Missioner va madaniy bosqinlar - Xilofat qanday barbod qilindi | Quran Course

Missioner va madaniy bosqinlar - Xilofat qanday barbod qilindi | Quran Course

Missionar qo'mitalarining mavjudligiga qaramay, missionerlarning ta'siri so'ndi va ularning faoliyati faqat Maltada cheklanib qoldi. Biroq 1820 yilda ular faoliyatini qayta tikladilar va Beyrutda birinchi missionerlik markazini tashkil etdilar. Ularning asosiy e'tibori diniy missionerlik ishiga va diniy madaniyatga qaratilgan edi, ta'limga bo'lgan qiziqishlari esa qisman edi.

Despite the presence of the missionary Committees, the effect of the missionaries withered and their activity was confined to Malta. However, in 1820, they renewed their activity and they established the first missionary centre in Beirut. Their main attention was devoted to religious missionary work and religious culture, and their concern with education was partial.

1834-yilda missionerlik ekspeditsiyalari butun Al-Shom bo'ylab tarqaldi. Bu Ibrohim posho tomonidan rag'batlantirilgani, hudud missionerlar oldida keng ochib berilgani, ularga hamdardlik bildirilgani va frantsuzlarning ta'siri va ko'rsatmalari ostida ularga ko'mak berilgani tufayli sodir bo'ldi. O'sha paytga kelib u Al-Shomni – Falastin, Livan va Suriyani – egallagan edi. Shu sababli missionerlarni Ibrohim posho hukumati iliq kutib oldi va qabul qildi, natijada ularning faoliyati kuchaydi.

In 1834, the missionary expeditions spread throughout the whole of Al- Sham. This was due to the encouragement of Ibrahim Pasha, his opening of the area widely before the missionaries, his sympathy towards them and his support for them under the influence and the instructions of the French. By that time he had occupied Al-Sham : Palestine, Lebanon and Syria. Hence, the missionaries were warmly greeted and welcomed by the government of Ibrahim Pasha and consequently their activity intensified.

Shu sababli, Livan shahridagi Ayntura qishlog'ida kollej ochildi va Amerika missiyasi kitoblarni chop etish va nashr qilish uchun o'z bosmaxonasini Beyrutga ko'chirdi. Mashhur bo'lmish amerikalik missioner Eli Smit ayniqsa faol bo'lib ketdi. U Maltada ko'ngilli bo'lib ishlagan va missiya bosmaxonasini nazorat qilib turgan edi. U 1827 yilda Beyrutga keldi, ammo musulmonlardan qo'rqib ketdi va samarasizlikdan zerikdi.

Consequently, a college was opened in the village of Ainturah in Lebanon and the American mission transferred its press to Beirut in order to print and publish books. The infamous American missionary Eli Smith became remarkably active. He had been working in Malta as a volunteer and used to supervise the missions press. He came to Beirut in 1827 but became terrified of the Muslims and weary of the lack of productivity.

U u chidolmay qolganda Maltaga bordi. Keyin 1834-yilda Muhammad Ali va uning o‘g‘li Ibrohim tufayli Bayrut frantsuz ta’siri ostiga tushganda, u Bayrutga qaytib keldi. Missioner va uning xotini qizlar maktabini ochdilar, so‘ngra uning faoliyat doirasi kengaydi. Shu sababli u hayotini, xususan, Bayrutda va umuman Ash-Shom (Suriya) hududida xizmat qilishga bag‘ishladi. Shunday qilib, bu barcha sa’y-harakatlar missionerlik harakatini boshlab berishga yordam berdi.

He went to Malta when he could no longer bear it. He then returned to Beirut in 1834 when it came under French influence thanks to Muhammad Ali and his son Ibrahim. The missionary and his wife opened a female school, then his scope widened. Hence he dedicated his life to working in Beirut in particular and in Al-Sham in general. In this way, all these efforts helped to kick-start the missionary movement.

