5.3 Bilvosita vahiy
5.3 Indirect Revelation
Allohning vahiysining aksariyati payg‘ambarlarga farishta Jibril orqali yetkazilgan. Oxirgi vahiy kitobi bo‘lgan Qur’on ham asosan shu usulda nozil bo‘lgan. Vahiyning bu shakli Payg‘ambar ﷺ ga ikki yo‘l bilan yetib kelgan: yo qo‘ng‘iroq jarangining aks-sadosidek takrorlanuvchi tovush shaklida, yo bo‘lmasa farishtaning bevosita so‘zlashi shaklida.
The vast majority of Allaah’s revelation was conveyed to the prophets by way of the angel of revelation, Jibreel. The final book of revelation, the Qur’aan, was revealed in this way for the most part. This form of revelation reached the Prophet (ﷺ) in two ways: either in the form of the reverbrating sound like the gong of a bell, or in the form of the direct speech of the angel.
Birinchi holatda farishta ruhiy holatda qoldi va Payg'ambar ﷺ
In the first case, the angel remained in a spiritual state and the Prophet (r)
...ruhiy jihatdan muayyan darajaga ko'tarilishi talab qilinardi — vahiy qabul qilishga mos holatga yetishi kerak edi. Bu usul Payg'ambarga (ﷺ) juda og'ir kelardi. Bu paytda farishtaning ovozi ulkan qo'ng'iroqning baland jarangiga o'xshardi. Sahobiy al-Horis ibn Hishom bir marta Payg'ambardan (ﷺ) vahiy o'ziga qanday kelishini tasvirlab berishni so'radi. Payg'ambar (ﷺ) javob berdi:
was required to raise spiritually to a suitable state in which to receive the revelation. This method was extremely taxing on the Prophet (ﷺ). During it the voice of the angel resembled the loud ringing of a giant bell. The sahaabee alHaarith ibn Hishaam once asked the Prophet (ﷺ) to describe how the revelation came to him. The Prophet (ﷺ) replied,
“Ba'zan u menga qo'ng'iroq jiringlashi kabi keladi — men uchun bu eng og'ir shakl — so'ngra jiringlash to'xtaydi va men (farishta) aytgan narsani tushunib olaman.” 20
“Sometimes it comes to me like the ringing of a bell—this is the most severe form for me—then the ringing ceases and I have understood what (the angel) said.” 20
Oysha (roziyallohu anho) bu holatning shiddatini quyidagicha ta’riflagan: “Men uni juda sovuq kunda vahiy unga nozil bo‘layotganini ko‘rganman, lekin u to‘xtagach, uning peshonasidan ter oqardi.”21
‘Aa’ishah described the intensity of this form as follows: “I have seen him when revelation (wahy) descended upon him on an extremely cold day, yet when it stopped his forehead would be dripping with sweat.”21
Ikkinchi usul Payg'ambar (ﷺ) uchun birinchi usulga qaraganda ancha yengil edi.
The second method was much easier for the Prophet (ﷺ) to bear than the first.
Bunday holatda farishta ruhiy olamni tark etib, Payg'ambar ﷺ ga ko'rinardi
In this case, the angel would leave the spiritual world, appear to the Prophet (ﷺ)
…insoniy ko‘rinishda namoyon bo‘lib va vahyni insoniy nutq vositasida yetkazar edi. Payg‘ambar (ﷺ) bu ko‘rinishni al-Horis ibn Hishomga quyidagicha ta’riflab bergan:
in human form and pass on the revelation in the medium of human speech. The Prophet (ﷺ) described this form to al-Haarith ibn Hishaam as follows:
"Ba'zan farishta menga bir odam shaklida ko'rinadi va men bilan gaplashadi, va u aytgan barcha narsani men tushunib olaman." 22
“Occasionally the angel appears before me in the form of a man and speaks to me, and I grasp all that he says.” 22
Sahih al-Bukhariy, 1-jild, 2-bet, 2-hadis.
20 Sahih Al-Bukhari, vol. 1, p. 2, no. 2.
21 Ibid.
21 Ibid.
22 Ibid.
22 Ibid.