当伊斯兰的召唤臻于完备，这一新信仰主导了整个局面时，安拉的使者ﷺ开始出现一些预示着即将辞世的迹象。这些迹象可以从他的言语和行为中觉察出来：

When the Call to Islam grew complete and the new faith dominated the whole situation. The Messenger of Allâh (Peace be upon him) started to develop certain symptoms that bespoke of leave-taking. They could be perceived through his statements and deeds:

在伊斯兰历第十年的斋月，他闭关十天之久，而在此之前他只闭关十天，这次却是二十天。 Wait, the sentence says he secluded himself twenty days "in contrast to ten, previously." Correct translation: 在伊斯兰历第十年的斋月，与此前的十天相比，他闭关了二十天。

1. In Ramadan in the tenth year of Al-Hijra he secluded himself for twenty days in contrast to ten, previously.

2. 天使长吉卜利勒（加百列）与他两次复习了《古兰经》。 3. 他在辞世朝觐（即“告别朝觐”）时的讲话：

2. The archangel Gabriel reviewed the Qur’ân twice with him. 3. His words in the Farewell Pilgrimage (i.e. Al-Wida‘):

“我不知道在今年之后，我是否还能再次在这个地方与你相见。”

4. “I do not know whether I will ever meet you at this place once again after this current year.”.

5. 《奈സ尔》章在屠宰日（Tashreeq 日）期间降示。当它降示给他时，他意识到那是告别的时刻，而这一章是他即将离世的预告。 Note: I need to correct my rendering of the surah name. The correct Chinese is 《奈斯尔》章. 5. 《奈斯尔》章在屠宰日（At-Tashreeq 日）期间降示。当它降示给他时，他意识到那是告别的时刻，而这一章是他即将离世的预告ﷺ。

5. The revelation of An-Nasr Chapter amid At-Tashreeq Days. So when it was sent down on him, he realized that it was the parting time and that Surah was an announcement of his approaching death.

6. 在伊斯兰历第十一年的萨法月初，先知（愿主赐予他平安）前往乌侯德，为殉道者举行了告别拜。那情形仿佛是在与死者和生者一同告别。随后，他登上讲坛，对众人讲道说：

6. On the early days of Safar in the eleventh year of Al-Hijra, the Prophet (Peace be upon him) went out to Uhud and observed a farewell prayer to the martyrs. It looked like saying goodbye to both the dead and the living alike. He then ascended the pulpit and addressed the people saying:

7. “我将先于你们前往，并且我将为你们作证。以真主发誓，你们很快就会在‘水池’边与我相遇。我已被赐予尘世宝藏的钥匙。以真主发誓，我不担心你们在我之后会变成多神教徒。但我确实担心，尘世财富的积累会诱使你们互相残杀。”

7. “I am to precede you and I have been made witness upon you. By Allâh, you will meet me at the ‘Fountain’ very soon. I have been given the keys of worldly treasures. By Allâh, I do not fear for you that you will turn polytheists after me. But I do fear that acquisition of worldly riches should entice you to strike one another’s neck.”.

8. 一天午夜，他前往al-Baqee‘墓地，祈求真主宽恕伊斯兰的殉道者。他说："愿平安降临你们这些墓中之人！愿照耀你们的晨曦，比照耀生者的更令你们安慰。磨难正像漆黑夜晚的团团乌云般逼近他们，后一波紧随前一波而来，而后者比前者带来更多的恶。"他安慰他们说："我们将随你们而去。"

8. One day, at midnight he went to Al-Baqee‘ cemetry, and implored Allâh to forgive the martyrs of Islam. He said: “Peace be upon you tomb-dwellers! May that morning that dawns upon you be more relieving than that which dawn upon the living. Afflictions are approaching them like cloudy lumps of a dark night — the last of which follows the first. The last one is bearing more evil than the first.” He comforted them saying: “We will follow you.”.

