Ana ɗaukar Dubai a matsayin labarin nasara ta fuskar tattalin arziƙi da kuma sabon tsari na ci gaban tattalin arziƙi ga ƙasashen Musulmi. Dubai, tare da tattalin arziƙin da ya kai dala biliyan 46, ya jawo hankalin duniya baki ɗaya ta hanyar sabbin ayyukan gine-gine da na gidaje, da kuma manyan wasannin motsa jiki, cikin ƙanƙanin lokaci. Masana tattalin arziƙi da yawa sun jaddada cewa, yadda Dubai ta karkata daga dogaro da man fetur zuwa wasu fannoni, ya sanya ta a kan turbar ci gaba wadda ke gabatar da sabon tsari na ci gaban tattalin arziƙi ga yankin, da kuma wata hanya ta musamman ta Musulunci ga ci gaban tattalin arziƙi.

Dubai has been heralded as an economic success story and a new model for economic development for the Muslim world. Dubai with its $46 billion economy has attracted world-wide attention through innovative real estate projects and sports events in a relatively short period of time. Many economists have emphasized that Dubai’s diversification away from oil has placed it upon a path of development which presents a new formula for economic development for the region and a distinctly Islamic approach to economic development.

Bayan yakin Gulf, kudaden man fetur sun karfafa Dubai wajen mayar da hankali kan cinikayya kyauta da yawon bude ido. Nasarar yankin cinikayya kyauta na Jebel Ali ta ba birnin damar yin koyi da wannan tsari don bunkasa sabbin yankunan cinikayya kyauta da dama, ciki har da Dubai Internet City, Dubai Media City da Dubai Maritime City. An gina Burj Al Arab, otal mafi tsayi a duniya wanda ke tsaye kadai, da kuma sabbin wuraren zama, don tallata Dubai ga masu yawon bude ido. Tun daga shekarar 2002, birnin ya ga karuwar zuba jari na masu zaman kansu a harkar gidaje, wajen sake gina sararin samaniyar Dubai ta ayyuka irin su The Palm Islands, The World Islands da Burj Dubai. A takaice, ma'aunin nasarar Dubai ya dogara ne ga ayyuka irin su gine-ginen gajimare da manyan kasuwanni.

Oil revenues after the Persian Gulf War encouraged Dubai to focus on free trade and tourism. The success of the Jebel Ali free zone allowed the city to replicate its model to develop clusters of new free zones, including Dubai Internet City, Dubai Media City and Dubai Maritime City. The constructions of Burj Al Arab, the world’s tallest freestanding hotel, as well as the creation of new residential developments, were used to market Dubai for purposes of tourism. Since 2002, the city has seen an increase in private real estate investment in recreating Dubai’s skyline with such projects as The Palm Islands, The World Islands and Burj Dubai. In essence the measure of success of Dubai has been on developments such as skyscrapers and vast shopping malls.

Saboda wannan dalili, Dubai ta bambanta da sauran ƙasashen musulmi saboda ci gaban ban mamaki da ta samu cikin shekaru 20 da suka wuce. A yau birni ne na zamani, inda ake nuna dukiya mai yawa ta hanyar gine-gine masu tsayi da ayyuka na musamman. Birni ne da ba musulmin ƙasashen Musulunci kaɗai ke zuwa da yawa ba, har ma mutane na kowane iri daga sassan duniya. Dubai tana ba kowa salon rayuwar Yammacin Duniya tare da ɗanɗanon Gabas. 'Yan asalin ƙasar ba su wuce tsiraru ba, inda kashi 85 cikin ɗari na al'ummar Dubai baƙi ne. Ga mutane da yawa wannan zai zama labarin nasara, domin Dubai ta jawo hankalin duniya zuwa ƙaramin tsibirinta, amma a cikin wannan nasara da ake gani ne ƙarya ta ci gaban tattalin arziƙi take.

Due to this, Dubai is unique amongst the Muslim world in that it has witnessed phenomenal development over the last 20 years. It is today a modern city, with much wealth on display in the form of tall buildings and unique developments. It is a city that not only Muslims from Islamic countries head towards in large numbers, but people of all kinds from all over the world. Dubai offers a western lifestyle with an Eastern flavour for all. The native population is a minority, 85% of Dubai’s population is composed of expatriates. For many this would be considered a success story as Dubai has attracted the world to its tiny island, but in this apparent success lays the myth of economic development.

Dubai an albarkace ta da yalwar man fetur, wanda kudaden shigarsa suka ba da damar gina wani birni na zamani daga wani ƙauyen kamun kifi da ya taɓa zama ƙarami. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, Dubai ta kuma karkata tattalin arzikinta zuwa ɓangarorin yawon buɗe ido da hidima. Wannan ya sa Dubai ta zama cibiyar yawon buɗe ido ba a Gabas ta Tsakiya kaɗai ba, har ma a duniya baki ɗaya. Haka kuma tana burin zama cibiyar kuɗi da za ta yi gogayya da irin su London da New York.

