Mustafa Kamol mayiz 1919-yilgacha o‘z g‘oyalarini tarqatish va tarafdorlar to‘plashdan boshqa biror ish qilishdan tiyildi. Mayiz 1919-yilga kelib esa uning navbati keldi va ittifoqchilar o‘z maqsadlariga erishish uchun boshqacha uslubda ish boshladilar. Bu maqsad Turkiyani Usmonli davlatining boshqa hududlaridan ajratish, Xilofatni barbod qilish va Turk respublikasini barpo etish edi.

Mustafa Kemal refrained from undertaking any other activity apart from spreading his thoughts and gathering supporters until May 1919, when his turn came and the allies started working in a different style to achieve their objective, i.e that of separating Turkey from the other parts of the Ottoman State, destroying the Khilafah and establishing a Turkish republic.

Bu ularning siyosiy inqiroz keltirib chiqarish va o‘z agentlarini qonuniy va huquqiy yo‘llar orqali hokimiyatga o‘tkazish urinishlari muvaffaqiyatsizlikka uchraganidan keyin yuz berdi. Ularning harakatlari siyosiy, xalqaro va inqilobiy xarakterga ega edi. Ularni harakatga keltirgan narsa Italiyaning o‘z o‘ljasi sifatida Kilikiyani egallashga bo‘lgan qat’iy intilishi edi. Shu sababli Britaniya, to‘g‘ridan-to‘g‘ri Turkiya ichkarisidan ittifoqchilarga qarshi harakat qilmas ekan, o‘z rejasini Turkiyada amalga oshira olmasligini, raqiblari bo‘lgan Fransiya va Italiyani Turkiyaning strategik pozitsiyalaridan chetlatib, ularni quvib chiqara olmasligini anglab yetdi. Italiya 1919 yil aprel oyida Antaliya shahrini va atrofdagi mulklarni egallagach, shuningdek, Yugoslaviyaga tegishli bo‘lgan Fayumni egallagach, ittifoqchilar nomidan Izmirni egallashga urindi.

This took place once their endeavours to cause a political crisis and place their agents in power through legitimate and legal means had failed. Their actions were political, international and revolutionary. What prompted them was Italy’s persistence to seize Cilicia as part of her spoils. Hence, Britain realised that as long as she does not operate from within Turkey proper against the allies, she would not be able to execute her plan in Turkey and chase her opponents, France and Italy, from Turkey’s strategic positions. Once Italy had occupied the city of Antalia and the surrounding estates in April 1919, and once she had occupied Fayum, which was part of Yugoslavia, she attempted to occupy Izmir on behalf of the Allies.

Buyuk Britaniya va Fransiya uning harakatiga qarshi chiqdi va unga qarshi turib, Izmir yoki Anadoluning g'arbiy qirg'oq chizig'ini egallashiga yo'l qo'ymaslikka qaror qildi.

Britain and France opposed her move and decided to confront her and prevent her from occupying Izmir or the western coastline of Anatolia.

Shundan so‘ng ular Antaliyani egallashiga e’tiroz bildira boshladilar, bu esa unga O‘rta dengizning sharqiy qismi ustidan nazorat o‘rnatish imkonini berishini ta’kidlashdi. Britaniya, Fransiya, Italiya va Rossiya o‘rtasida imzolangan, Italiyaning Izmir va g‘arbiy qirg‘oq hududlarini egallashini ma’qullagan shartnoma esa haqiqiy emas deb hisoblandi, chunki Rossiya urushdan chiqib ketgan va uni hech qachon imzolamagan edi. Shundan keyin ular Izmirni egallash bo‘yicha Gretsiya uchun o‘z rejasini ishlab chiqdilar.

Then they started objecting to her occupation of Antalia arguing that this would give her control over the eastern side of the Mediterranean. The treaty that had been signed between Britain, France, Italy and Russia, endorsing Italy’s occupation of Izmir and the western coastline, was considered null and void because Russia had withdrawn form the war and never signed it. They then laid their plan for Greece to occupy Izmir.

