Kuwaunda Watu Kuwa Umma Moja - Ukhalifa wa Kiislamu | Quran Course

Kuwaunda Watu Kuwa Umma Moja - Ukhalifa wa Kiislamu | Quran Course

Kuchanganyika kwa Waislamu na wenyeji wa nchi zilizoshindwa kulikuwa miongoni mwa sababu kuu zilizowafanya watu hao waingie katika Uislamu na kuungana na Waislamu wengine. Baada ya kuiteka nchi fulani, Waislamu walikaa humo na kuanza kuwafundisha watu Uislamu na utamaduni wa Kiislamu. Waliishi katika nyumba jirani, walishiriki katika mambo yote ya maisha, na wakawa raia wa nchi moja, wakitawaliwa na sheria zilezile. Kamwe hazikuwepo jamii mbili tofauti zilizotengwa, moja ya washindi na nyingine ya walioshindwa, moja ya washindi na nyingine ya walioshindwa. Wote walikuwa raia wa Dola waliosaidiana katika mambo yao ya kila siku. Watu walioshindwa waliwatazama watawala kama watu wa aina tofauti ambao hawakuwahi kukutana nao hapo awali. Waliona usawa ambao watawala waliwatendea, kwa kujiweka katika kiwango kimoja nao, kuwahudumia na kusimamia mambo yao. Walipata matibabu mazuri kutoka kwa watawala wenye sifa za juu, jambo lililowafanya washikamane na watawala na Uislamu. Watawala na Waislamu wengine walikuwa wakiowa wanawake kutoka Watu wa Kitabu (Mayahudi na Wakristo), wakila nyama yao iliyochinjwa na chakula chao. Hili lilikuwa kichocheo kwao kuingia katika Uislamu, kwa sababu waliona athari ya Uislamu kupitia watawala na kuona nuru ya Uislamu kupitia mfumo uliotekelezwa kwao. Matokeo yake, watu hao waliunganika na kuunda Ummah mmoja.

The mixing of the Muslim with the indigenous people was one of the major factors that led to those people entering Islam and integrating with other Muslims. After conquering a country, the Muslims would take up residence there and begin teaching the people Islam and Islamic culture. They lived in neighboring houses, they shared in all of life’s affairs and became subjects of one country, being ruled by the same laws. There never existed two different segregated communities divided into conquerors and conquered, winners and the defeated. They were all citizens of the State who helped each other in their daily affairs. The conquered people looked upon the rulers as being a different type of people whom they had never encountered before. They witnessed the equality with which they treated them by placing themselves on the same level and serving them and managing their affairs. They experienced fine treatment by rulers of high qualities and this made them adherent towards the rulers and towards Islam. The rulers and other Muslims would marry women from the People of the Book (Jews and Christians), eat their slaughtered meat and their food. This served as an incentive for them to enter Islam because they witnessed the effect of Islam through the rulers and saw the light of Islam through the system being implemented upon them. As a result, these people became integrated and constituted a single Ummah.

Mabadiliko makubwa ambayo Uislamu ulileta kwa wale waliouukubali yalipelekea kuinuka kwa kiwango chao cha kiakili. Hili lilijenga ndani yao 'Aqeedah ya Kiislamu, ambayo ikawa msingi wa kiitikadi ambao dhana zote zilijengwa juu yake na kupimwa kwake. Matokeo yake, Uislamu uliwatoa kutoka kwenye imani inayotegemea hisia (imani) na kuwapeleka kwenye imani yenye msingi wa kiakili. Uliwabadilisha kutoka kwenye kuabudu sanamu, picha, binadamu wenzao, na moto, na kuamini utatu na aina nyingine za ibada zinazofanana na hizo, ambazo zilisababisha kushuka sana kwa kiwango cha kiakili, na kuwapeleka kwenye kumwabudu Allah (SWT), jambo ambalo lilipelekea na litaendelea kupelekea kuanzishwa kwa akili yenye mwangaza. Uislamu uliwafanya waamini Akhera na uliwaongoza kuielewa kama Qur'ani na Sunnah zinavyoiwasilisha, pamoja na malipo na adhabu zilizomo ndani yake. Hivyo wakaiona kuwa ni ya kweli, na hili likawaongoza kupata maana sahihi ya maisha haya, yakiwa ndiyo njia ya kuelekea maisha mengine yenye furaha zaidi na ya milele. Waliyapokea maisha kwa mikono miwili wala hawakuyapuuza. Walitumia njia zake na kufurahia starehe na mali ambazo Allah (SWT) - Yeye aliyetoa vigezo sahihi na mitazamo sahihi ya maisha - aliwapa.