Dubai has been blessed with a vast amount of oil, the revenues of which have allowed a modern city to develop out of a once small fishing village. In recent years Dubai has also taken to orienting its economy towards the tourism and service sectors. This has led to Dubai becoming a hub of tourism in not only the Middle East but the world. It is also aspiring to become a financial centre to rival the likes of London and New York.

Matsalar Dubai ita ce ba misali ne da ya kamata wasu su bi ba, sai dai wani yanayi na musamman na ci gaba. Ci gabanta ya kasance ta yadda a zahiri take rayuwa a cikin wani kumfa na tattalin arziki.

The problem with Dubai is that it’s not a model for others to follow, but a unique case of development. It has developed in such a manner that it is in fact existing in an economic bubble.

Babban abin da ya haifar da ci gaban Dubai shi ne arzikin man fetur, sannan kamfanoni da ma'aikata baƙi ke tafiyar da su. Matsayinta na cibiyar kasuwanci ma ya kawo mata arziki. Matsalar a nan ita ce man fetur ba shi da iyaka, kuma yana ƙarewa dama-dama. Ƙwararrun ma'aikata da ke taimakawa wajen bunƙasa harkar hidima galibinsu baƙi ne daga ƙasashen waje, kuma ɗan ƙaramin ɓangare ne kawai na mazauna Dubai a yanzu ake ɗauka a matsayin 'yan asalin Larabawa.

The driving force behind Dubai’s growth has been largely its oil wealth, followed by companies that are run by foreign workers. Its position as a trading hub has also brought it wealth. The problem with this is that the oil is not unlimited, and is already running out. The skilled workers that are helping to develop the service sector are mostly from overseas, with only a tiny part of Dubai’s population now considered to be native Arabs.

Waɗannan abubuwan suna nuna dalilin da ya sa Dubai ba misali ba ce ta ci gaban tattalin arziƙi na gaskiya. Ta kawai yi amfani da ƙayyadaddun albarkatun ƙasa, kuma tana shigo da ƙwararru daga ƙasashen waje da ƙaramin canja wurin fasaha da ilimi don bunƙasa tattalin arzikinta. Ga wannan kuma akwai gaskiyar cewa Dubai ba ta samar da wani kayan masana'anta da mutanen birnin ke saya ba. Ƙasa ce da ba ta dogaro da kanta ba, domin ba ta da ababen more rayuwa ko albarkatun ƙasa da za su ba ta damar samar da kayayyakin da take amfani da su.

These factors show why Dubai is not an example of true economic development. It has merely exploited limited natural resources and has been importing talent from abroad with little skills and knowledge transfer to drive its economy. This is coupled with the fact that Dubai does not produce any manufactured products that the people in the city buy. It is a nation that is not self-sufficient, as it does not have the infrastructure or natural resources in place to develop the products it consumes.

Ci gaban da ta samu ya samo asali ne kai tsaye daga kasancewarta yanki mai kusan rashin haraji ga 'yan kasashen waje da kamfanoni. Wadannan kamfanoni, duk da cewa suna samar da ayyuka da kudin shiga ga mutanen kasar, ba sa koyar da wata fasahar aiki ga mutanen. Farashin filaye da gidaje a yankin yana tashi sosai saboda hasashen cewa farashin zai ci gaba da tashi, kuma ana iya samun riba ta hanyar sayar da dukiyar daga baya.

Its growth has been a direct result of it becoming an essentially tax free zone for foreign nationals and companies. These companies, whilst providing jobs and income to people in the country, are not transferring any technical skills to the people. Its real estate prices are rising in large part due to speculation that the prices will continue to rise, and a profit can be made from selling the property on.

Dubai ya ƙirƙiri kansa a matsayin tattalin arziƙi mai dogaro da ayyuka, inda gwamnati za ta samar da duk muhimman ayyuka kamar abubuwan more rayuwa, sadarwa, gidajen haya na ɗan gajeren lokaci, wuraren shakatawa, shagunan sayayya da yawon buɗe ido, domin kamfanonin duniya su yi aiki daga can. Matsalar irin wannan ci gaba ita ce kamfanoni ba lallai ne su yi aiki daga wuri ɗaya kawai ba; suna iya motsawa idan ya zama dole, kuma duk wata rashin zaman lafiya yawanci tana kai su ga haka. Irin wannan tsari yana sa ƙasar ta dogara ga baƙi waɗanda ke ci gaba da son yin aiki daga Dubai. Tun da Gabas ta Tsakiya ita ce yankin da ya fi rashin zaman lafiya a duniya, kuma ana tsammanin yaƙi, hakan na iya haifar da ficewar irin waɗannan kamfanoni a kowane lokaci.

Dubai has modelled itself as a service based economy where the government will provide all the necessary services such as infrastructure, communications, flash apartments, parks, retail outlets and tourism for the worlds companies to operate from. The problem with this type of development is companies do not necessarily need to operate from only one location, they can move around if needed and any instability will usually lead to this. Such a development makes the nation reliant on foreigners to continually want to work from Dubai. With the Middle East being the most unstable region in the world and prospects of war this could lead to a departure of such companies at any time.