Ibrohim Poshsho tomonidan Suriyada ta'lim dasturini joriy etish tashabbusi, ilgari Misrda qo'llanilgan bo'lib, frantsuz ta'lim dasturidan olingan edi. Bu missionerlar uchun kofirlar rejalashtirganidek, missionerlik nuqtai nazaridan ta'lim harakatiga hissa qo'shish imkoniyati bo'ldi. Keyinchalik bu matbuot harakatini ham o'z ichiga oldi. Shu tariqa missionerlik harakati faollashdi va ta'lim harakatida yaqqol ko'zga tashlanadigan darajada ishtirok etdi.

The initiative undertaken by Ibrahim Pasha to implement the education curriculum in Syria and which was already applied in Egypt, had been adopted from the French education curriculum. This served as an opportunity for those missionaries, to contribute to the educational movement from a missionary viewpoint, according to what the Kuffar had planned. It then widened to include the press movement. Hence, the missionary movement became active and participated in the educational movement in a conspicuous manner.

1840 yilda Ibrohim posho Shomdan chiqib ketganidan so'ng, Shomda tartibsizlik, betartiblik va g'alayon yoyildi, G'arb elchilari, ayniqsa missionerlar esa Usmonli davlatining ta'sirsizligidan foydalanib, aholi orasida nizolarni avj oldirdilar. Shu sababli 1860 yildagi qirg'inlar sodir bo'ldi. Bu qirg'inlardan so'ng G'arb mamlakatlari aralashdi va Shom sohillariga o'z harbiy kemalarini yubordi. Frantsiya Beyrutga quruqlik qo'shinini tushirdi, bu esa missionerlarning ta'sirini oshirdi va ularning qo'lini mustahkamladi. Frantsuzlar maktab va kollejlar ochishda faol bo'ldilar, iezuitlar esa o'z maktab va kollejlarini ochdilar, ular orasida Sankt-Jozef iezuit universiteti nomi bilan tanilgan iezuit kolleji ham bor edi. 1866 yilda amerikaliklar bugungi kunda Beyrut Amerika universiteti nomi bilan tanilgan Protestant kollejini ochdilar. Bu universitet islom yurtlaridagi eng dahshatli kufr muassasasi hisoblanadi, chunki u islomiy fikrlarga va musulmonlarga qarshi eng shiddatli kampaniyalarni boshlagan hamda minglab musulmon yoshlarining e'tiqodini kufr fikrlariga burishga muvaffaq bo'lgan.

When Ibrahim Pasha withdrew from Al-Sham in 1840 unrest, chaos and disturbance spread in Al-Sham and the Western emissaries, especially the missionaries took advantage of the Ottoman States lack of influence to flare up strife among the population. Hence, the massacres of 1860 took place. In the wake of these massacres, the Western countries intervened and dispatched their warships to the coasts of Al-Sham. France disembarked a land force in Beirut and this increased the influence of the missionaries and strengthened their hand. The French became active in establishing schools and colleges and the Jesuits opened their schools and colleges, among which were the Jesuit College known as the St Joseph Jesuit University and in 1866, the Americans opened the Protestant College known today as the American University of Beirut. This university is considered to be the most horrific Kufr institution in the Islamic lands, for it has launched the fiercest campaigns against the Islamic thoughts and against the Muslims and has managed to shift the allegiance of thousands of Muslim youth towards the Kufr thoughts.

Missionar va madaniy bosqinlarga qaratilgan e'tibor faqat Amerika, Fransiya va Britaniya bilan cheklanmas edi, balki ko'pchilik kofir mamlakatlarni, masalan, Podsholik Rossiyasini ham qamrab oldi, u ko'plab missionerlik ekspeditsiyalarini yubordi. Shuningdek, Prussiya ekspeditsiyasi ham mamlakatga keldi, u Karodt rohibalaridan tuzilgan bo'lib, boshqa missionerlik ekspeditsiyalari bilan birgalikda Islomga qarshi kurashda o'z rolini o'ynadi. Missionerlik ekspeditsiyalari va boshqa G'arb elchilari orasida siyosiy qarashlarda farq bo'lsa-da, ularning siyosiy yondashuvi va manfaatlari borasida ular maqsad yuzasidan bir fikrda edilar. Bu maqsad G'arb madaniyatini Sharqda ilhomlantirish, musulmonlar uchun dinni davlatdan ajratish aqidasini o'rnatish, musulmonlarda o'z dinlari haqida shubhalar uyg'otish, ularni o'z tarixlaridan nafratlanishga va uni mensimaslikka, G'arbni va uning madaniyatini ulug'lashga undash edi. Bularning barchasi Islomga va musulmonlarga nisbatan chuqur nafrat va hurmatsizlik bilan amalga oshirilardi.