在希吉拉历第十一年萨法尔月二十九日星期一，他参加了在Al-Baqee‘举行的葬礼仪式。归途中他感到头痛，体温升高到连他的头巾上都能感受到热度。

On Monday the twenty-ninth of Safar in the eleventh year of Al-Hijra, he participated in funeral rites in Al-Baqee‘. On the way back he had a headache, his temperature rose so high that the heat effect could be felt over his headband.

他在生病期间仍带领穆斯林礼拜了十一天。他生病的总天数是十三天或十四天。

He led the Muslims in prayer for eleven days though he was sick. The total number of his sick days were either thirteen or fourteen.

当他的病情日益严重时,他问妻子们:“我明天应该住在哪里?”“我应该住在哪里?”她们明白了他的意思,于是允许他住在他想住的地方。他在法达勒·本·阿拔斯和阿里·本·阿比·塔利卜的搀扶下,边走边靠着他们,移到了阿伊莎的房间。他头上包着头巾,拖着双脚,一直走到她的住所。他在那里度过了一生中的最后一周。

When his sickness grew severe he asked his wives: “Where shall I stay tomorrow?” “Where shall I stay?” They understood what he wanted. So they allowed him to stay wherever he wished. He moved to ‘Aishah’s room leaning — while he was walking — on Al-Fadl bin Al-‘Abbas and ‘Ali bin Abi Talib. Head banded as he was, he dragged his feet till he came into her abode. It was there that he spent the last week of his life.

在那段时期，阿伊莎会诵读《Al-Mu‘awwidhat》（即《古兰经》第113章和第114章）以及他（ﷺ）此前教给她的其他祈祷词。

During that period, ‘Aishah used to recite Al-Mu‘awwidhat (Chapters 113 and 114 of the Qur’ân) and other supplications which he had already taught her.

周三，也就是先知去世前五天，他的体温升得很高，预示着他的病情十分严重。他昏厥过去，并且感到疼痛。他说："请给我从各口井里取来的七个盛水的皮囊（Qirab）浇在我身上，好让我出去见人、与他们交谈。"于是人们让他坐在一个容器里（通常用于洗浴）,向他身上浇水，直到他说："够了，够了。"

On Wednesday, five days before he died the Prophet’s temperature rose so high signalling the severeness of his disease. He fainted and suffered from pain. “Pour out on me seven Qirab (water skin pots) of various water wells so that I may go out to meet people and talk to them.” So they seated him in a container (usually used for washing) and poured out water on him till he said: “That is enough. That is enough.”.

然后他感觉身体好了一些，便走进了清真寺。他头上缠着绷带，坐在讲台上，向围拢在他身边的人们讲话。他说：

Then he felt well enough to enter the Mosque. He entered it band-headed, sat on the pulpit and made a speech to the people who were gathering together around him. He said:

“真主的诅咒降临在犹太人和基督徒身上，因为他们把他们先知的坟墓当作礼拜之处。”

• “The curse of Allâh falls upon the Jews and Christians for they have made their Prophets’ tombs places of worship.”.

然后他说：

Then he said:

“不要把我的坟墓变成被崇拜的偶像。”

• “Do not make my tomb a worshipped idol.”.

然后他挺身而出，请大家前来，让他偿还他可能对他们造成的任何伤害，并说道：

Then he offered himself and invited the people to repay any injuries he might have inflicted on them, saying:

“凡我曾经鞭打过其背的人，我现将自己的背献给他，让他向我报复。凡我曾经辱骂过其名誉的人，我现将自己的名誉献上，让他向我报复。”

•“He whom I have ever lashed his back, I offer him my back so that he may avenge himself on me. He whom I have ever blasphemed his honour, here I am offering my honour so that he may avenge himself.”.