The comprehensive change that Islam caused in those who embraced it led to the raising of the intellectual level of those new Muslims. This developed in them the Islamic ‘Aqeedah which became an ideological basis upon which all concepts were founded and measured. As a result, Islam took them from an emotional based belief (faith) to a rationally founded belief. It transformed them from the worship of idols, icons, other human beings, and fire, and the belief in the trinity and other similar types of worship, which led to a steep decline in the intellectual level, to the worship of Allah (swt), which led and will continue to lead to the establishment of an enlightened mind. Islam made them believe in the Hereafter and led them to comprehend it in the way that the Qur’an and the Sunnah have presented it and the reward and punishment in it. So they conceived of it as being real and this led them to acquire a true meaning of this life thus being the path to another happier and eternal life. They held life with open arms and they did not neglect it. They took its means and enjoyed the pleasures and wealth that Allah (swt) - the One who provided the right criteria and perceptions of life.

Kabla ya kuja kwa Uislamu, kigezo chao cha maisha kilijengwa juu ya maslahi binafsi peke yake, kama kingekuwa ndicho kinachodhibiti kila kitendo wanachofanya. Baada ya kuukubali Uislamu, kigezo cha matendo yao kilibadilika na kikawa kinategemea kilicho Halali na kilicho Haramu. Kigezo hiki kikawa ndicho nguvu inayoongoza matendo yao, na miongozo yake ikawa kulingana na kile ambacho Allah (SWT) ameamuru na kukataza. Lengo la matendo yao likawa kupata radhi za Allah. Thamani ya kitendo ikawa ndiyo lengo lililo nyuma ya kutekelezwa kwa kitendo hicho. Kitendo kingekuwa cha kiroho kikiwa ni sala au Jihadi; kingekuwa cha kimali kikiwa ni kununua au kuuza; kingekuwa cha kimaadili kikiwa ni amana au tendo la huruma; kingekuwa cha kibinadamu kikiwa ni kumsaidia mtu katika dharura, na kadhalika. Watu wakaanza kutofautisha kati ya nia iliyo nyuma ya kitendo na thamani ya kitendo chenyewe. Matokeo yake, mtazamo wao wa maisha ukabadilika na kuwa tofauti na ule wa awali. Ukawa mtazamo wa kweli kuhusu maisha, unaopimwa kwa kigezo ambacho Uislamu umekiweka, nacho ni amri za Allah (SWT).

Prior to the advent of Islam, their criterion of life was based on personal interest as the only controls to perform any action. After the acceptance of Islam, the criterion of their actions changed and came to be based on what is Halal and what is Haram. This criterion became the driving force behind their actions, and its guidelines were according to what Allah (swt) had commanded and prohibited. The aim of their actions became attaining Allah’s pleasure. The value of the action became the objective behind the performance of the action. It would be spiritual if it were prayer or Jihad; material if it were buying or selling; moral if it was a trust or an act of compassion; humanitarian if one was being assisted in a crisis, etc. People began differentiating between the motive behind the action and the value of the action. As a result, their conception of life became different from their previous one. It became the true conception about the life measured by a criterion that Islam had set, this being the commands of Allah (swt).

Dhana ya Waislamu wapya kuhusu lengo kuu zaidi la maisha ilibadilika hapo. Zamani watu walikuwa na malengo tofauti na yaliyobadilika kila mara. Sasa walipata lengo moja la mwisho na la pekee. Hili lilisababisha mabadiliko ya mambo yaliyokuwa muhimu kwao na mabadiliko ya maana ya wema. Msingi wa wema hapo awali ulijumuisha mambo kama ujasiri wa kibinafsi, staha na heshima ya mtu binafsi, kuungwa mkono na kundi lake, kujivunia utajiri na asili tukufu, ukarimu uliopitiliza, uaminifu kwa kabila au ukoo, ukatili katika kulipiza kisasi na vitendo vingine vya aina hiyo. Uislamu ulibadilisha yote hayo. Ulifanya sifa hizi zote kuwa za thamani ndogo, ambazo mwanadamu anaweza kuzichukua au kuziacha kulingana na amri za Mwenyezi Mungu, si kulingana na manufaa yanayozalisha, wala kiburi au hadhi zinazoambatana nazo, wala kwa sababu ni mila, desturi au urithi ambao mtu analazimika kuuhifadhi. Uislamu uliamuru utiifu kwa amri za Mwenyezi Mungu pekee. Kwa hiyo, Uislamu uliagiza kwamba maslahi ya mtu binafsi, ya kabila, ya watu wa kawaida na ya taifa yawasilishwe kwa amri za Uislamu pekee.

The new Muslims’ concept of the highest ideal changed therein. In the past the people had different and ever changing ideals. Now they acquired the one and only ultimate objective. This resulted in the changing of things that mattered to them and in changing the definition of virtue. The basis of virtues formerly included things like personal courage, individual decency and respectability, sectarian backing, boasting about wealth and noble descent, generosity to the point of extravagance, faithfulness to the tribe or clan, mercilessness in revenge and other similar acts. Islam changed all that. It made all of these qualities trivial, which the human could take or leave according to Allah’s decrees, not according to the benefits they generated, nor to the pride or prestige which they entailed, nor because they were traditions or customs or a heritage one had to preserve. Islam mandated the submission to Allah’s orders only. Therefore, Islam enjoined the submitting of the individual, tribal, popular, and national interests to the commands of Islam only.