8.3 Na uku: Masana'antu
8.3 Thirdly: The industry
Manzon Allah ﷺ ya ba da umarni a kera majajjawa (catapult) da motar yaƙi mai sulke. Al-Bayhaqi ya ambata a cikin Sunan cewa Abu ‘Ubaydah (ra) ya ce: “Sai Manzon Allah ﷺ ya kewaye Ta’if da kewaye, ya kafa majajjawa a kansu tsawon kwana sha bakwai.” Abu Dawud ya ruwaito a cikin al-Marasil daga Makhul cewa: “Annabi ﷺ ya kafa majajjawa a kan mutanen Ta’if.” Al-San’ani ya ce a cikin Subul al-Salam cewa masu ruwaitonsa amintattu ne. Marubucin Sirah Halabiyyah ya ce: “Salman al-Farisi (ra) ne ya umarce shi da yin haka. Ya ce, ‘A ƙasar Farisa mun kan kafa majajjawa a saman katanga, mu buga abokan gābanmu da ita.’ An ce Salman (ra) ne ya ƙera ta da hannunsa.” Ibn al-Qayyim ya ruwaito daga Sa’d ibn Mu’adh, sannan Ibn Hisham a cikin Sirar Ibn Ishaq: ..
The Messenger (PBUH) ordered the manufacture of the catapult and the armored car. Al-Bayhaqi mentioned in the Sunan that Abu ‘Ubaydah (ra) said:. “Then the Messenger of Allah put siege around Tai’f, and erected the catapult against them for seventeen days”. Abu Dawud reported in the al-Marasil from Makhul “That the Prophet (PBUH) erected the catapult against the people of Ta’if”. Al-San’ani said in Subul al-Salam that its narrators are reliable. The author of the Sirah Halabiyyah said: “It is Salman al- Farsi (ra) that directed him to do this. He said, ‘In Persia we used to erect the catapults on top of the castles and hit our enemy.’ It is said that Salman (ra) made it with his own hands”. Ibn Al-Qayyim reported from Sa’d ibn Al-Mu’adh and Ibn Hisham in Ibn Ishaq’s Sirah: ..
"Har zuwa ranar yaƙi da aka yi kusa da katangar Ta'if, wasu daga cikin sahabban Manzon Allah ﷺ sun yi motsi a ƙarƙashin wata mota mai sulke, suka shiga katangar Ta'if da niyyar ƙone ta. Banu Thaqeef suka aika musu da sandunan ƙarfe da aka hura da wuta, sai suka fita daga cikinta. Sannan Thaqeef suka harbe su da kibau, suka kashe wasu daga cikinsu." Don haka, Salman ne ya ba su shawara game da amfani da majigi, kuma ana cewa shi ne ya yi shi da hannuwansa.
“Till the day of shatter took place near the wall of Ta’if, few people of the companions of the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) moved under an armored car and entered the wall of Ta’if so as to burn it. Thaqeef sent against them rods of iron heated with fire, so they got out of it. Thaqeef then hit them with arrows and killed some of them”. Thus, Salman was the one that advised them about the use of the catapult, and it is said that he made it with his own hands. .
ويجب أن يكون هذا قد تم بأمر من الرسول (صلى الله عليه وسلم). ويمكنك أن تجد في السيرة قول الحلبية: "فأشار عليه بذلك". أي أنه أشار على الرسول (صلى الله عليه وسلم) بذلك. ويُفهم من هذه الروايات أن الصناعات العسكرية من مسؤولية الخليفة، وأنه يستعين بمن يشاء للقيام بها وتنظيمها. والصناعة تحتاج إلى أمير، لا إلى مدير. ولم يكن سلمان أميرًا على الصناعات العسكرية، بل كان مديرًا لصناعة المنجنيق؛ وقد يكون عمل بيده. وإقامة الصناعات العسكرية فرض، لقوله (صلى الله عليه وسلم): "وأعدوا لهم ما استطعتم من قوة ومن رباط الخيل ترهبون به عدو الله وعدوكم وآخرين من دونهم لا تعلمونهم الله يعلمهم" [سورة الأنفال: 60].
This must have been done by the command of the Messenger (PBUH). You can find in the seerah, the saying of al-Halabiyyah: “he directed him to it”. This means he advised the Messenger (PBUH) of that. It is understood from these reports that military industries are of the responsibility of the Khalifah, and he seeks the help of whomever he likes to undertake them and organise them. The industry does need an amir, rather than a manager. Salman was not an amir to the military industries, rather a manager to the catapult industry; and he may have worked with his own hands. Establishing the military industries is compulsory, because of His (PBUH) saying:. “Make ready for them all you can of (armed) force and of horses tethered, that thereby you may dismay (place terror in) the enemy of Allah and your enemy, and others beside them whom you know not. Allah knows them.” [TMQ 8:60].
