在沙瓦勒月(公元619年5月底或6月初),即真主授予他使命十年之后,先知ﷺ与他的被释奴隶宰德·本·哈里萨一同前往距麦加约60公里的塔伊夫,邀请人们信仰伊斯兰。然而,与他的期望相反,当地的总体氛围极为敌视。他去拜访了欧迈尔家族,该家族被视为城中的贵族。但令他失望的是,他们全都对他的讯息充耳不闻,并且在谈到他为之奋斗的崇高事业时说出侮辱性的言辞。塞给夫部族首领中的三兄弟——阿卜杜·亚利勒、马斯欧德和哈比布,即欧迈尔·本·欧迈尔·阿斯-塞给菲之子——会见了先知ﷺ,先知ﷺ邀请他们皈依伊斯兰、崇拜真主,但他们却肆无忌惮地嘲笑他,拒绝了他的邀请。其中一人说:"他正在撕扯天房的布幔,真主真的派你来做使者吗?"第二人说:"真主难道找不到别人来托付他的使命吗?"第三人说:"我指真主起誓,我绝不与你有任何往来。如果你真是真主的使者,那你就太过严肃,不值得回应;如果你是在诬蔑真主,那么我认为绝不应该与你交谈。"真主的使者ﷺ发现他们已无可救药,便站起身离开,并说:"你们若要继续你们的这些行径,切莫向我透露。"

In Shawwal (in the last of May or in the beginning of June 619 A.D.), ten years after receiving his mission from his Lord, the Prophet (Peace be upon him) set out towards At-Ta’if, about 60 kilometres from Makkah, in the company of his freed slave Zaid bin Haritha inviting people to Islam. But contrary to his expectations, the general atmosphere was terribly hostile. He approached the family of ‘Umair, who were reckoned amongst the nobility of the town. But, to his disappointment, all of them turned deaf ear to his message and used abusive language as regards the noble cause he had been striving for. Three brothers from the chieftains of Thaqeef —‘Abd Yaleel, Mas‘ud and Habeeb — sons of ‘Amr bin ‘Umair Ath-Thaqafy met the Prophet (Peace be upon him) , who invited them to embrace Islam and worship Allâh, but they impudently jeered at him and refused his invitation. “He is tearing the cloths of Al-Ka‘bah; is it true that Allâh has sent you as a Messenger?” said one of them. “Has not Allâh found someone else to entrust him with His Message?” said the second. “I swear by Allâh that I will never have any contact with you. If you are really the Messenger of Allâh, then you are too serious to retort back; and if you are belying Allâh, then I feel it is imperative not to speak to.” said the third. The Messenger of Allâh (Peace be upon him) , finding that they were hopeless cases, stood up and left them saying: “Should you indulge in these practices of yours, never divulge them to me.”.

在那里停留了十天，他先后向几个人传达他的信息，但都毫无结果。人们被煽动起来，要急于让这位不受欢迎的来访者离开，他们在小巷里对他嘘叫，用石头投掷他，迫使他逃离城市，身后是一群不肯罢休的暴徒。他双腿流血，宰德竭力保护他，自己的头部却受了伤。暴民一直追赶他，直到两三英里外的沙地，才在周围山脚下停下。他疲惫不堪，精疲力竭，躲进了众多果园中的一座，靠在一处葡萄园的墙边休息。当整个世界似乎都与他为敌的时候，穆罕默德ﷺ转向他的主，投身于祷告之中，至今仍保存着下面这段感人的话语，那是他受压迫的灵魂借以倾诉痛苦的话。他疲惫而受伤，却坚信他的主必会相助：