然后他走下讲台，礼了正午的拜。他又回到讲台上坐下。他继续讲他最初关于怨恨等事的讲话。随后有一个人说："你欠我三个迪尔汗。"先知ﷺ说："法德勒，把钱还给他。"他接着说道：

Then he descended, and performed the noon prayer. Again he returned to the pulpit and sat on it. He resumed his first speech about enmity and some other things. A man then said: “You owe me three Dirhams.” The Prophet (Peace be upon him) said: “Fadl, pay him the money.” He went on saying:

“我嘱咐你们要善待安萨尔（辅士）。他们是我的家人，我是在他们那里找到庇护的。他们已经可信地履行了落在他们身上的责任，现在剩下的是你们要做的事。你们应当充分认可并感激他们所施予的恩惠，并且应当宽恕他们的过失。”ﷺ

•“I admonish you to be good to Al-Ansar (the Helpers). They are my family and with them I found shelter. They have acquitted themselves credibly of the responsibility that fell upon them and now there remains what you have to do. You should fully acknowledge and appreciate the favour that they have shown, and should overlook their faults.”.

在去世前四天的星期四，安拉的使者（愿主福安之）虽然正遭受剧烈的疼痛，仍对众人说："你们过来，我要为你们写下一份东西，使你们永不迷误。"于是，欧麦尔·本·哈塔卜说："先知（愿主福安之）正痛苦不堪，你们有《古兰经》，安拉的经典对你们已经足够了。"但另有人主张应当写下。当穆罕默德（愿主福安之）听到他们为此争论不休时，便吩咐他们离开，不要留在他身边。

On Thursday, four days before the death of the Messenger of Allâh (Peace be upon him), he said to people — though he was suffering from a severe pain: “Come here. I will cause you to write something so that you will never fall into error.” Upon this ‘Umar bin Al-Khattab said: “The Prophet of Allâh (Peace be upon him) is suffering from acute pain and you have the Qur’ân with you; the Book of Allâh is sufficient unto you.” Others however wanted the writing to be made. When Muhammad (Peace be upon him) heard them debating over it, he ordered them to go away and leave him alone.

1. 犹太教徒、基督教徒和多神教徒应当被驱逐出阿拉伯半岛。

1. Jews, Christians and polytheists should be expelled out of Arabia.

2. 他建议应当尊重并款待来访的代表团，方式与他过去所做的相似。ﷺ

2. He recommended that delegations should be honoured and entertained, in a way similar to the one he used to do.

关于第三点——叙述者说他忘记了。它可能是遵守《古兰经》和逊奈，也可能是完成并动员乌萨马的军队，或者是礼拜，以及关注奴隶。

3. As for the third — the narrator said that he had forgotten it. It could have been adherence to the Holy Book and the Sunnah. It was likely to be the accomplishment and the mobilization of Osamah’s army, or it could have been performance of prayers and being attentive to slaves.

尽管疾病缠身、饱受疼痛折磨，先知（愿主赐福与他，并使他平安）仍坚持带领所有的拜功，直到那个星期四——也就是他去世前四天。那天，他带领昏礼拜，并诵读了：

In spite of the strain of disease and suffering from pain, the Prophet (Peace be upon him) used to lead all the prayers till that Thursday — four days before he died. On that day he led the sunset prayer and recited:

• ○ “凭着一个接着一个被派遣的风（或天使，或安拉的使者）发誓。”[77:1]到了傍晚，他病得很重，无法忍受病痛，也无法外出进入清真寺。阿伊莎说：先知ﷺ问：“人们做完拜了吗？”“没有。他们还没做。他们在等您。”“在洗澡的大锅里放些水。”他说。我们照他的吩咐做了。于是他洗了身子，想要站起来，却昏倒了。他醒过来后又问：“人们拜过了吗？”之后，从他洗完身子到他尝试起身后昏倒，同样的过程又发生了第二次和第三次。因此，他派人去请艾布·伯克尔亲自领拜。那些日子里，艾布·伯克尔便领拜。先知ﷺ在世期间，共领拜十七次。

• ○ “By the winds (or angels or the Messengers of Allâh) sent forth one after another.” [77:1], In the evening he grew so sick that he could not overcome the strain of disease or go out to enter the Mosque. ‘Aishah said: The Prophet (Peace be upon him) asked: “Have the people performed the prayer?” “No. They haven’t. They are waiting for you.” “Put some water in the washing pot.” Said he. We did what he ordered. So he washed and wanted to stand up, but he fainted. When he came round he asked again “Have the people prayed?” Then the same sequence of events took place again and again for the second and the third tifrom the time he washed to the time he fainted after his attempts to stand up. Therefore he sent to Abu Bakr to lead the prayer himself. Abu Bakr then led the prayer during those days. They were seventeen prayers in the lifetime of Muhammad(Peace be upon him).

