Molik ibn Anas (93 hijriy – 179 hijriy) Madinada tug‘ilgan va vafot etgan. Uning ajdodlari Yamandan edi. Islom paydo bo‘lgandan keyin, Musulmon bo‘lgan ajdodlari hijrat qilib, Madinada joylashdilar. U ta’limni Madinada oldi. Madina keng Islom davlatidagi eng yuksak ilm maskani edi va Payg‘ambar ﷺ ning ko‘zga ko‘ringan sahobalarining ko‘pchiligi shu yerda yashardi (roziyallohu anhum). U Abdur-Rahmon ibn Hurmuz huzurida tahsil oldi. U Molikka shunday maslahat berdi: “Olim odamlarga: “Men bilmayman”, deyishni o‘rgatishi kerak”. Imom Molik bu maslahatga amal qildi va butun umri davomida shunga rioya qildi. Bir kishi uning halqasiga kelib, unga savol berdi. Imom Molik javob berdi: “Men bilmayman. Bu savolni boshqa hech kim so‘ramagan... avvalgi olimlar bunday mavzuni hech qachon muhokama qilmaganlar.” So‘ng Imom Molik o‘sha kishiga ertasi kuni qaytib kelishni aytdi, shunda u javob topa olishini ko‘rmoqchi bo‘ldi. Ertasi kuni kelganda ham Imom Molik unga javobi yo‘qligini yana aytdi. Shunda o‘sha kishi unga dunyodagi eng bilimli odam Imom Molik ekanini eshitganini, agar Imom Molik bilmasa, boshqa kim biladi, deb aytdi. Imom Molik esa “Men bilmayman” degan javobida qolaverdi.

Malik ibn Anas (93 AH- 179 AH) was born and passed away in Madinah. His ancestral place was Yemen. After the birth of Islam, his ancestors who had become Muslims migrated to and settled in Madinah. He received his education in Madinah, which was the highest place of learning in the vast Islamic State and housed most of the distinguished Sahabah (ra) of the Prophet (saw).He studied under Abdur-Rahman ibn Hormuz, who advised Malik that: “The „Alim (Scholar) should teach the people to say: “I do not know”. Imam Malik followed and adhered to this advice throughout his life. Once a man attended his Halaqah and asked him a question to which Imam Malik replied: “I do not know, no-one else ever asked this question.... the scholars from before never discussed such a topic.” Then Imam Malik told the man to come back the following day and he would see if he would be able to supply the answer. When the man returned the following day, Imam Malik again told him that he had no answer. The man then told him that he had heard that Imam Malik was the most knowledgeable man in the world, and so if Imam Malik did not know, then who else would know. Imam Malik kept with his answer that he did not know.

Imom Molik Ibn Shihob Az-Zuhriy, Abdulloh ibn Umarning ozod qilingan qulí Nofi‘, Yahyo ibn Sa‘id, Rabi‘a ar-Ra’iy va Ja‘far As-Sodiq huzurida ham ta’lim oldi. Imom Molik ar-Ra’yni Rabi‘adan va Yahyo ibn Sa‘iddan o‘rgandi, hadisni esa Nofi‘dan va Ibn Shihob Az-Zuhriydan o‘rgandi. Shuning uchun aytish mumkinki, Imom Molik hadis va ra’y maktablarining ikkalasidan ham ta’lim olgan, chunki ar-Ra’y Madinada ham o‘qitilgan.

Imam Malik also studied with Ibn Shihaab Az-Zuhri, Nafi‟ the ex-slave of Abdullah bin Umar, Yahya ibn Sa‟eed; Rabiah ar-Ra‟ee; and Jafar As-Sadiq. Imam Malik learned Ar-Ra‟ee from Rabiah and from Yahya ibn Sa‟eed, and he learned Hadith from Naafi‟ and from Ibn Shihaab Az-Zuhri. Therefore, we can say that Imam Malik had studied from both schools of Hadith and Ra‟ee, since Ra‟ee was also being taught in Al-Madinah.

Imom Molik o'zining juda o'tkir xotirasi va tez fikrlashi bilan mashhur edi. U o'z fikrlariga kelish uchun juda chuqur va ehtiyotkorlik bilan o'ylardi va hech qachon fatvo berishga shoshilmasdi. Bir kuni unga bir kishi savol berdi, boshqa bir kishi esa savol juda oson ekanligini aytdi. Imom Molik javob berdi: hukm chiqarishda hech narsa oson yoki arzimas emas. Imom Molik uzoq bahs-munozaralarni ham yoqtirmasdi. Unga bir marta shunday savol berildi: agar kishi hadis va sunnatni juda yaxshi bilsa, u o'z fikrini himoya qilishda davom etishi kerakmi? Imom Molik javob berdi: bunday kishi ortiqcha munozara va bahsga kirmasdan, shunchaki o'z fikrini va dalilini bayon qilishi kerak.