Ular bu rejani amalga oshirishga bir tomondan kirishdilar. Boshqa tomondan, Britaniya bir vaqtning o'zida Anatoliyada, Kichik Osiyo ichida tartibsizliklar boshlangani, talonchilik, o'g'irlik va bosqinchilik keng tarqalgani va bu holat xavotirli darajada ortib borayotgani haqida da'vo qildi. U, shuningdek, xavfsizlik kuchlari mamlakat bo'ylab maqsadsiz aylanib yurganini, qonun-tartibga rioya qilish zarurligini va xavfsizlikni buzuvchilar bilan kurashish uchun qat'iy choralar ko'rish kerakligini ta'kidladi. Shu sababli Britaniya Istanbuldagi hukumatdan sharqiy viloyatlarga kuchli qo'l bo'lgan bir kishini yuborishni va unga qonun-tartibni tiklash hamda hukumat hokimiyatini qayta o'rnatish vazifasini topshirishni talab qildi.

They set about executing this plan on the one hand. On the other hand, Britain simultaneously claimed that disturbances had broken out in Anatolia, inside Asia Minor, and that robberies, looting and pillaging had become widespread and that it was on an alarming increase. She claimed also that the security forces had been roaming the country aimlessly, streesing that law and order must be observed and that a heavy handed approach was required to deal with those who breached security. Hence, Britain demanded from the government in Istanbul to send a strong man to the eastern provinces and assign to him the task of restoring law and order and re-establishing the government’s authority.

U norasmiy ravishda u ham Mustafa Kamolni bu lavozimni egallashga tavsiya qildi.

She also unofficially recommended Mustafa Kemal to assume this role.

Harbiy vazirlikka bu masala yuzasidan murojaat qilindi va vazirlikning oliy maslahatchisi Javod posho buni ma'qulladi. U Mustafa Kamol haqida hech narsa bilmas edi, ammo harbiy vazir Kamolning niyatlaridan shubhalanardi, chunki u uning rejalaridan xabardor edi. Shunga qaramay, u darhol rozi bo'ldi va Mustafa Kamolga xabarni yetkazdi. Mustafa Kamol esa sharqiy viloyatlarda tartibsizliklar avj olgan bir paytda tezkor tergov o'tkazish va tegishli choralarni amalga oshirish uchun unga keng vakolatlar berilishi va uning qarorlari majburiy bo'lishi zarurligini aytdi. Vazirlik uning barcha talablariga rozi bo'ldi.

The war ministry was approached pertaining this issue and Jawad Pasha, the Senior Adviser at the war ministry, approved. He knew nothing of Mustafa Kemal, but the war minister was suspicious of Kemal’s intentions, for he was aware of his plans. Nevertheless, he immediately agreed and broke the news to Mustafa Kemal, who replied that for a speedy investigation to be carried out and for the appropriate measures to be executed while unrest was rampant in the eastern provinces, this would inevitably require that he be given wide powers and for his decisions to be binding. The ministry agreed to all his demands.

Mustafa Kamol o'sha paytgacha jim va xotirjam edi. Hech kim uning sultonga va hukumatga nisbatan dushmanlik tuyg'ularini ichida saqlab yurganini bilmas edi, chunki u qo'llab-quvvatlovchilarini butunlay yashirincha to'plardi. Keng majburiy vakolatlarga ega bo'lish ishtiyoqi uni dastlab unga topshirilgan ko'rsatmalarni rad etishga undadi. U ularni qayta ko'rib chiqdi va o'zi ko'zlagan maqsadga erishishga mo'ljallangan shaklda yangidan yozdi. Ko'rsatmalarni ko'rib chiqqach, u o'zining shaklini Bosh vazirga taqdim etdi, bosh vazir esa ularni tekshirmasdan imzoladi. So'ng u hujjatlarni urush vaziriga olib bordi, vazir avvaliga ikkilanib turdi, keyin imzoladi. Nusxalar Britaniya Oliy komissariga, ittifoqchi kuchlarning bosh qo'mondoni Harringtonga hamda ittifoqchi kuchlarning barcha ofitserlariga yuborildi.

Mustafa Kemal had been up until then silent and calm. No one knew that he harboured feelings of hostility towards the Sultan and the government, for he used to gather supporters in total secrecy. His eagerness to acquire wide mandatory powers led him to reject the instructions handed to him at first. He reviewed them and wrote them anew in a format designed to achieve the goal he was aiming for. Having reviewed the instructions, he then presented his own format to the Prime Minister who signed it without checking them. He then took them to the war minister who at first hesitated and then signed. Copies were dispatched to the British High Commissioner, to Harrington, the General Commander of the allied forces, and to all the officers of the allied forces.

