Ilohiy vahiy deb tan olinishi uchun biror kitob o‘tmish, hozirgi va kelajak haqidagi tasvirlarida voqelik bilan to‘liq aniq bo‘lishi kerak. Qur’onda avvalgi payg‘ambarlar va ularning qavmlari haqida ko‘p hikoyalar bor. Bu hikoyalarning ba’zi unsurlari tekshirilib, aniqligi tasdiqlanishi mumkin.

For a scripture to qualify as divinely revealed it must be totally accurate in its descriptions of reality: the past, the present and the future. The Qur’aan has many stories about previous prophets and their peoples. Some of these stories have elements in them that can be checked out for their accuracy.

Qur'onning tarixiy tavsiflardagi aniqligiga bir misol — Yusuf (Yusuf) alayhissalom haqidagi hikoya. U Misrda qulga sotilgan, ammo davlat boshqaruvida muhim lavozimga ko‘tarilgan va shu sababli butun oilasini u yerda hurmat bilan yashashga olib kelish imkoniga ega bo‘lgan. Ko‘pchilik tarixchilar Isroil o‘g‘illarining Misrga kirishi mamlakatning shimoliy yarmini Hiksoslar boshqarib turgan paytga to‘g‘ri kelgan, deb hisoblaydilar. Hiksoslar Qadimgi Podsholik yuksalganidan beri bu mamlakatni boshqargan birinchi misr bo‘lmagan kishilar — semit bosqinchilar edi. Qur'on Musa alayhissalom bilan to‘qnashgan Misr hukmdorini doim “Fir’avn” unvoni bilan ataydi. Bu unvon Amenxotep IV hukmronligidan, miloddan avvalgi XIV asrdan boshlab har bir Misr hukmdoriga berilgan, undan oldin esa berilmagan. Yusuf esa Amenxotep IV dan kamida ikki yuz yil oldin yashagan. Qur'on Yusuf davridagi hukmdorni doimo “al-malik” — podshoh deb ataydi.

One example of the Qur’aan’s precision in its historical descriptions is in the story of Prophet Yoosuf (Joseph), who was sold as a slave in Egypt, but rose to become an important official in the government, which made it possible for him to bring his whole family to live there in honor. Most historians agree that the entry of the Children of Israel into Egypt occurred when the northern half of the country was ruled by the Hyksos, Semitic invaders who were the first nonEgyptians to rule that country since the rise of the Old Kingdom. The Qur’aan always calls the Egyptian ruler who confronted Moses by the title of “Pharaoah.” Every Egyptian ruler was called by this title starting from the reign of Amenhotep IV in the 14th century BC, but not before that. Yoosuf lived at least two hundred years before Amenhotep IV. The Qur’aan consistently refers to the ruler in Yoosuf’s time, as “ al-malik,” the king:

Shuni ta'kidlash kerakki, Injil (Bibliya) Yusuf davridagi hukmdorni "Fir'avn" deb ataydi, bu esa Musodan asrlar o'tib Eski Ahd kitoblarini yozgan kotiblar tomonidan kiritilgan anaxronizmdir.50

It should be noted that the Bible refers to the ruler of Joseph’s time as “Pharaoah,” which was an anachronism inserted by the scribes who wrote the books of the Old Testament centuries after Moses.50

Ba'zi tanqidchilar Qur'onning tarixiy aniqligiga hujum qilish uchun ayrim tafsilotlarni ilib olishgan. Buning mashhur misoli — Maryam (ar. Maryam) yolg'iz joyda Iso bilan tug'ib, bolasi bilan qavmi oldiga kelganida, uning qavmi unga aytgan so'zlari.

Some critics have seized on certain details to try attack the Qur’aan’s historical accuracy. A famous example is the statement of her people to Mary (Ar.Maryam) when she appeared with the baby Jesus after giving birth to him in an isolated place:

Tanqidchilar muallif Iso onasi Maryam va Horun singlisi Miriam degan ikki tarixiy shaxsni chalkashtirib yuborgan, deb ta'kidlaydilar. Bu chalkashlik aslida ularning arablar tilidan qanday foydalanishi haqidagi bilimsizligining natijasidir. Qur'oni Karim Hudni 'Odning birodari deb ataydi.

The critics argue that the author confused two historical figures: Mary, the mother of Jesus, and Miriam, the sister of Aaron. The confusion here is really a result of their ignorance about how the Arabs use their language. The Qur’aan refers to Prophet Hood as the brother of ‘Aad:

Arablar qabilalarni ularning asl bobosi nomi bilan atashgan. ‘Ad qabilasi ‘Ad ismli kishining avlodi edi. Hud, o‘sha kishining haqiqatan ham akasi bo‘lmagan va qabilaning har bir a’zosining ham haqiqiy akasi bo‘lmagan, lekin bu arablar tomonidan biror xalqqa mansublikni bildirish uchun ishlatiladigan ifoda edi. Maryam Horun avlodidan edi. Shuning uchun uni Horunning singlisi deb atashadi. Shunga o‘xshash foydalanish bilan Yangi Ahdda Yahyo Suvga cho‘mdiruvchining onasi Elizabet Horunning qizi deb ataladi.53

The Arabs refer to tribes by the patriarch from whom they are descended. The tribe of ‘Aad was descended from a man named ‘Aad. Hood was not literally that man’s brother, nor was he literally the brother of every member of his tribe, but this is an expression used by the Arabs to indicate association with a people. Mary was a descendant of Aaron. That is why she is referred to as the sister of Aaron. In a similar usage, the New Testament refers to Elizabeth, the mother of John the Baptist as a daughter of Aaron.53