For ten days he stayed there delivering his message to several people, one after another, but all to no purpose. Stirred up to hasten the departure of the unwelcome visitor, the people hooted him through the alley-ways, pelted him with stones and obliged him to flee from the city pursued by a relentless rabble. Blood flowed down both his legs; and Zaid, endeavouring to shield him, was wounded in the head. The mob did not desist until they had chased him two or three miles across the sandy plains to the foot of the surrounding hills. There, wearied and exhausted, he took refuge in one of the numerous orchards, and rested against the wall of a vineyard. At a time when the whole world seemed to have turned against him, Muhammad (Peace be upon him) turned to his Lord and betook himself to prayer and the following touching words are still preserved as those through which his oppressed soul gave vent to its distress. He was weary and wounded but confident of the help of his Lord:

• “主啊!我只向祢诉说我的软弱、我资源的匮乏,以及我在人前的微不足道。祢是最仁慈的慈悯者。祢是无助者与弱者的主,我的主啊!祢要将我交给谁呢?是交给一个不近人情、对我怒目而视的远亲,还是交给一个被赋予掌控我事务之权的敌人?但若祢的愤怒不降临于我,我便无所忧虑。”

• “O Allâh! To You alone I make complaint of my helplessness, the paucity of my resources and my insignificance before mankind. You are the most Merciful of the mercifuls. You are the Lord of the helpless and the weak, O Lord of mine! Into whose hands would You abandon me: into the hands of an unsympathetic distant relative who would sullenly frown at me, or to the enemy who has been given control over my affairs? But if Your wrath does not fall on me, there is nothing for me to worry about.”.

“我寻求庇护于你尊贵面容的光明之下，那光明照亮诸天，驱散黑暗，主宰今世与后世的一切事务。愿我永不招致你的愤怒，愿你永不对我发怒。除你之外，并无能力，也无力量。”

“I seek protection in the light of Your Countenance, which illuminates the heavens and dispels darkness, and which controls all affairs in this world as well as in the Hereafter. May it never be that I should incur Your wrath, or that You should be wrathful to me. And there is no power nor resource, but Yours alone.”.

看到他处于这般无助的境地，赖比尔的两个儿子——麦加的富商——出于亲戚情分与怜悯之心，派了一名基督教仆人给他送去一盘葡萄。先知ﷺ以虔诚的祈祷词“奉安拉之名”接过了这些果实。基督教仆人阿达斯被这句话深深打动，说道：“这些话是这片土地上的人通常不用的。”先知ﷺ问他来自何方，信奉什么宗教。阿达斯回答：“我信奉基督教，来自尼尼微。”先知ﷺ随即说道：“你来自马塔之子约拿这位正直者的城市。”阿达斯焦急地问他是否了解约拿的情况。先知ﷺ意味深长地说道：“他是我的兄弟。他是一位先知，我也是一位先知。”阿达斯于是向穆罕默德ﷺ致敬，并亲吻了他的双手。他的主人们因他这一举动而训斥他，但他回答说：“世上没有人比他更好。他向我启示了只有先知才能启示的真理。”他们再次责备他，并说：“我们警告你，不要背弃你祖先的信仰，否则后果自负。你所信奉的宗教远比你想要转向的那一个要好得多。”

Seeing him in this helpless situation, Rabi‘a’s two sons, wealthy Makkans, were moved on grounds of kinship and compassion, and sent to him one of their Christian servants with a tray of grapes. The Prophet (Peace be upon him) accepted the fruit with pious invocation: “In the Name of the Allâh.” The Christian servant ‘Addas was greatly impressed by these words and said: “These are words which people in this land do not generally use.” The Prophet (Peace be upon him) inquired of him whence he came and what religion he professed. ‘Addas replied: “I am a Christian by faith and come from Nineveh.” The Prophet (Peace be upon him) then said: “You belong to the city of the righteous Jonah, son of Matta.” ‘Addas asked him anxiously if he knew anything about Jonah. The Prophet (Peace be upon him) significantly remarked: “He is my brother. He was a Prophet and so am I.” Thereupon ‘Addas paid homage to Muhammad (Peace be upon him) and kissed his hands. His masters admonished him at this act but he replied: “None on the earth is better than he is. He has revealed to me a truth which only a Prophet can do.” They again reprimanded him and said: “We forewarn you against the consequences of abandoning the faith of your forefathers. The religion which you profess is far better than the one you feel inclined to.”.

