虽然从军事层面看，这场غزوة并未发展到其应有的规模，但它产生了某些影响：在伊斯兰国家内部引发了一阵动荡，并使伪信徒蒙受耻辱。此外，它还促成了一些巩固性的立法，使伊斯兰社群呈现出高尚、尊严和心灵纯洁的形象。

Though militarily it did not assume its full dimension, this Ghazwah had certain implications that brought about a state of turbulence within the Islamic State, and resulted in disgracefulness to clothe in the hypocrites. Moreover, it entailed enactment of consolidating legislations that attached an impression of nobility, dignity and purity of souls to the Islamic community.

2日沙班月的时候,先知ﷺ得到消息,说Bani Al-Mustaliq部落的首领哈里思·本·迪拉尔(Al-Harith bin Dirar)已集结他的部众,并联合一些阿拉伯人,准备进攻麦地那。先知ﷺ立即派遣Buraidah bin Al-Haseeb Al-Aslami前去核实消息。他与Abi Dirar交谈,后者确认了他发动战争的意图。之后,哈里思又派出一名侦察兵去探查穆斯林的阵地,但此人被俘并被杀。先知ﷺ召集部下,命令他们做好作战准备。出发之前,先知ﷺ委托Zaid bin Haritha处理麦地那的事务并作出安排。异教徒听到穆斯林到来的消息后感到恐惧,与他们同行的阿拉伯人也纷纷倒戈,各自逃命。Abu Bakr被托付持迁士的旗帜,辅士的旗帜则交给了Sa‘d bin ‘Ubada。两支军队驻扎在一个名为Muraisi的水井旁。双方对射了一个小时的箭,之后穆斯林冲上前与敌人交战,这场战斗以穆斯林的全面胜利告终。部分敌人被杀,异教徒的妇女和儿童被俘,穆斯林获得了大量战利品。穆斯林方面只有一人被一名辅士误杀。被俘者中有敌方首领哈里思的女儿Juwairiyah。先知ﷺ迎娶了她,作为补偿,穆斯林释放了一百名皈依伊斯兰的敌方俘虏,他们此后被称为先知的姻亲。

News reached the Prophet (Peace be upon him) on Sha‘ban 2nd. to the effect that the chief of Bani Al-Mustaliq, Al-Harith bin Dirar had mobilised his men, along with some Arabs, to attack Madinah. Buraidah bin Al-Haseeb Al-Aslami was immediately despatched to verify the reports. He had some words with Abi Dirar, who confirmed his intention of war. He later sent a reconnoiterer to explore the positions of the Muslims but he was captured and killed. The Prophet (Peace be upon him) summoned his men and ordered them to prepare for war. Before leaving, Zaid bin Haritha was mandated to see to the affairs of Madinah and dispose them. On hearing the advent of the Muslims, the disbelievers got frightened and the Arabs going with them defected and ran away to their lives. Abu Bakr was entrusted with the banner of the Emigrants, and that of the Helpers went to Sa‘d bin ‘Ubada. The two armies were stationed at a well called Muraisi. Arrow shooting went on for an hour, and then the Muslims rushed and engaged with the enemy in a battle that ended in full victory for the Muslims. Some men were killed, women and children of the disbelievers taken as captives, and a lot of booty fell to the lot of the Muslims. Only one Muslim was killed by mistake by a Helper. Amongst the captives was Juwairiyah, daughter of Al-Harith, chief of the disbelievers. The Prophet (Peace be upon him) married her and, in compensation, the Muslims had to manumit a hundred others of the enemy prisoners who embraced Islam, and were then called the Prophet’s in-laws.

‘Abdullah bin Ubai 是一个可恶的伪君子,他对伊斯兰和穆斯林充满怨恨,因为他认为先知ﷺ剥夺了他对 Al-Aws 和 Al-Khazraj 两个部族的领导权,而这两个部族此前已经一致同意穆罕默德ﷺ的先知身份以及他对她们的领导地位。

‘Abdullah bin Ubai, a terrible hypocrite was full of rancour against Islam and the Muslims because he believed that the Prophet (Peace be upon him) had dispossessed him of his leadership over Al-Aws and Al-Khazraj, two clans already agreed on the Prophethood of Muhammad (Peace be upon him) and his masterhood over them.