Shuni ta'kidlash joizki, faqat Britaniya bu tartibsizliklarni bartaraf etishga haddan tashqari katta e'tibor va intilish ko'rsatgan yagona davlat edi. Frantsiyaga kelsak, u mag'lub bo'lgan bu imperiyada hech qanday xavotirli g'alayonlar yuzaga kelishini kutmagan edi, shuning uchun ularga hech qanday e'tibor bermadi.

What is worth mentioning is that Britain alone was the only country to show excessive concern and desire to quell the unrest. As for France, she never expected the breakout of any alarming disturbances in this vanquished empire, hence she did not pay them any attention.

Shunga qaramay, Mustafa Kamol o'z ko'rsatmalarini olib, zarur bo'lgan barcha vakolatlarni qo'lga kiritgach, 15-may kuni kichik "Anipoli" kemasiga o'tirib Anatoliyaga yo'l oldi va Qora dengiz orqali Samsunga yetib borishni umid qilib, Istanbuldan jo'nadi.

Nevertheless, once Mustafa Kemal was given his instructions, and once he had secured all the mandatory powers he had wanted, he set sail for Anatolia and left Istanbul on 15th May aboard the small ship Anipoli, hoping to reach Samsun via the Black Sea.

Shu orada, 1919 yilning aprel oyining ikkinchi haftasida Usmonli hukumatiga ma'lum qilindiki, sulh shartlariga oid yettinchi moddaga ko'ra, ittifoqchilar Izmirni egallashga tayyorlanmoqda va bu moddaga binoan ular o'z manfaatlari xavf ostiga tushganda buni amalga oshirish huquqini o'zlarida saqlab qolishgan. Shu sababli Bosh vazir Damad Farid posho Izmir valisiga o'z ko'rsatmalarini berdi. U qo'shinlarni kazarmalarida saqlash zarurligini ta'kidladi va mahalliy aholi o'tkazishi mumkin bo'lgan har qanday namoyishni kuch bilan taqiqlashni unga buyurdi.

Meanwhile, in the second week of April 1919, the Ottoman government was briefed that according to the seventh article pertaining to the terms of the truce, the allies were about to carry out their occupation of Izmir, and that according to this article, they reserved the right to execute this whenever their interests were threatened. Therefore, the Prime Minister Damad Farid Pasha gave his instructions to the Wali of Izmir. He emphasised the need to keep the armies inside their barracks and forced him to ban by force any demonstration which the locals may hold.

1919-yil 14-may kuni Britaniya floti Izmir atrofida sohil yaqinida ko'rindi. Flot qo'mondoni, admiral Kolthorp Valiyga ittifoqchi qo'shinlar tez orada quruqlikka tushishiga tayyor bo'lishni aytdi. So'ng u Valiyni o'ziga kelishga chaqirdi. U kelganida unga dedi: "Hozirgina eshitdim, Izmirga tushib, uni egallaydigan yunonlar bo'ladi." Vali qattiq larzaga tushdi va ishonmay admiralga qaradi. U ko'z yoshlarini tutib turolmadi, ular mo'l-ko'l oqa boshladi va tomog'i bo'g'ilib, xo'rlik va ma'yuslikni ifodalovchi ohangda dedi: "Yunonlar! Izmirni egallash uchun yunonlar keldimi?" Admiral javob berdi: "Bular men Parijdan olgan buyruqlardir." Vali dedi: "Men javobgar emasman va nima bo'lishini oldindan aytib bera olmayman." Qo'mondon unga dedi: "Izmirni yunonlardan boshqa hech kim egallashi mumkin emas. Tushunyapsizmi?" Shunda Vali unga dedi: "Musulmonlarni tinchlantirish va ularga egallashni yunonlar emas, balki ittifoqchilar amalga oshirayotganini va bu egallashning doimiy emas, vaqtinchalik ekanini isbotlash uchun menga faqat sizning uch yuz askaringiz kerak." Qo'mondon javob berdi: "Mumkin emas." Shundan so'ng u suhbatni tugatdi.