有三四次，‘Aishah 与先知ﷺ交谈，希望免去 Abu Bakr 领拜的职务，以免人们对他感到失望，但先知ﷺ拒绝了，并说：

Three or four times ‘Aishah talked to the Prophet (Peace be upon him) to exempt Abu Bakr from leadership in prayer lest people should despair of him, but he refused and said:

“你们（女人）就像那些引诱约瑟夫（优素福）行淫的女人。请把我的请求转告艾布·伯克尔，让他带领礼拜。”

在星期六或星期日,先知ﷺ觉得自己身体好些,能够进行拜功了。于是他靠着两个人走出来,去领拜中午的礼拜。当时正要领拜的艾布·伯克尔看见他走来,便退了下去;但先知ﷺ向他示意让他留在原位,并说:“让我坐在他旁边。”他们便把先知ﷺ安置在艾布·伯克尔的左侧坐下。先知ﷺ领拜,艾布·伯克尔跟随先知ﷺ行礼,每当先知ﷺ念“安拉至大”时,他也提高声音跟念,以便众人能够清楚地听到。

On Saturday or on Sunday, the Prophet (Peace be upon him) felt that he was well enough to perform the prayer; so he went out leaning on two men in order to perform the noon prayer. Abu Bakr, who was then about to lead the prayer withdrew when he saw him coming; but the Prophet (Peace be upon him) made him a gesture to stay where he was and said: “Seat me next to him.” They seated him on the left hand side of Abu Bakr. The Prophet (Peace be upon him) led the prayer, and Abu Bakr followed him and raised his voice at every ‘Allâhu Akbar’ (i.e. Allâh is the Greatest) the Prophet (Peace be upon him) said, so that the people may hear clearly.

在去世前一天的星期日,先知ﷺ释放了他的奴隶,把他所拥有的七枚第纳尔作为施舍分发出去,并将他的兵器赠送给穆斯林。因此到了夜晚,阿伊莎不得不向邻居借了一些油来点亮她的油灯。他的铠甲也曾作为抵押,以三十萨阿(一种容量单位)的大麦典当给了一名犹太人。

On Sunday, a day before he died, the Prophet (Peace be upon him) set his slaves free, paid as a charity the seven Dinars he owned and gave his weapons as a present to the Muslims. So when night fell ‘Aishah had to borrow some oil from her neighbour to light her oil-lantern. Even his armour was mortgaged as a security with a Jew for thirty Sa‘ (a cubic measure) of barley.

据阿奈斯·本·马立克传述，他说："穆斯林们在星期一黎明礼拜时，由艾布·伯克尔领拜，他们忽然看见安拉的使者ﷺ掀开了阿伊莎房间的帘子。他ﷺ注视着排列整齐的礼拜者们，并欣喜地微笑。艾布·伯克尔看见他ﷺ，便退回到行列中，让出位置请他ﷺ领拜，因为他以为先知ﷺ想要出来礼拜。"阿奈斯说："正在礼拜的穆斯林们欢欣至极，几乎因礼拜而心醉神迷。安拉的使者ﷺ向他们示意继续礼拜，然后走进房间，并放下了帘子。"

In a narration by Anas bin Malik, he said: “While the Muslims were performing the dawn prayer on Monday — led by Abu Bakr, they were surprised to see the Messenger of Allâh (Peace be upon him) raising the curtain of ‘Aishah’s room. He looked at them while they were praying aligned properly and smiled cheerfully. Seeing him, Abu Bakr withdrew to join the lines and give way to him to lead the prayer. For he thought that the Prophet (Peace be upon him) wanted to go out and pray.” Anas said: “The Muslims, who were praying, were so delighted that they were almost too enraptured at their prayers. The Messenger of Allâh (Peace be upon him) made them a gesture to continue their prayer, went into the room and drew down the curtain.”.

