Arab tilida qasam (qasam), xuddi ingliz tilidagidek, gapda undan keyin keladigan fikrning muhimligi yoki haqiqatligini o‘quvchi yoki tinglovchi ongida kuchaytirish uchun ishlatiladi. Ingliz tilida eng keng tarqalgan shakl "by God" bo‘lib, bunda "by" so‘zi "xuddi Xudoga ishonganimdek, shunchalik aniq ravishda" degan iborani anglatadi. Biroq arab tilshunoslari qasamning shaklini an'anaviy ravishda uch asosiy qismga bo‘lib kelganlar:

The oath (qasam) in Arabic, as in English, is used to emphasize in the mind of the reader or listener the importance or truthfulness of the idea which follows it in the sentence. In English, the most common format is “by God,” wherein “by” represents the phrase “as surely as I believe in.” However, Arabic linguists have traditionally divided the format of the oath into three basic parts:

1. Fe'l: "Men qasam ichaman;"

1. the verb: “I swear by;”

2. qasam qilinadigan shaxs, narsa yoki voqea;

2. the person, thing, or event by which the oathis taken;

3. Qasam qilinadigan shaxs, narsa yoki voqea.31

3. the person, thing, or event on which the oath is taken.31

"Aqsimu bi" (“qasam qilaman”) iborasi ko‘pincha “bi” (“bilan”) yuklamasigacha qisqartiriladi, “ta” va “wa” esa “bi” o‘rnida ishlatiladi. Bu yuklamalar qasam qilinayotgan shaxs yoki narsa bilan birlashtiriladi. Shunday qilib, “Allohga qasam” ma’nosidagi qasam arab tilida “Aqsimu bil-laah”, “bil-laah”, “tallaah” yoki “wal-laah” tarzida ifodalanishi mumkin. Ba’zan fe’l, yuklama va qasam qilinayotgan shaxs yoki narsaning o‘zi ham tushirib qoldiriladi va faqat qasam qilinayotgan shaxs, narsa yoki voqea qoladi, uning oldiga esa ta’kid yuklamasi “la” qo‘shiladi. Bu turdagi tushirib qoldirishga misol sifatida quyidagi oyatni keltirish mumkin:

The phrase, “I swear by” (aqsimu bi) is often reduced to the particle “by” (“bi”), and “ ta” and “wa” are often used in place of “bi.” These particles are then joined to the person or thing by which the oath is taken. Hence the oath, “I swear by Allaah,” may be expressed in Arabic as, “Aqsimu bil-laah,” “bil-laah,” “ tallaah,” or “wal-laah.” Occasionally both the verb, the particle, and the person or thing by which the oath is taken are all deleted, leaving only the person, thing, or event on which the oath is taken, prefixed with la, a particle of emphasis. An example of this type of deletion can be found in the verse,

Ushbu oyat shunday o'qilishi kerak: "[Allohga qasamki,] albatta, siz sinovga solinasiz." Qur'oni Karimda qasamlarning aksariyati yaratilgan narsalar bilan qilingan; masalan,

This verse should read, “[By Allaah,] you will certainly be tested.” In the Qur’aan, the vast majority of oaths are made by created things; for example,

Biroq, Allohning nomi bilan qasam ichish mumkin bo‘lgan aniq yetti o‘rin bor.34 Alloh Payg‘ambarga (ﷺ) bu yetti o‘rindan uchtasida Alloh nomi bilan qasam ichishni buyuradi, quyidagi misolda ko‘rsatilganidek:

However, there are exactly seven places where oaths are made by Allaah.34 Allaah commands the Prophet (ﷺ) to swear by Allaah in three of those places, as in the following example:

Qolgan to'rt holatda Alloh O'zi bilan qasam ichadi, quyidagi misolda bo'lgani kabi:

In the remaining four instances, Allaah swears by Himself, as in the following example:

Allohning yaratuvchi ekanligi barcha narsalarga nisbatan, U xohlagan narsa bilan qasam ichishi mumkin; ammo inson Allohdan boshqa hech narsa bilan qasam ichishi joiz emas. Sababi, qasam ko'pincha odam eng yuqori darajada hurmat qiladigan narsa bilan ichiladi va bunday hurmat faqat Allohga ravo ko'rilishi kerak. Shuning uchun yulduzlar bilan, otasining qabri bilan, hatto Payg'ambar ﷺ bilan yoki Ka'ba bilan qasam ichish harom bo'lib, shirk (Allohga sherik keltirish) hisoblanadi. Solih xalifa va Payg'ambar ﷺning yaqin sahobasi 'Umar ibn al-Xattob rivoyat qilishicha, Allohning Elchisi ﷺ shunday degan:

Allaah, being the creator of all things may swear by whatever he wishes; however, man is not allowed to swear by anything but Allaah. The reason being that oaths are taken by the things which one holds in the highest of esteem and only Allaah should be revered in this manner. Hence, oaths by the stars, by one’s father’s grave or even by the Prophet (ﷺ) or by the Ka‘bah are all forbidden and considered shirk (associating partners with Allaah). The Righteous Caliph and close companion of the Prophet (ﷺ), ‘Umar ibn al-Khattaab, reported that Allaah’s Messenger (ﷺ) said,

Alloh Taolo O'zining yaratilish mo''jizalari bilan qasam ichadi, chunki ularning barchasi Uni Yaratuvchi va Ta'minlovchi sifatida ko'rsatadi.

Almighty Allaah swears by the wonders of His creation because they all point to Him as the Creator and Sustainer.

Qur'onda ba'zan qasam ichilgan narsa yoki voqea o'chirib tashlanishi mumkin. Bunday o'chirish kontekstning aniqligi va qasamning o'zi nazarda tutadigan ma'no tufayli bo'lishi mumkin; masalan, quyidagi qasamlar:

Occasionally in the Qur’aan, the very thing or event on which an oath is taken may be deleted. Deletion in this case may be due to the clarity of the context and the implication of the oath itself; for example, the oaths:

va undan keyingi oyat:

and the verse following them:

ko‘rsatadiki, qasamlar qilingan voqealar qoldirilgan bo‘lib, ular: “siz tirilasiz va hisob-kitob qilinasiz”. Arab tilida bunday qoldirish ohangni keskinlashtirish va oqibatni yanada kuchli ta’sirlantirish uchun qo‘llanadi, xuddi ingliz tilida ogohlantirish berilganda aytiladigan: “Bunday qilishni to‘xtatganing ma’qul, aks holda!” kabi gaplarga o‘xshab.

indicate that the missing events on which the oaths were taken are, “you will be resurrected and judged.” This type of deletion in Arabic is used to dramatically increase the effect of the passage, much in the same way that warnings are orally expressed in English; for example, “You had better stop doing that, or else!”