On 14th May 1919, the British fleet was seen inshore around Izmir. The commander of the fleet, Admiral Colthorpe, told the Wali to be ready for the allied forces who were about to disembark. Then he summoned the Wali to meet him. When he arrived he said to him : “I have just heard that it will be the Greeks who will be disembarking and occupying Izmir.” The Wali was devastated and looked at the Admiral in disbelief. He could not hold back the tears, so they started flowing profusely and he said with a lump in his throat and in a voice expressing humiliation and dejection : “The Greeks! The Greeks have come to occupy Izmir?” The Admiral replied : “These are the orders I received from Paris.” The Wali said : “I am not responsible and I cannot predict what will happen.” The commander said to him : “It is impossible for other than the Greeks to occupy Izmir. Do you understand?” Upon this the Wali said to him : “I only need three hundred of your soldiers to reassure the Muslims and to prove to them that the occupation is carried out by the allies and not the Greeks, and that this occupation is temporary rather than permanent.” The Commander replied : “Impossible.” Then he ended the conversation.

Ushbu telegramma natijasida Sinop vali o‘z lavozimidan chetlatildi va Bosh vazir, Sulton nomidan ish yuritib, Mustafa Kamol bilan telegrammalar almashdi. Sulton Mustafa Kamolning zudlik bilan qaytishini talab qildi. Biroq Mustafa Kamol rad etdi va shunday degan telegramma yubordi: “Mamlakat mustaqilligi qo‘lga kiritilguncha men Anadoluda qolaman”. Bu ochiq rad etish isyonning birinchi qadami bo‘ldi; u odamlarni to‘plashda va Anadolu bo‘ylab kezishda davom etdi, to isyonni alanga oldirguncha.

As a result of this telegram, the Wali of Sinop was dismissed from his post and telegrams were exchanged between the Prime Minister, acting on behalf of the Sultan, and Mustafa Kemal, with the Sultan insisting that Mustafa Kemal should return immediately. However, Mustafa Kemal refused and sent a telegram in which he said : “I shall remain in Anatolia until the country’s independence is achieved.” This flagrant refusal was the first step towards the rebellion; and he went on gathering people and roaming about Anatolia until he had flared up the rebellion.

Mustafa Kamol shu tarzda isyonini boshladi, bu isyon natijasida Xilofat bekor qilindi va Turkiya Usmonli davlatining boshqa qismlaridan ajralib chiqdi. G'arbliklar nazarida bu Usmonli imperiyasining barbod bo'lishi edi. Ushbu voqealarning o'zidan, hech qanday shubhasiz, shu narsa xulosa qilinadiki, bu isyonni alangalatishni boshlab bergan ingliz edi va Mustafa Kamolni uni amalga oshirish uchun yuborgan ham ular edi. Chunki sharqiy viloyatlarda tartibsizliklar bo'lganini aynan ular da'vo qilishdi, tartibsizliklarni bostirish uchun Mustafa Kamol borishini aynan ular talab qildi, yunonlarni Izmirni egallashga va shunga o'xshash provokatsiyalarni amalga oshirishga aynan ular ilhomlantirdi, ularning flotining homiyligi va himoyasi ostida. Shuningdek, Usmonli hokimiyat uning qaytishi uchun iltimos qilganiga qaramay, Mustafa Kamolni Izmirga aynan ingliz olib keldi va u o'sha provokatsiyalardan darhol foydalanib, atrofiga odamlarni to'plashi uchun yo'l ochib berdi. Bu voqealar ko'p narsani aytib turibdi va har bir kishi barmog'ini qo'yishi mumkin bo'lgan aniq haqiqatni eng yaqqol ko'rsatadi.

This is how Mustafa Kemal started his rebellion which ended in the abolishment of the Khilafah and the severance of Turkey from the other parts of the Ottoman State, or according to the Westerners, the destruction of the Ottoman Empire. From these events alone, one can conclude without any shade of a doubt that it was the British who had initiated everything to flare up this rebellion, and that it was they who had sent Mustafa Kemal to carry it out. For it was they who claimed that there had been disturbances in the eastern provinces, it was they who demanded that Mustafa Kemal should go to quell the disturbances, it was they who inspired the Greeks to occupy Izmir, under the guardianship and protection of their fleet, and to carry out such provocations. Also it was the British who had brought Mustafa Kemal to Izmir, despite the Ottoman authorities’ pleas for him to return, and who paved the way for him to immediately take advantage of those provocations and start gathering people around him. These events speak volumes and indicate most conspicuously the conclusive truth which everyone can put their finger on.