Imam Malik was known for his very sharp memory and quick thinking. He used to think very hard and carefully to arrive at his opinions and never rushed to issue a Fatwa. Once someone asked him a question, and another person remarked that the question was very easy. Imam Malik replied that there is nothing easy or trivial with regard to giving a rule. Imam Malik also disliked lengthy arguments. He was once asked that if a person was very knowledgeable in the Hadith and Sunnah, should that person continue arguing his point. Imam Malik replied that such a person should just issue his opinion and his evidence without engaging in too much of a discussion or debate.

Imom Molikning darslari xotirjamligi, intizomi va o‘qituvchisiga bo‘lgan yuksak hurmati bilan ajralib turardi. Bir safar Madinaga tashrifi chog‘ida Horun ar-Rashid Muvatta (Imom Molik rivoyat qilgan hadislar to‘plami)ni eshitishni xohladi. Horun Imomni chaqirtirdi, Imom esa unga shunday nasihat qildi: “Rashid, hadis ilmi sizning ajdodlaringiz homiylik qilgan ilmdir. Ular unga cheksiz hurmat bilan qarashgan. Agar siz xalifa sifatida unga hurmat ko‘rsatmasangiz, boshqa hech kim ko‘rsatmaydi. Bundan tashqari, odamlar ilm izlab keladi, ilm esa odamlarni izlab bormaydi.” Xalifa Horun ar-Rashid Muvatta va uning shogirdlarini tinglashga rozi bo‘ldi.

Imam Malik‟s classes were characterised by their serenity, discipline and high sense of respect, exhibited by the students for their learned teacher. Once, during his visit to Madinah, Haroon ar Rashid wanted to hear the Muwatta (collection of traditions by Imam Malik). Haroon sent for the Imam who advised him saying, “Rashid, tradition is a learning that used to be patronised by your ancestors. They had utmost regard for it. If you do not respect it as a Khaleefah, no one else will. Furthermore, people come to seek knowledge but knowledge doesn‟t seek people.” Khaleefah Haroon ar Rashid agreed to listen to the Muwatta and his students.

Imom Molikning ilmidan foydalanganlar orasida Mansur, Hodiy, Horun va Ma'mun kabi xalifalar ham bor edi. Abu Hanifa, Shofi'iy va Abu Yusuf kabi olimlar ham, bir nechasini aytish bilan cheklansak, Imom Molikning ta'limotidan bahramand bo'lganlar.

Among the persons who benefited from Imam Malik‟s learning were Khulafa such as Mansoor, Hadi, Haroon, and Mamun. Scholars like Abu Hanifah, Shafi‟i, and Abu Yusuf to name just a few, also benefited from the teachings of Imam Malik.

Imom Molik Umaviylar va Abbosiylar hukmronligi davrida yashagan. U hukmdorlarning siyosatiga to'liq rozi bo'lmagan, ammo isyonchilar safiga qo'shilmagan, balki odamlarga ularning noto'g'ri ishlariga chidamaslikni maslahat bergan. U hukmdorlar bilan bo'ladigan muammolardan xoli bo'lmagan, ayniqsa Abu Ja'far al-Mansur davrida. Imom Molik bir hadisni rivoyat qilgan, unda Payg'ambar ﷺ shunday degan:

Imam Malik lived under the rule of the Ummayyads and the Abbassids. He did not entirely agree with their rule, nor did he join the rebels, but rather he advised that the people should not tolerate their wrong doings. He was not exempt from problems with the rulers, especially during the era of Abu Jafar al-Mansoor. Imam Malik had reported a Hadith in which the Prophet (saw) said:

"Majburlik ostida berilgan qasamning kuchi yo'q", degan hadis bor. O'sha paytda Shia'lardan bir guruh Muhammad Nafsuz-Zakiyya boshchiligida xalifaga qarshi qo'zg'olon ko'tarayotgan edi va ular o'z qo'zg'olonlarining asosi sifatida ushbu hadisga tayanardi. Abu Ja'far al-Mansur Imom Molik bu hadis rivoyat qilinganmi va uni Imom Molik tasdiqlaganmi yoki yo'qmi, aniqlash uchun elchi yubordi. Imom Molik elchiga bu hadisni u rivoyat qilganini aytdi. Xalifa bu javobdan Imom Molikning Shia'larning qo'zg'olonida ishtirok etayotganini tushundi. U qamoqqa olindi va shunchalik qattiq kaltaklandiki, qo'llari shikastlanib, nogiron bo'lib qoldi (shundan keyin Imom Molik namozda qo'llarini yonida erkin tutib o'qir edi). Keyinchalik Abu Ja'far Imom Molik bilan yarashishga harakat qildi. Imom Molik bir safar shunday degan edi:

“There is no oath if given under duress.” At that time some of the Shi‟a, under the leadership of Muhammad Nafsul Zakiyyah were leading a revolt against the Khaleefah, using this Hadith as a basis for their revolt. Abu Jafar al-Mansoor sent a messenger to Imam Malik to ascertain if this Hadith had in fact been reported and supported by Imam Malik. Imam Malik told the Messenger that he had in fact reported that Riwayah, and so the Khaleefah understood from the reply that Imam Malik was a part of the Shi‟a‟s rebellion. He was imprisoned and was beaten very severely to the point that his hands became deformed (Imam Malik after this used to pray with his hands at his side). Afterwards, Abu Jafar tried to reconcile with Imam Malik. Imam Malik once said:

“Haj mavsumida Abu Jafarni ko‘rish uchun qaytib kelganimda, u menga dedi: „Allohga qasamki, sizga bo‘lgan voqea haqida hech kimga buyruq bermaganman. Al-Haramayn xalqi siz ular orasida bo‘lganingiz muddatda yaxshi holatda qoladi. Siz ular bilan bo‘lganingiz uchun Alloh bu Ummatni yuksaltirdi. Men mas’ul bo‘lgan Vali (hokim)ni huzurimga chaqirtirdim va uni qamoqqa tashladim, xo‘rladim, haqoratladim hamda siz jazolangandan ko‘ra ko‘proq jazoladim”.

“When I returned to meet Abu Jafar during the Hajj season, he told me: „I swear by Allah, I did not instruct anyone with what happened to you. The people of Al-Haramayn will remain in a good condition as long as you are with them. Allah lifted up this Ummah as long as you are with them. I ordered the Wali who was responsible to come to me and I have put him in jail, humiliated, insulted and punished him with more than what you were punished”.

Imom Molik davom etdi: "Alloh sizga sog'liq va Qiyomat kuni yaxshi manzil bersin. Men o'sha voliyni kechirdim, chunki u Payg'ambar ﷺ ning qarindoshidir."

Imam Malik continued, “May Allah give you good health and a good destination on the day of Judgment. I have forgiven that Wali since he is a relative of the Prophet (saw).”

Uning "Al-Muvatto" kitobi hadislarning eng qadimgi to'plamlaridan biridir. Imom Molik hadis ilmining eng buyuk olimlaridan biri edi. U, shuningdek, kelgusi avlodlar foydasi uchun o'zining hadis to'plamida isnod (rivoyat zanjiri) natijalarini yozib qoldirgan kam sonli olimlardan biri edi.

His book Al-Muwatta is one of the earliest collections of Ahadith. Imam Malik was one of the greatest scholars in the field of Hadith. He was also one of the few who wrote down the results of his Isnad (chain of reporters) in his collection of Hadith for the benefit of later generations.

U u Mansur davrida yozishni boshlagan va Mahdiy davrida tugatgan. Horun ar-Rashid uni Islom davlatining qonunchilik manbai sifatida qabul qilmoqchi bo‘lgan, ammo Imom Molik rad etgan va uni Ka‘baga osib qo‘yish g‘oyasiga ham qarshi chiqqan. Unga "Al-Mudavvana al-Kubro" kitobi ham nisbat beriladi.

He began writing it during the era of Al Mansoor and finished it during the era of Al Mahdi. Haroon Ar-Rashid wanted to adopt it as a legislative source of Islamic State‟s canons but Imam Malik refused, and was also against the idea of hanging a copy in the Ka‟aba. The book of Al Mudawan Al Kubrah is also attributed to him.

Mashhur Molikiy olimlar qatoriga quyidagilar kiradi:

Well-recognised Maliki scholars include:

Abdurrahmon ibn Qosim.

 Abdur-Rahman ibn Qasim.

Abdul Vahhob Ali al-Bag'dodiy.

 Abdul Wahab Ali al Baghdadi.

Ali ibn Hazm.

 Ali ibn Hazm.

Qozi Iyod.

 Qadi Iyad.

Abu Bakr Muhammad al-Baqillani.

 Abu Bakr Muhammad al Baqillani.

Ibn Rushd, Bidayatul Mujtahid kitobining muallifi.

 Ibn Rushd who wrote Bidayatul Mujtahid.