Wannan tsoratarwa ba za ta iya faruwa ba tare da shiri, kuma shiri yana bukatar kasancewar masana'antu. Saboda haka ayar tana nuna wajibcin kafa masana'antun soji ta hanyar ma'anar larura (dalalat al-iltizam), ko bisa ka'idar da ta ce (duk abin da ya zama dole domin cika wajibi, shi ma wajibi ne). Wannan ban da hujjojin da suka wajabta jihadi, waɗanda ke nuna ta hanyar larura wajibcin kafa masana'antu.
This terror cannot take place without preparation, and preparation requires the presence of factories. Thus the verse indicates the obligation of establishing the military factories through the meaning of necessity (dalalat al- iltizam), or based on the rule that states (whatever is necessary to fulfil an obligation is itself obligatory). This is besides the evidences that oblige jihad, which indicate by necessity the obligation of establishing factories. .
Kafa-kafa da gwamnati ke kafawa ba a takaita su ga masana'antun soji kawai ba. Akwai kuma wasu masana'antu da dole ne gwamnati ta kafa, waɗanda suka zo a cikin littafin 'Kuɗaɗen da ke Cikin Daular Khilafah', kuma su ne kamar haka:
The establishment of factories by the State are not confined to only military factories. There are rather other factories that the state must establish, which came in the book of ‘the funds in the Khilafah State’ and are as follows: .
Masana'antu: Dole ne Jiha ta kafa nau'o'i biyu na masana'antu, bisa wajibcin da ya rataya a wuyan Jiha na kula da maslahohin 'yan kasa:
The factories: The state must establish two types of factories based on the obligation upon the State to look after the interests of the citizens: .
Nau'i na farko: Masana'antun da suke da alaka da kadarorin mallakar jama'a, kamar masana'antun hakar ma'adanai, tsarkake su da narkar da su, da masana'antun hakar mai da tace shi. Wadannan nau'ikan masana'antu mallakar jama'a ne saboda kayan da suke samarwa. Tun da kadarorin mallakar jama'a mallakar dukan Musulmai ne, to masana'antunsu ma mallakar jama'a ne ga dukan Musulmai, kuma Daula ce ke kafa su a madadin Musulmai.
The first type: The factories that are related to the assets of the public property such as the factories used in extracting, purifying and melting the minerals, and the factories of extracting and refinery of oil. These types of factories are of public property because of the material they produce. Since the assets of the public property are public property to all Muslims, then their factories are publicly owned by all Muslims, and the State establishes them on behalf of the Muslims. .
Nau'i na biyu: Masana'antu masu alaƙa da babbar masana'antu da masana'antar makamai. Irin waɗannan masana'antu ana iya mallakar su ga daidaikun mutane saboda suna cikin dukiyar mutum ɗaya. Duk da haka, irin waɗannan masana'antu da masana'antu suna buƙatar kuɗi masu yawa, waɗanda daidaikun mutane sau da yawa ba sa iya biya, kuma babbar masana'antar yau ba ta biyan buƙatun makaman da daidaikun mutane ke mallaka, kamar yadda lamarin yake a zamanin Manzon Allah ﷺ da zamanin Khulafa'ur Rashidun. Maimakon haka, sun zama mallakar Gwamnati, kuma Gwamnati tana aiki wajen samar da su, domin aikin kulawa ya wajabta mata yin hakan. Wannan gaskiya ne musamman la'akari da yadda makamai suka bunƙasa sosai, da kuma kuɗin da ake kashewa wajen gudanar da wuraren masana'antu da ake buƙata... Saboda haka, wajibi ne Gwamnati ta kafa masana'antun kera makamai, da masana'antun babbar masana'antar. Sai dai hakan ba zai nufin hana daidaikun mutane kafa waɗannan masana'antu ba. Waɗannan masana'antu wajibi ne Gwamnati ta kafa su, wato su ne aikin Khalifah. Yana naɗa musu babban manaja mai alaƙa kai tsaye da shi, ko da mataimakinsa, yana zaɓar wanda ya fi so.
The second type: The factories that are related to the heavy industry and the weapons industry. These types of factories are allowed to be owned by individuals because it is of the individual property. However, such types of factories and industries need huge funds, which individuals can not often finance, and the heavy industry nowadays does not cater for weapons owned by individuals, as was the case in the time of the Messenger (PBUH) and the time of the Khulafaa’ Rashidun. They rather became owned by the State, and the State works on providing them, because the duty of caring obliges it to do so. This is particularly true considering the vast development of weapons, and the expense in running the required manufacturing facilities... Therefore, it is obligatory that the State establishes factories for manufacturing weapons, and factories for the heavy industries. However, this would not mean preventing the individuals from establishing these industries. These factories are obliged upon the State to establish, i.e. they are the duty of the Khalifah. He appoints to them a general manager linked directly to him, or to his deputy, choosing the one he prefers.