安拉的使者ﷺ没有活到下一次拜的时间。白天的时候,先知ﷺ叫来法蒂玛,用低声的话告诉了她一些事,使她哭了起来。然后他又对她耳语了另一些话,使她笑了起来。穆圣去世后,阿伊莎向法蒂玛询问她为何时哭时笑。法蒂玛回答说:“第一次,他告诉我他将不能从这场病中康复,我就哭了。然后他告诉我,我将是他的家人中第一个追随他的人,所以我笑了。”

The Messenger of Allâh (Peace be upon him) did not live for the next prayer time. When it was daytime, the Prophet (Peace be upon him) called Fatimah and told her something in a secret voice that made her cry. Then he whispered to her something else which made her laugh. ‘Aishah enquired from her after the Prophet’s death, as to this weeping and laughing to which Fatimah replied: “The first time he disclosed to me that he would not recover from his illness and I wept. Then he told me that I would be the first of his family to join him, so I laughed.”.

他向法蒂玛报喜，告诉她她将成为世界上所有女性的女主人。法蒂玛目睹了折磨她父亲的巨大痛苦，于是说："我父亲承受着多么大的痛苦啊！"对于她的这番话，先知ﷺ说道：

He gave Fatimah glad tidings that she would become the lady of all women of the world. Fatimah witnessed the great pain that afflicted her father. So she said: “What great pain my father is in!”. To these words, the Prophet (Peace be upon him) remarked:

"今天过去之后，他将不再受苦。"

• “He will not suffer any more when today is over.”.

他要求把哈桑和侯赛因带到他面前。他亲吻了他们，并嘱咐要好好照顾他们。他又要求见他的妻子们，她们被带到他面前。他对她们进行了劝诫，并叫她们记住安拉。病痛愈加剧烈，他在海拜尔所中的毒的痕迹也显露出来了。疼痛非常剧烈，他对阿伊莎说：“我依然感受到我在海拜尔品尝那食物时所留下的痛苦影响。我感觉死亡正在临近。”他又吩咐众人要按时礼拜，并要善待奴仆。他这样叮嘱了好几次。

He asked that Al-Hasan and Al-Husain be brought to him. He kissed them and recommended that they be looked after. He asked to see his wives. They were brought to him. He preached them and told them to remember Allâh. Pain grew so much severe that the trace of poison he had at Khaibar came to light. It was so sore that he said to ‘Aishah: “I still feel the painful effect of that food I tasted at Khaibar. I feel as if death is approaching.” He ordered the people to perform the prayers and be attentive to slaves. He repeated it several times.

当死亡的痛苦开始时，阿伊莎让他靠在自己身上。她常说：安拉对我的恩赐之一是，安拉的使者ﷺ在我的房中去世，而我仍然活着。他在靠着我的时候，在我的胸口与颈部之间去世。安拉在他临终时将他的唾液与我的唾液混合在一起。因为阿布·伯克尔之子阿卜杜勒·拉赫曼ﷺ手里拿着一根西瓦克（即用于刷牙的沙漠植物根），走了进来，而我正让安拉的使者ﷺ靠在我身上。我注意到他在看那根西瓦克，于是我问他——因为我知道他想要它——“你要我帮你拿过来吗？”他点头表示同意。我拿过来交给了他。因为它对他来说太硬了，我便问他：“我帮你把它软化一下好吗？”他点头表示同意。于是我用自己的唾液将它弄软，他便用它刷牙。另一个版本中说：“于是他尽可能好地刷了牙（Istanna）。”他手边有一个盛着水的水容器（Rakwa）。他把手伸进去，用水擦了擦自己的脸，并说：