"Abdullah"的怨恨在他假装信奉伊斯兰之前就已显露。在白德尔战役之后,他装出自己是穆斯林的样子,但内心深处,他依然是安拉、祂的使者以及所有信士的可怕敌人。他唯一的目标,始终是在穆斯林社群中播下纷争的种子,破坏这新的天启宗教的事业。他的背信行为随处可见,而在乌候德战役中,他企图在穆斯林中制造混乱与分裂的恶毒举动尤为明显。他的伪善与欺诈发展到严重而丑陋的地步:每逢主麻日,在先知发表主麻演说之前不久,他就会站到穆斯林中间,讥讽地对他们说:"这位就是安拉的使者,他借安拉使你们获得尊荣,所以你们必须支持他、服从他、听从他。"说完便坐下。乌候德战役之后的那个主麻日,他也如此行事。他竟如此无礼、傲慢,言辞中无疑透出根深蒂固的怨恨,以至于一些穆斯林揪住他的外袍加以责备,并让他住口。他随即离去,口中吐出粗鲁而讥讽的话语。一位辅士在清真寺门口遇见他,命他返回,向安拉的使者请求安拉的赦免,他却反驳说,自己从来不曾希望他为此祈求。此外,他还与犹太人的另一支部落奈达尔族暗中联络,鼓动他们与他结盟,并许诺支持他们;他这一切行为,都是他在针对穆斯林的漫长阴谋与密谋过程中不懈努力的一部分。安拉关于他在壕沟战役中的背信行为和令人胆寒的企图的经文,清楚地印证了这种伪善的表现。

‘Abdullah’s rancour had appeared before he feigned Islam. Following the battle of Badr, he made pretensions of being a Muslim, but deep at heart, he remained that terrible enemy of Allâh, His Messenger; and all the believers, in general. His sole target had always been to sow the seeds of dissension in the Muslim community, and undermine the cause of the new heavenly religion it has. His treacherous behaviour could be witnessed everywhere but was strikingly evident in his wicked attempts at creating a state of confusion and diamongst the Muslims at Uhud Battle. His hypocrisy and deceit assumed serious and ugly dimensions when he used to stand up among the Muslims shortly before the Prophet’s Friday speech, and mockingly say to them: “This is the Messenger of Allâh, who has honoured you with Allâh, so you have got to support, obey and listen to him,” and then he would sit down. He did the same following Uhud Battle on Friday. He was so rude and presumptuous that his words smacked unmistakingly of deeply-rooted rancour, so that some of the Muslims took him by his cloak reproachingly and silenced him. He immediately left, uttering rude and mocking words. A Helper met him at the Mosque gate and ordered him to return and beg the Messenger for Allâh’s forgiveness, but he retorted that he had never wanted him to ask for that. He, moreover, conducted clandestine contacts with Bani Nadir, another tribe of Jews, encouraging them to make alliance with him and promising support for them; all of this in his ceaseless efforts in a long process of conspiracy and intrigue hatched against the Muslims. Allâh’s Words as regards his treacherous acts and awe-inspiring attempts during the Trench Battle came to testify quite clearly to this mode of hypocrisy:

• “当伪信者和心中有病（即有疑虑）的人说：‘安拉和祂的使者（愿主福安之）许给我们的只是妄想！’”[33:12]。

在这次غزوة中,伪信者几乎在穆斯林内部制造了一场分裂,并对先知ﷺ本人进行了严重而恶劣的诽谤。简言之,他们的行为正是安拉的话语的真实写照:

During this Ghazwah, the hypocrites almost managed to create a sort of discord among the Muslims themselves, coupled with a serious and ugly slander against the Prophet (Peace be upon him) himself. In short, their behaviour was an authentic translation of Allâh’s Words:

“如果他们曾与你们一同出征，他们只会给你们增添混乱，并且会在你们中间奔走，（散布腐败）、挑拨纷争……”[9:47]

• “Had they marched out with you, they would have added to you nothing except disorder, and they would have hurried about in your midst (spreading corruption) and sowing sedition among you …” [9:47].

