4.13 Wa'adin lokacin Khalifah
4.13 The time term of the Khalifah
Lokacin zaman Khalifah a kan mulki ba a ƙayyade shi da wani ƙayyadadden lokaci ba. Muddin Khalifah yana bin Shari'a, yana aiwatar da dokokinta, kuma yana iya gudanar da ayyukan Daula da nauyin da ke kan Khilafah, zai ci gaba da zama a kan mulki. Wannan saboda nassosin da suka zo game da bai'ah sun zo ba tare da ƙayyadewa ba (mutlaq), kuma ba a takaita su da wani lokaci na musamman ba. Anas ɗan Malik ya ruwaito cewa Manzon Allah ﷺ ya ce:
The time term of the Khalifah in office is not determined by a certain period. As long as the Khalifah abides by the Sharia, executes its laws and is able to perform the duties of the State and the responsibilities of the Khilafah, he remains in office. This is because the texts concerning the bayah came as undefined (mutlaq) and were not restricted to any specific period of time. Anas b. Malik reported that the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said: .
"Ku ji ku kuma ku yi biyayya, ko da an yi muku mulki da wani bawa Habasha, wanda gashin kansa yana kama da zabibi." [Bukhari, Sahih, #7142].
"Do hear and obey, even if you were ruled by an Abyssinian slave, whose hair is like the raisin". [Bukhari, Sahih, #7142] .
A cikin wata riwayar ya ce ﷺ:
In another narration He (PBUH) said: .
"…muddin dai ya yi maka jagora da Littafin Allah".
"…as long as he leads you by the Book of Allah". .
Bugu da kari, dukkan Khulafa Rashidun an yi musu bai'ah mutlaqa (wadda ba ta da iyaka), wadda aka ambata a cikin Hadisai. Ba su kasance a kan wata ƙayyadaddiyar lokaci a kan mulki ba. Kowannensu ya ci gaba da riƙe matsayin Khalifanci har sai ya rasu; kuma wannan yana wakiltar ijma'in gaba ɗaya daga Sahabbai (RA), wanda ke tabbatar da cewa Khalifanci ba shi da ƙayyadajjen wa'adin mulki, sai dai ba shi da iyaka. Don haka idan aka yi wa Khalifa bai'ah, zai ci gaba da zama a kan mulki har ya mutu. Sai dai idan Khalifan ya samu wani canji da ya sa bai cancanci wannan matsayi ba, ko kuma ya zama wajibi a cire shi, to wa'adin mulkinsa zai ƙare kuma za a cire shi. Duk da haka, ba za a fahimci haka a matsayin takaita wa'adin Khalifancinsa ba, face dai kawai alamar cewa an keta sharuddan Khalifanci. Domin ƙalmar bai'ah, wadda nassoshin Shari'a da ijma'in Sahabbai suka tabbatar, tana sa Khalifanci ya zama mara iyaka a lokaci. Wa'adin mulkin Khalifa kuwa an takaita shi ne ta fuskar abin da aka yi masa bai'ah a kansa, watau yin mulki bisa Littafi da Sunna da aiwatar da dokokinsu. Saboda haka, idan ya kasa tsayawa da Shari'a ko kuma ya ki aiwatar da ita, to dole ne a cire shi.
Furthermore, all the Khulafa Rashideen were given an undefined (mutlaq) bayah which is the one mentioned in the Ahadith. They were not of a limited period (in office). Each one of them assumed the post of Khilafah until he died; and this represents a general consensus from the Sahabah (ra), confirming that the Khilafah is not of a limited term of office but is unrestricted. Thus if a Khalifah is given a bayah, he remains in office until he dies.. However, if the Khalifah underwent a change that made him unfit for the post, or necessitated his removal, his term would be terminated and he would be removed. However, this cannot be interpreted as a limitation to his Khilafah term, but merely to indicate that a breach of the Khilafah’s conditions had occurred. For the wording of the bayah, confirmed in the Shariah texts and the general consensus of the Sahabah makes the Khilafah of an unlimited term of office. The term of office of the Khalifah is rather restricted in terms of the Khalifah’s undertaking of what he was given the bayah for, i.e. to rule by the Book and the Sunnah and execute their Laws. Thus if it were that he did not uphold the Sharia or did not implement it, then he must be removed.