4. Tahap Keempat: Mekar
4. The Fourth Statge: The Flowering
Tahap ini berlangsung kira-kira dari 750 M hingga 950 M, dan meliputi kebangkitan Dinasti 'Abbasiyyah yang diasaskan oleh Khalifah Abul-'Abbaas (memerintah 750-754)109, pengukuhannya, serta permulaan kemerosotannya. Pada zaman inilah Fiqh terbentuk sebagai ilmu Islam yang berdiri sendiri; keilmuan Islam disokong secara aktif oleh khalifah, dan ia berkembang pesat apabila perbincangan dan perdebatan mengenai isu-isu kontroversi menjadi meluas; mazhab-mazhab semakin banyak; pelbagai himpunan Hadis dan Fiqh telah disusun; dan terjemahan karya-karya saintifik, falsafah dan teologi ke dalam bahasa Arab memberi pengaruh terhadap pemikiran Islam. Menjelang akhir tempoh ini, Fiqh jelas terbahagi kepada dua bahagian: Prinsip-prinsip asas (Usul)
This stage extends from approximately 750 CE to 950 CE, and covers the rise of the ‘Abbaasid Dynasty founded by Caliph Abul-‘Abbaas (reign 750-754)109, its consolidation and the beginning of its decline. It was during this period that Fiqh took shape as an independent Islamic science; Islamic scholarship was actively supported by the caliph and it flourished as discussion and debate on controversial issues became widespread; Madh-habs multiplied’ various compilations of Hadeeth and Fiqh were made; and Arabic translations of scientific, philosophical and theological works exerted influence on Islamic thought. By the end of the period, Fiqh was clearly divided into two sections; Fundamental principles (Usool)
dan prinsip-prinsip sekunder dalam karya-karya saintifik, falsafah dan teologi (Furoo'); sumber-sumber hukum Islam telah dikenal pasti dan perbezaan-perbezaan berkembang antara mazhab-mazhab utama yang memisahkan mereka antara satu sama lain. 110
and secondary principles of scientific, philosophical and theological works (Furoo’); sources of Islamic law were identified and deferences developed between the major Madh-habs separating them from each other. 110