移民者与辅助者之间险些因伪信者的阴谋与恶意而爆发争吵。先知(愿主赐福他并使他平安)责备他们,称他们的这种行为有蒙昧时代的做法之风。以阿卜杜拉·本·乌拜伊为首的伪信者对穆斯林挫败暗中策划的敌对阴谋和恶毒诡计深感愤怒,发誓说:“最尊贵的人必将把最卑贱的人逐出麦地那。”并且补充道:“他们(穆斯林)人数超过了我们,还与我们分享了我们的土地。你若喂养你的狗,它就会反咬你。”这些话传到先知(愿主赐福他并使他平安)耳中时,德高望重的圣门弟子欧麦尔请求许可杀掉伊本·乌拜伊。先知(愿主赐福他并使他平安)自然拒绝了他的提议,理由是先知被指责杀害自己的族人是不相宜的。相反,他出人意料地让欧麦尔宣布出发。他带领部众行进了两天,直到太阳变得炎热难耐。他们停下来睡着了,这是一个巧妙的举动,用以转移众人对先前事件的注意力。阿卜杜拉之子得知父亲的这一恶行,当队伍抵达麦地那时,他拔出剑来,阻止父亲进入城中,直到父亲承认并宣布自己才是麦地那市民中最卑贱的人,而先知(愿主赐福他并使他平安)才是其中最尊贵的人。如此,这番夸口反噬了他自己。另有传闻说,如果先知(愿主赐福他并使他平安)想要他杀掉父亲,这个儿子也愿意照办。

A quarrel was about to break out between the Emigrants and the Helpers on account of plots and evil intentions designed by the hypocrites. The Prophet (Peace be upon him) told them off describing their misbehaviour as something smacking of pre-Islamic practices. They, hypocrites with ‘Abdullah bin ‘Ubai at their head, were furious for the challenge which the Muslims showed towards the hostile plans and vicious intrigues woven behind closed doors, and swore “the most honourable will expel the meanest out of Madinah,” and added: “They (the Muslims) have outnumbered and shared us our land. If you fatten your dog, it will eat you.” When that talk was reported to the Prophet (Peace be upon him), ‘Umar, a venerable Companion, asked for permission to have Ibn ‘Ubai killed. The Prophet (Peace be upon him) naturally turned down his proposal on the grounds that it did not become of a Prophet (Peace be upon him) to be accused of killing his people. He, on the contrary in an unexpected move, asked ‘Umar to announce departure. He marched with his men for two days until the sun grew too hot. They stopped and fell asleep, a clever attempt at diverting his people’s attention from the previous event. ‘Abdullah’s son heard of that vile of his father and as the party reached Madinah, he drew his sword and barred his father’s entry into the town until he had confessed and declared that he himself was the meanest of the citizens of Madinah and the Prophet (Peace be upon him) the most honourable of them. Thus the boast recoiled on his head. It was also reported that the son was ready to kill his father if the Prophet (Peace be upon him) had wanted him to.

