels and prophets which were decorating its walls to be torn down. He (pbuh) also found a dove made out of wood which he broke in his hands and then threw it away. Lastly, Allah’s Messenger (pbuh) pointed to the multitude of idols present with a stick in his hand and he recited the verse,

"Kuma ka ce: Gaskiya ta zo, batanci kuma ya ɓace. Lalle ne! Batanci ya kasance mai ɓacewa koyaushe." [Al-Isra'i, 17:81]

“And say: Truth has come and Batil has vanished. Surely! Batil is ever bound to vanish.” [Al-Isra, 17:81].

Duk gumakan suka faɗi a kan bayansu ɗaya bayan ɗaya, sannan aka ƙone su, aka farfasa su, aka kuma zubar da su. Yanzu dai gidan mai tsarki ya samu tsarkakewa.

All the idols collapsed onto their backs one after the other, then they were burned, broken up and disposed of. Now the sacred house was finally purified.

Manzon Allah ﷺ ya zauna a Makkah na kwanaki goma sha biyar, a cikin wannan lokacin ya tsara al'amuran garin kuma ya koyar da mutane Musulunci ﷺ.

The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) remained in Makkah for fifteen days, during which time he (pbuh) organized its affairs and taught the people Islam.

Ta haka Makka ta sami 'yanci gaba ɗaya, kuma sakamakon haka, babban cikas da ke tsaye a hanyar yaƙin Musulunci ya ƙare a ƙarshe. An samu wannan babbar nasara ne tare da ƴan ƙananan wuraren juriya kawai, kamar Hunayn da birnin Ta'if, da suka rage a Yankin Larabawa. Ba a yi tsammanin za su zama masu wahalar kawarwa ba.

Thus was Makkah completely liberated and as a result the main obstacle standing in the way of the Islamic campaign had finally been overcome. The great victory was achieved with only a few pockets of resistance, such as Hunayn and the city of Ta’if, remaining in the Arabian Peninsula. These were not expected to prove difficult to remove.