心碎而沮丧的穆罕默德ﷺ动身返回麦加。当他抵达盖尔奈·马纳齐勒时,至高无上的安拉派遣吉卜利里勒与群山之天使来到他身边。群山之天使请求先知ﷺ允许他将麦加夹在两座山——阿布·古拜斯山与古厄叶干山——之间压住。关于这件事的完整叙述,由阿伊莎(愿主喜悦她)——先知的妻子——给出。她说:"我问先知ﷺ,是否经历过比伍侯德之日更糟糕的一天。他回答说,他从那些人(多神教徒)那里受了许多苦,但最痛苦的是在阿给白那天。我去寻求支持,去找阿卜杜·亚利勒之子阿卜杜·卡拉勒,他却拒绝了我。我疲惫而忧伤地动身,对周围的一切漠不关心,直到我突然意识到自己身处塔阿利卜角,也就是盖尔奈·马纳齐勒。我在那里抬头,看见一朵云为我投下阴影,吉卜利里勒对我说:安拉已听见你的人民所说的话,并派遣群山之天使来帮助你。那天使呼唤我,向我问候,并请求我允许他将麦加夹在两座山——即环绕麦加的两座山阿赫沙卜彦——之间压住。我回答说,我宁愿他们的子孙中会有人崇拜全能的安拉,不以任何物配主。"这是一个简练而意味深长的回答,充分体现了先知ﷺ无与伦比的品格和深不可测的宽厚气度。

Heart-broken and depressed, Muhammad (Peace be upon him) set out on the way back to Makkah. When he reached Qarn Al-Manazil, Allâh, the Almighty sent him Gabriel together with the angel of mountains. The latter asked the Prophet (Peace be upon him) for permission to bury Makkah between Al–Akhshabain —Abu Qubais and Qu‘ayqa‘an mountains. Full narration of this event was given by ‘Aishah (May be pleased with her) (the Prophet’s spouse). She said: “I asked the Prophet (Peace be upon him) if he had ever experienced a worse day than Uhud. He answered that he had suffered a lot from those people (the idolaters) but the most painful was on the day of ‘Aqabah. I went seeking support from Ibn ‘Abd Yalil bin ‘Abd Kalal, but he spurned me. I set out wearied and grieved heedless of anything around me until I suddenly realized I was in Qarn Ath-Tha‘alib, called Qarn Al-Manazil. There, I looked up and saw a cloud casting its shade on me, and Gabriel addressing me: Allâh has heard your people’s words and sent you the angel of mountains to your aid. The latter called and gave me his greetings and asked for my permission to bury Makkah between Al-Akhshabain, the two mountains flanking Makkah. I said in reply that I would rather have someone from their loins who will worship Allâh, the All–Mighty with no associate.” A concise meaningful answer fully indicative of the Prophet’s matchless character and the fathomless magnanimous manners.

安拉的使者ﷺ随后从昏迷中醒来,他的心在那无形的、由真主所赐的援助之光中获得了安宁。他前往纳赫莱山谷,在那里停留了数日。

The Messenger of Allâh (Peace be upon him) then came back to wakefulness and his heart was set at rest in the light of that invisible Divinely provided aid. He proceeded to Wadi Nakhlah where he stayed for a few days.

