7.2 Zamanin Abu Bakr 632-634 CE/11-13 AH - Usool At-tafseer | Quran Course

7.2 Zamanin Abu Bakr 632-634 CE/11-13 AH - Usool At-tafseer | Quran Course

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7.2 Zamanin Abu Bakr 632-634 CE/11-13 AH

7.2 The Era Of Aboo Bakr 632-634 Ce/11-13 Ah

by Shu‘bah ibn al-Hajjaaj, Sufyaan ibn ‘Uyaynah and it was translated by Dr. M. Abdul Haq Ansari2 min readViewed 101 times

Bayan rasuwar Annabi (ﷺ), an samu kungiyoyi uku manya masu adawa da Musulunci a yankin Larabawa:

After the death of the Prophet (ﷺ), there arose three main groups opposed to Islaam in the Arabian peninsula:

Rukuni na farko shi ne waɗanda suka yanke shawarar cewa ba sa son biyan zakkar Musulunci ga kowa sai Manzon Allah ﷺ. Ba su ɗauka cewa zakka rukunin Musulunci ne kamar salla, azumi da hajji ba. Maimakon haka sun kalle ta a matsayin haraji; wani nau'in haraji da ake biya ga wanda ya ci su da yaƙi. Saboda haka, bayan Manzon Allah ﷺ ya rasu, sun ji cewa ba sa ƙara zama dole su biya ta. Lokacin da Abu Bakr ya zama shugaban ƙasar Musulunci, wannan rukuni ya ƙi biyan zakka, sannan ya aika da sojoji zuwa babban birni, Madina, domin su hambarar da ƙasar Musulunci. Sun buƙaci a yafe musu biyan zakka, in ba haka ba za su kai hari su lalata cibiyoyin Musulunci.71

1. The first group was made up of those who decided that they did not want to pay the Islaamic tax, zakaah, to anyone other than the Prophet (r). They did not feel that zakaah was a pillar of Islaam like salaah, sawm and hajj. They instead looked at zakaah as a tribute; a kind of tax paid to the one who conquered them. So, when the Prophet (r) died, they felt that they were no longer required to pay it. When Aboo Bakr became the leader of the Muslim state, this group refused to pay the zakaah and sent armies to the capital, Madeenah, in order to topple the Muslim state. They demanded to be excused from paying zakaah, or else they would attack and destroy the centers of Islaam.71

ʿUmar ɗan al-Khaṭṭāb ya fahimci haɗarin abin da ke faruwa, kuma ya ji tsoron cewa idan ba a yi wani abu nan take ba, Alƙur'ani zai ɓace ga al'ummar Musulmi masu zuwa. Ya je wurin Khalifa Abū Bakr, ya ba shi shawarar a rubuta dukan Alƙur'ani a cikin littafi ɗaya don a kiyaye shi daga ɓacewa. Abū Bakr da farko ya ki yin haka, domin Annabi ﷺ bai umarce su da yin hakan ba. Ya ji tsoron kawo wani sabon abu cikin addini, domin Annabi ﷺ ya yi musu gargaɗi game da canza addinin. Ya sani cewa Kiristoci sun ɓace kafin su ta hanyar canza addinin da Annabi ʿĪsā ya kawo bayan ya bar su, don haka Abū Bakr ya yi matuƙar adawa da yin kowane canji a addinin yadda Annabi Muhammad ﷺ ya bar shi.

‘Umar ibn al-Khattaab realized the danger of what was happening and feared that if something was not done immediately, the Qur’aan would be lost to future generations of Muslims. He went to Caliph Aboo Bakr and advised him to have the whole Qur’aan written down in one book in order to preserve it from being lost. Aboo Bakr at first refused to do so, as the Prophet (ﷺ) had not told them to do it. He was afraid of bringing anything new into the religion, because the Prophet (ﷺ) had warned them about changing the religion. He knew that the Christians had gone astray before them by changing the religion which Prophet ‘Eesaa had brought after he left them, so Aboo Bakr was very much against making any changes in the religion as it had been left by Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ).

Duk da haka, bayan ya yi tunani sosai game da lamarin, sai ya fahimci cewa shawarar ‘Umar daidai take, kuma ba canji ne na gaske a addini ba. Annabi (ﷺ) ya umarci mutane su rubuta ayoyi da surorin Alqur'ani daban-daban yayin da ake saukar da shi, domin a kiyaye shi. Don haka tattara duk abin da aka rubuta zuwa littafi guda cikakke ya zama kawai kammala abin da Annabi (ﷺ) ya fara.

However, after thinking over the situation carefully, he came to realize that ‘Umar’s advice was right and that it was not really a change in the religion. The Prophet (ﷺ) had ordered them to write down the various verses and chapters of the Qur’aan while it was being revealed in order to help preserve it. Compiling all of what was written into one complete book was then only the completion of what the Prophet (ﷺ) had begun.