这一极其痛苦的事件发生在先知从对抗banu Mustaliq部落的远征返回的途中。穆斯林军队不得不在离麦地那不远的一处地方停留过夜。在这次远征中,先知ﷺ身边跟随着他高贵而聪慧的妻子阿伊莎(愿真主喜悦她)。恰巧阿伊莎(愿真主喜悦她)在离营地一段距离的地方去方便。回来后,她发现自己的项链掉在了某处。这条项链本身价值并不高,但因为是向一位朋友借来的,阿伊莎(愿真主喜悦她)又出去寻找。等她回来时,令她深感悲痛和羞愧的是,军队已经带着她所乘的骆驼出发了。随从们以为她在驼轿中,因为她当时身形消瘦、非常年轻、体重很轻。她无助地坐下哭泣,直到睡意袭来。 随后走在队伍后面的一位迁士萨凡旺·本·穆阿塔勒认出了她,因为他在经文规定戴面纱之前曾见过她。他一言不发,让她骑上自己的骆驼,自己步行跟在骆驼后面,把她带回了麦地那。麦地那的伪信士们由阿卜杜拉·本·乌拜伊·本·赛鲁勒带头,企图利用这一事件,对阿伊莎(愿真主喜悦她)散布恶毒的流言,不幸的是,一些穆斯林也卷入其中。 抵达麦地那后,先知ﷺ与他的圣门弟子们商议此事,众人的意见各不相同,从休妻到留妻都有。这一事件几乎引发了两个敌对派系奥斯(Al-Aws)与赫兹赖吉(Al-Khazraj)之间的争斗,但先知ﷺ的调解使双方当即平息了争端。阿伊莎(愿真主喜悦她)对流传的谣言一无所知,此后病倒,卧床一个月之久。 当她病愈后,听说了这桩诽谤之事,便请求许可回娘家去探求确切的消息。随后她痛哭不止,在那里待了两天一夜,彻夜不眠,不停地哭泣,以至于觉得自己的肝脏似乎要裂开了。先知ﷺ在她这种状况下前去探望她,在见证了安拉的独一性之后,他对她说:“如果你是清白的,安拉会证明你的清白;否则,你就应当向祂祈求宽恕和赦免。”她停止了哭泣,并请求父母为她说话,但他们无话可说,于是她自己主动开口说道:“如果我告诉你们我是清白的,而安拉知道我确实清白,你们也不会相信我;而如果我承认某件事,而安拉知道我在那件事上是清白的,你们却会相信我。那么,我除了引用约瑟夫(优素福)之父的话之外,别无依靠。”

This extremely painful incident took place on the Prophet’s return from the expedition against Bani Mustaliq. The Muslim army had to halt for a night at a place, a short distance from Madinah. In this expedition, the Prophet (Peace be upon him) was accompanied by his noble and talented wife, ‘Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) As it so happened, ‘Aishah (May Allah be pleased her) went out some distance from the camp to attend to the call of nature. When she returned, she discovered that she had dropped her necklace somewhere. The necklace itself was of no great value, but as it was a loan from a friend, ‘Aishah (May Allah be pleased her) went out again to search for it. On her return, to her great grief and mortification, the army had already marched away with the camel she was riding, her attendants thinking that she was in the litter as she was then thin, very young and light of weight. In her helplessness she sat down and cried till sleep overpowered her. Safwan bin Mu‘attal, an Emigrant, who was coming in the rear recognized her as he had seen her before the verse enjoining the veil was revealed, and brought her on his camel to Madinah without saying a single word to her, himself walking behind the animal. The hypocrites of Madinah led by ‘Abdullah bin ‘Ubai bin Salul, sought to make capital out of this incident and spread a malicious scandal against ‘Aishah (May Allah be pleased her) and unfortunately some of the Muslims also became involved in it. On arrival in Madinah, the Prophet (Peace be upon him) held counsel with his Companions, who pronounced different opinions ranging from divorce to retention. The incident almost roused a fight between two rival factions, Al-Aws and Al-Khazraj, but the Prophet’s intervention silenced both parties on the sport. ‘Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) unaware of the rumours being circulated, fell ill and was confined to bed for a month. On recovering, she heard of the slander and took permission to go and see her parents seeking authentic news. She then burst into tears and stayed for two days and one sleepless night ceaselessly weeping to such an extent that she felt her liver was about to rip open. The Prophet (Peace be upon him) visited her in that situation, and after testifying to the Oneness of Allâh he told her, “If you are innocent, Allâh will acquit you, otherwise, you have to beg for His forgiveness and pardon.” She stopped weeping and asked her parents to speak for her, but they had nothing to say, so she herself took the initiative and said “Should I tell you I am innocent, and Allâh knows that I am surely innocent, you will not believe me; and if I were to admit something of which, Allâh knows, I am innocent, you will believe me, then I will have nothing to make recourse to except the words of the father of Prophet Yusuf (Joseph):