The attention given to missionary and cultural invasions was not solely confined to America, France and Britain - it rather engulfed most of the disbelieving countries, such as Tsarist Russia, who dispatched a host of missionary expeditions. A Prussian expedition also arrived in the country, being formed of Karodt nuns who played their part alongside the other missionary expeditions in combating Islam. Despite the difference in political viewpoints amongst the missionary expeditions and the other Western emissaries, as far as their political approach and their interests were concerned, they were of one accord about the objective.This was to inspire the Western culture in the east, establish the Aqeedah of separating the Deen from the state as an Aqeedah for the Muslims, arouse in the Muslims suspicions about their Deen, and to incite them to resent and to scorn their history and to glorify the West and its culture. All of this was with deep hatred and disdain for Islam and Muslims.

Schools va kollejlardan tashqari, ular arab tiliga yo'naltirishni maqsad qilgan harakat ham tashkil etdilar, go'yo xalqni shu til orqali Islomdan uzoqlashtirish va ular "Arabizm" deb atagan narsaga yetaklash uchun. Bu harakatning bayrog'ini nasroniylar ko'tarib bordilar, garchi ular arab tilini yaxshi tushunmasalar ham, chunki Qur'on balog'atini his qila olmas edilar. Shu sababli, aksariyati missionerlik safarlarida xizmat qilgan Maronitlar qadimgi adabiyotni jonlantirish va klassik arab tilining qadimiy xususiyatlarini tiklash haqida fikr almashardilar. Ular orasida Nosif al-Yaziji va Ota Luis Shayxo ham bor edi. Shunday qilib, Maronitlar arab millatchiligi kampaniyasiga boshchilik qildilar va odamlarni uni qabul qilishga undadilar. Ular arab tili uchun kampaniyaga ham boshchilik qilib, odamlarni e'tiborini faqat shunga qaratishga da'vat etdilar. Bundan tashqari, G'arb fikrlarini aks ettiruvchi kitoblar va nashrlar paydo bo'la boshladi va hududni arablarga, arabizmga va arab tiliga tomon kuchli to'lqin qamrab oldi, shu bilan birga Islomga va Islom fikrlariga nisbatan nafrat kuchaydi. Shunday qilib, Beyrut markazi ... zarba berdi:

In addition to the schools and colleges, they established a movement aimed at steering people towards the Arabic language, in order to lead them away from Islam by it, and towards what they called Arabism. The banner of this movement was carried by the Christians, despite their lack of understanding of the Arabic language, due to their inability to appreciate the eloquence of the Quran. Hence the Maronites, most of whom were in the service of the missionary expeditions, used to discuss the revival of the old literature and the restoration of the old characteristics of the classical Arabic language. Among those were Nasif Al-Yaziji and Father Louis Sheikho. Thus, the Maronites headed the campaign for Arab nationalism and encouraged people to adopt it. They also headed the campaign for the Arabic language and encouraged people to confine their attention to it. In addition to this, books and publications carrying Western thoughts started to emerge and a strong wave towards Arabs and Arabism and towards the Arabic language swept the area, coupled by an increased shunning of Islam and the thoughts of Islam. Hence, the Beirut centre dealt a blow to :

Islomning aqoid (e'tiqod) masalalari, islomiy fikrlar va odamlarni G'arb tomon yo'naltirishga muvaffaq bo'lgan.

the Aqaid (doctrines) of Islam, the thoughts of Islam and managed to steer people towards the West.

Ushbu markaz halokatli natijalarga erishdi, ular islomning munosabatlar, muomalalar va hayotning turli jabhalaridan chiqarib tashlanishida hamda oxir-oqibatda Islom davlatining barbod bo'lishida katta ta'sir ko'rsatdi.

This centre achieved disastrous results which had a major effect in the removal of Islam from relationships, transactions, in various aspects of life and ultimately in the destruction of the Islamic State.