在他停留那里期间,安拉派遣了一群精灵来到他面前,他们聆听他诵读高贵的《古兰经》。

During his stay there, Allâh sent him a company of jinns who listened to him reciting the Noble Qur’ân:

• “且(你当记得)当时我使一群精灵(约三至十个)来到你[穆罕默德(愿主赐他平安)]那里,他们静静地聆听《古兰经》。当他们来到它面前时,便说:‘你们安静地听!’待诵读完毕,他们便回到自己的族人那里,作为警告者。他们说:‘我们的族人啊!我们确实听到了一部经典,它是在穆萨之后降示的,印证了在它之前的经典,它引导至真理和正道(即伊斯兰)。我们的族人啊!请响应安拉的召唤者[即安拉的使者穆罕默德ﷺ],并信仰他(即信仰穆罕默德ﷺ从安拉那里带来的,并追随他)。他(安拉)将赦免你们的罪过,并使你们免受痛苦的刑罚(即火狱)。’”[46:29-31]。

• “And (remember) when We sent towards you [Muhammad (Peace be upon him) ] Nafran (three to ten persons) of the jinns, (quietly) listening to the Qur’ân, when they stood in the presence thereof, they said: ‘Listen in silence!’ And when it was finished, they returned to their people, as warners. They said: ‘O our people! Verily! We have heard a Book (this Qur’ân) sent down after Moses, confirming what came before it, it guides to the Truth and to a Straight Path (i.e. Islam). O our people! Respond (with obedience) to Allâh’s Caller [i.e. Allâh’s Messenger Muhammad (Peace be upon him) ], and believe in him (i.e. believe in that which Muhammad (Peace be upon him) has brought from Allâh and follow him). He (Allâh) will forgive you of your sins, and will save you from a painful torment (i.e. Hell-fire).’” [46:29-31].

《古兰经·精灵章》中也提到了这件事。

The same incident is referred to in Sûrah Al-Jinn:

“说吧〔穆罕默德ﷺ〕：‘有启示给我说：一群精灵（人数从三个到十个）听了（这部《古兰经》），他们说：“我们确已听到了一部奇妙的诵读（这部《古兰经》）！它引导人走向正道，我们已信仰它，我们绝不会以任何事物与我们的主（安拉）并列崇拜。”’”〔72:1,2〕……直到第15节结束。

•“Say [O Muhammad (Peace be upon him) ]: “It has been revealed to me that a group (from three to ten in number) of jinns listened (to this Qur’ân). They said: ‘Verily! We have heard a wonderful Recital (this Qur’ân)! It guides to the Right Path, and we have believed therein, and we shall never join (in worship) anything with our Lord (Allâh).’” [72:1,2] … Till the end of the 15th verse.

根据这些经文及其相关解释，我们可以确定：先知（愿主赐福他并使他平安）并不知道那群精灵的到来。直到安拉降示这些经文，他才得知此事。经文还证实，这是精灵第一次到来。然而，各种版本的语境表明，精灵之后又多次来访。那群精灵的出现，处于安拉对其使者给予神助的语境之中，是伊斯兰圣召最终获胜与成功的吉兆。它提供了不可动摇的证明：无论多么强大的力量，都无法改变安拉所定之事。

From the context of these verses and their relevant interpretation, we can safely establish it that the Prophet (Peace be upon him) was not aware of the presence of that group of jinns. It was only when Allâh revealed those verses that he came to know of it. The verses also confirm that it was the first time they came. However, the context of the different versions suggests that the jinns repeated their visits later on. The presence of that company of jinns comes in the context of the Divine support givto His Messenger, and constitutes a propitious sign of ultimate victory and success for the Call of Islam. It provides an unshakable proof that no power however mighty could alter what is wrought by Allâh:

• “凡不应答真主召唤者，他在大地上无法逃脱，除真主之外，他也没有任何保护者（不能免于真主的惩罚）。这些人确实处于明显的迷误之中。”[46:32]

• “And whosoever does not respond to Allâh’s Caller, he cannot escape on earth, and there will be no Auliyâ (protectors) from him besides Allâh (from Allâh’s punishment). Those are in manifest error.” [46:32].

“我们认为，我们无法在大地上逃脱安拉的惩罚，也无法借由逃跑而逃脱。”[72:12]

“And we think that we cannot escape (from the punishment of) Allâ h in the earth, nor can we escape (from the punishment) by flight.” [72:12].