When the pangs of death started, ‘Aishah leant him against her. She used to say: One of Allâh’s bounties upon me is that the Messenger of Allâh (Peace be upon him) died in my house, while I am still alive. He died between my chest and neck while he was leaning against me. Allâh has mixed his saliva with mine at his death. For ‘Abdur Rahman — the son of Abu Bakr — came in with a Siwak (i.e. the root of a desert plant used for brushing teeth) in his hand, while I was leaning the Messenger of Allâh (Peace be upon him) against me. I noticed that he was looking at the Siwak, so I asked him — for I knew that he wanted it — “Would you like me to take it for you?” He nodded in agreement. I took it and gave it to him. As it was too hard for him, I asked him “Shall I soften it for you?” He nodded in agreement. So I softened it with my saliva and he passed it (on his teeth), In another version it is said: “So he brushed (Istanna) his teeth as nice as he could.” There was a water container (Rakwa) available at his hand with some water in. He put his hand in it and wiped his face with it and said:

“除真主外，别无应受崇拜者。死亡充满痛苦。”

• “There is no god but Allâh. Death is full of agonies.”.

他刚用完miswak（齿木）刷牙，便举起手或手指，抬头望向天花板，嘴唇微动。于是‘Aishah听他说：“与您所赐恩典的人同在，即先知、诚实者（as-Siddeeqeen）、殉道者和行善者。主啊，求您宽恕我，怜悯我，使我与至高的伴侣同在。”随后，他时断时续地说：“至高的伴侣。我们归于真主，我们向祂求助，祂是最终的归宿。”这件事发生在希json历十一年Rabi‘ Al-Awwal月十二日星期一的上午。他去世时六十三岁零四天。

As soon as he had finished his Siwak brushing, he raised his hand or his finger up, looked upwards to the ceiling and moved his lips. So ‘Aishah listened to him. She heard him say: “With those on whom You have bestowed Your Grace with the Prophets and the Truthful ones (As-Siddeeqeen), the martyrs and the good doers. O Allâh, forgive me and have mercy upon me and join me to the Companionship on high.” Then at intervals he uttered these words: “The most exalted Companionship on high. To Allâh we turn and to Him we turn back for help and last abode.” This event took place at high morning time on Monday, the twelfth of Rabi‘ Al-Awwal, in the eleventh year of Al-Hijrah. He was sixty-three years and four days old when he died.

伟大的噩耗很快便为麦地那的所有人所知。悲痛的阴霾笼罩了麦地那的每一个角落。安纳斯说：

The great (loss) news was soon known by everybody in Madinah. Dark grief spread on all areas and horizons of Madinah. Anas said:

“我从未见过比安拉的使者（愿主福安之）来到我们中间那一天更美好、更光明的日子；我也从未见过比安拉的使者（愿主福安之）离世那一天更可怕、更黑暗的日子。”ﷺ

• “I have never witnessed a day better or brighter than that day on which the Messenger of Allâh (Peace be upon him) came to us; and I have never witnessed a more awful or darker day than that one on which the Messenger of Allâh (Peace be upon him) died on.”.

当他去世时，法蒂玛说：“父亲啊，他的主应允了他的祈求！父亲啊，他的居所是乐园。父亲啊，我们将他的死讯告知了加百列。”

When he died, Fatimah said: “O Father, whom his Lord responded to his supplication! O Father, whose abode is Paradise. O Father, whom I announce his death to Gabriel.”

“Umar”在震惊之中几乎失去知觉，他站在人们面前讲话说：“有些伪信者声称安拉的使者ﷺ已经去世了。安拉的使者ﷺ并没有去世，而是像穆萨·本·伊姆兰一样去见他的主了。他离开了四十个夜晚，最终还是回来了，尽管他们说他已经死了。以安拉发誓，安拉的使者ﷺ必将归来，他会砍断那些声称他已死者的手脚。”

‘Umar, who was so stunned that he almost lost consciousness and stood before people addressing them: “Some of the hypocrites claim that the Messenger of Allâh (Peace be upon him) died. The Messenger of Allâh (Peace be upon him) did not die, but went to his Lord in the same way as Moses bin ‘Imran did. He stayed away for forty nights, but finally came back though they said he had been dead. By Allâh, the Messenger of Allâh (Peace be upon him) will come back and he will cut off the hands and legs of those who claim his death.”