Waɗannan dalilai sun nuna cewa Dubai ba komai ba ce face kamar sarƙar ruwa a hamada. Ci gabanta da dorewarta sun dogara ne da basira da ƙwarewar ƙasashen waje. Tana iya bayar da ayyuka na musamman kamar banki da harkokin kuɗi kawai, tare da yawon buɗe ido, a matsayin hanyar tabbatar da makomarta. Tun da waɗannan fannoni suna dogara sosai ga amincewa da kwarin gwiwar baƙi, Dubai na cikin haɗarin rugujewar tattalin arziki idan waɗannan ƙasashe suka yanke shawarar ficewa. Hakan na iya faruwa saboda dalilai daban-daban. Yaƙin yanki zai iya sa Dubai ta zama wurin da ba shi da tsaro ga ma'aikata, kuma hanyoyin kasuwanci na iya tsayawa. Farashin gidaje zai faɗi, kuma kuɗaɗen da ke shigowa cikin harkar gidaje a yanzu za su fita da gudu daga birnin.

These reasons show why Dubai is nothing more than a mirage in the desert. Its growth and survival are dependent upon the talent and expertise of foreign entities. It can only offer specialist services such as banking and finance as a means to guarantee its future, along with tourism. As these sectors rely heavily on the goodwill and confidence of foreigners, Dubai is vulnerable to economic collapse if ever these powers decide to pull out. This could be caused for a variety of reasons. A regional war could render Dubai an unsafe place for workers, with trade routes also being cut off. Housing prices would collapse and money that is currently pouring into real estate would rush out of the city.

Ko da yake wannan yanayi na iya zama kamar matsananci, ba shi da yiwuwa sosai ba, la'akari da halin siyasa na Gabas ta Tsakiya. Ko da yake wannan wadata na ci gaba, tana zuwa da farashi ta hanyar raguwar dabi'un Musulunci, domin ana barin shan giya da sauran munanan halaye don jawo ma'aikata daga Yamma don su tuka tattalin arziki.

Though this may appear an extreme scenario, it is not an unlikely one given the political reality of the Middle East. Even while this prosperity continues, it comes at a cost in the dilution of Islamic values since alcohol and other vices are permitted in order to attract a western workforce to drive the economy.

Iyakar da mutum zai yi ƙoƙarin koyi da Dubai ta ke da iyaka, domin a yankin nan ba za a iya samun cibiyar yawon buɗe ido da hada-hadar kuɗi fiye da ɗaya ba. Ta ma'anar kalma, ba za a iya samun cibiyoyi biyu a wuri ɗaya ba. Misalin kamfanonin jiragen sama guda biyu ya isa ya bayyana wannan magana. Emirates kamfani ne na jirgin sama da ke aiki daga Dubai, yayin da Etihad ke aiki daga Abu Dhabi. Emirates ta yi nasarar kafa kanta a matsayin alama, kuma mutanen da ke tafiya zuwa yankin suna son ta. Etihad kuwa tana fama, saboda kawai babu isasshen masu tafiya da za su sa kamfanoni biyu da ke kusa da juna su shahara kamar Emirates.

The limitation upon anyone trying to emulate Dubai is that there can only be one hub of tourism and finance in the region. By definition, there cannot be two hubs in one place. The example of two regional airlines is sufficient to explain this point. Emirates are an airline that runs out of Dubai, whilst Etihad runs from Abu Dhabi. Emirates have managed to establish itself as a brand and are popular with people travelling to the region. Etihad on the other hand struggles, as there simply is not enough traffic to make two airlines so close to each both as popular as Emirates.

Duniyar bayan masana'antu, samun babban bangaren hidimomi ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin sharaɗi na tattalin arziƙin ƙarni na 21. Duka Amurka da Birtaniya suna da bangarorin hidimomi da suka kai sama da kashi 70 cikin ɗari na tattalin arzikinsu. Amma Dubai da duniyar Musulmi ba su taɓa shiga zamanin masana'antu ba, don haka zama tattalin arziƙin da ya dogara da hidimomi ba tsari ne mai dorewa ba, kuma ya saɓa gaba ɗaya da hanyar da ƙasashen Yamma suka bi har suka zama tattalin arziƙi masu zaman kansu, waɗanda a yau suke da tushen masana'antu, manyan sojoji, da bangarorin noma da gwamnati ke tallafawa. Kamar yadda aka gani a lokacin rikicin kuɗi na credit crunch, tsarin Dubai kumfa ce mai ƙaruwa da ke jiran ta fashe.

In a post-industrial world having a large service sector is considered a prerequisite for the 21st century economy, both the US and the UK have service sectors that make-up more then 70% of the economy. However, Dubai as well as the Muslim world never went through industrialisation, thus becoming service based economies is not a sustainable model and is in complete contradiction to the path the Western world took to become independent economies, which today have a manufacturing base, large militaries and state funded agricultural sectors. Like the credit crunch the Dubai model is an inflating bubble waiting to burst.