在此得到支持与吉兆的鼓舞之后,先前因被逐出塔伊夫而困扰他的抑郁、沮丧与悲伤消散了。他面向麦加,重新下定决心,要继续先前的计划:向人们宣讲伊斯兰,传达他的使命,怀着极大的热忱与无与伦比的满腔激情。

Given this support and auspicious start, depression, dismay and sadness that used to beset him since he was driven out of At-Ta’if, he turned his face towards Makkah with fresh determination to resume his earlier plan to expose people to Islam and communicate his Message in a great spirit of zeal and matchless enthusiasm.

翟德·本·哈里萨，他的同伴，对先知（愿主赐他平安）说：“在古莱什人把你驱逐出境之后，你怎么还敢踏进麦加？”先知ﷺ回答说：“听着，翟德，真主必定会赐下宽解，祂必定会support（支持）祂的宗教和先知。”

Zaid bin Harithah, his companion, addressing the Prophet (Peace be upon him) said, “How dare you step into Makkah after they (Quraish) have expatriated you?” The Prophet (Peace be upon him) answered: “Hearken Zaid, Allâh will surely provide relief and He will verily support His religion and Prophet.”.

当他离麦加只有一段距离时，他退居希拉山洞。他从这里派了一名呼扎尔部落的人去见艾赫纳斯·本·舒赖格，请求他的庇护。对方回答说，他是古莱氏的盟友，无权提供庇护。他又派人去见苏海勒·本·阿慕尔，同样没有结果。然而，麦加的一位显要人物穆特伊姆·本·阿迪主动应允，回应先知ﷺ的庇护请求。他吩咐族人全副武装地做好准备，然后请穆罕默德ﷺ进入城中，直接前往圣地。先知ﷺ做了两拜的拜功，随后前往自己的家，由全副武装、保持警惕的阿迪家族的人护卫着。

When he was a short distance from Makkah, he retired to Hira’ Cave. Whence he despatched a man from Khuza‘ah tribe to Al-Akhnas bin Shuraiq seeking his protection. The latter answered that he was Quraish’s ally and in no position to offer protection. He despatched the messenger to Suhail bin ‘Amr, but to no avail, either. Al-Mut‘im bin ‘Adi, a notable in Makkah, however, volunteered to respond to the Prophet’s appeal for shelter. He asked his people to prepare themselves fully armed and then asked Muhammad (Peace be upon him) to enter into the town and directly into the Holy Sanctuary. The Prophet (Peace be upon him) observed a two-Rak‘a prayer and left for his house guarded by the heavily-armed vigilant ‘Adi’s.

据报道，后来艾卜·哲海勒（Abu Jahl），伊斯兰教的头号敌人，问穆considered... Let me correct: 穆ත... 据报道，后来，伊斯兰的头号敌人艾卜·哲海勒问穆特阿姆（Mut‘im）：他的所作所为是表示保护，还是表示皈依？穆特阿姆回答说，那只是保护而已。艾卜·哲海勒因此松了一口气，并说，他会为了穆特阿姆的缘故，给穆罕默德ﷺ提供保护。

It has been reported that later Abu Jahl, the archenemy of Islam, asked Mut‘im if his behaviour suggested protection or conversion, the latter replied it was merely protection. Abu Jahl was relieved and said that he would give Muhammad protection for his sake.

先知穆罕默德ﷺ从未忘记穆特仪姆的恩惠。在白德尔战役结束时,他公开宣布:如果穆特仪姆仍然在世,并且为释放古莱氏的俘虏而请求,他是不会拒绝他的请求的。

The Messenger of Allâh (Peace be upon him) never forgot Mut‘im’s favour. At the conclusion of the battle of Badr, he declared publicly that if Mut‘im had been still alive and asked for the release of the Quraishite captives, he would not deny him his request.