阿布·伯克尔从他在as-Sunh的家中出发，骑着一匹母马来到清真寺。到了清真寺，他下马走了进去。他没有跟任何人说话，径直走到阿伊莎的居所，直接来到安拉的使者ﷺ所在之处。先知ﷺ盖着一条也门披风。他掀开脸上的布，俯下身去，亲吻他并哭泣。然后他说：“我愿以我的父亲和母亲为您献身。安拉绝不会让您死两次。您刚刚经历的，是安拉所命定的死亡。”

Abu Bakr left his house at As-Sunh and came forth to the Mosque on a mare-back. At the Mosque, he dismounted and entered. He talked to nobody but went on till he entered ‘Aishah’s abode, and went directly to where the Messenger of Allâh (Peace be upon him) was. The Prophet (Peace be upon him) was covered with a Yemeni mantle. He uncovered his face and tended down, kissed him and cried. Then he said: “I sacrifice my father and mother for your sake. Allâh, verily, will not cause you to die twice. You have just experienced the death that Allâh had ordained.”.

然后他走出去,发现‘Umar正在与人们交谈。他说:"‘Umar,请坐下。"‘Umar拒绝坐下。人们让开了‘Umar,走向Abu Bakr,他开始发表讲话,说道:"现在,谁崇拜Muhammad ﷺ呢?Muhammad ﷺ现已去世。但谁崇拜Allâh,他是永生的,永不死亡。Allâh说:

Then he went out and found ‘Umar talking to people. He said: “‘Umar, be seated.” ‘Umar refused to do so. People parted ‘Umar and came towards Abu Bakr, who started a speech saying: l “And now, he who worships Muhammad (Peace be upon him). Muhammad is dead now. But he who worships Allâh, He is Ever Living and He never dies. Allâh says:

“穆罕默德只是一位使者，在他之前已经有许多使者逝去了。他若死了或被杀，你们难道要转身背教吗？谁转身背教，绝不会对真主有丝毫损害；真主必将报酬感恩者。”[3:144]

‘Muhammad (Peace be upon him) is no more than a Messenger, and indeed (many) Messengers have passed away before him. If he dies or is killed, will you then turn back on your heels (as disbelievers)? And he who turns back on his heels, not the least harm will he do to Allâh, and Allâh will give reward to those who are grateful.’” [3:1].

伊本·阿拔斯说:“以真主发誓,人们仿佛从未听过这段古兰经文,直到艾布·伯克尔以此提醒众人并诵读它。于是人们开始诵读,直到没有一个人不诵读它。”伊本·穆赛耶卜说,欧麦尔曾说:“以真主发誓,我一听到艾布·伯克尔这样说,就倒在了地上。我感到双腿已经无法支撑我,所以当我听到他这样说时便瘫倒了。那时我才意识到,穆罕默德ﷺ确实已经去世了。”

Ibn ‘Abbas said: “By Allâh, it sounded as if people had never heard such a Qur’ânic verse till Abu Bakr recited it as a reminder. So people started reciting it till there was no man who did not recite it.” Ibn Al-Musaiyab said that ‘Umar had said: “By Allâh, as soon as I heard Abu Bakr say it, I fell down to the ground. I felt as if my legs had been unable to carry me so I collapsed when I heard him say it. Only then did I realize that Muhammad (Peace be upon him) had really died.”.

安葬与告别其尊贵遗体的准备工作

BURIAL AND FAREWELL PREPARATIONS TO HIS HONOURABLE BODY:

在先知（愿主赐福于他并使他平安）的遗体尚未入殓之前，关于谁将继承他的争议就已经爆发了。辅士与迁士在班·萨伊德的有顶走廊（门廊）中进行了大量的争论、讨论和对话。最终，他们承认艾布·伯克尔（愿真主喜悦他）为哈里发。他们整个星期一都在那里度过，直到夜里。人们因争论而忙碌不堪，以至于夜已深了，几近星期二的黎明时分，他那尊贵的遗体仍躺在床上，覆盖着一件染色的衣物，房门也仍然锁着。