Yana bir bor Arabiston yarim orolida tinchlik va xavfsizlik hukm surdi va bu notinch hudud bir yillik urushdan so'ng tinchlik davrini boshdan kechira boshladi. Biroq yahudiylar, ularning xiyonati, fitnalari va sadoqatsizligi tufayli barcha turdagi xo'rlik va sharmandalikni tatib ko'rgan bo'lsa-da, ogohlantirilmadilar. Ular Xaybarga surgun qilinganidan so'ng, musulmonlar bilan mushriklar o'rtasida davom etayotgan to'qnashuvlarning natijalarini tashvish bilan kutib turdilar. Ularning umidlariga zid o'laroq, urush voqealari musulmonlar foydasiga bo'lganida, ular yangi bosqich fitnasini boshladilar va musulmonlarga qarshi halokatli zarba berishga tayyorlandilar. Ammo ular musulmonlarga qarshi to'g'ridan-to'g'ri harakat qilishdan qo'rqqanliklari uchun, maqsadlariga erishish uchun dahshatli reja tuzdilar. Bani Nadir'dan bir qancha taniqli shaxslar bilan birga yahudiylardan iborat bir delegatsiya Makkaga bordi. Yigirma nafar boshliq Quraysh bilan nopok ittifoq tuzish uchun muzokaralar olib bordi va u yerdagi odamlarni Allohning Elchisi ﷺga hujum qilishga undadi. Ular unga to'liq yordam va qo'llab-quvvatlash va'da qilib, ﷺ Quraysh xalqiga yaqinlashdilar. Badrda musulmonlar bilan kurashishga ojiz va zaif bo'lib qolgan Quraysh xalqi, dog'langan sharafini va buzilgan obro'sini tiklash uchun bu imkoniyatdan foydalandi. Shundan so'ng, yahudiylar delegatsiyasi G'atafonga yo'l oldi va ularni ham xuddi shunday qilishga chaqirdi, ular ijobiy javob berdilar. Yahudiylar delegatsiyasi keyin yangi harakatni boshlab, Arabistonning ba'zi hududlarini aylanib chiqdi va kufr ittifoqchilarini Payg'ambar ﷺga, uning Risolatiga va Alloh'ga iymon keltirganlarga qarshi qo'zg'ashga muvaffaq bo'ldi. Janubdagi Tihamadan Kinona va boshqa ittifoqchilar to'planib, Abu Sufyon boshchiligida to'rt ming kishilik qo'shin tuzdilar. Sharqdan Bani Sulaym, G'atafon, Bani Murra va boshqa qabilalar kelib qo'shildi. Ular barchasi Madinaga yo'l oldilar va oldindan kelishilgan vaqtda uning atrofida to'planib, o'n ming jangchidan iborat ulkan qo'shin tuzdilar. Ular aslida Madinadagi barcha musulmonlardan ko'p edilar. Bu Madina edi, ayollar, yigitlar va keksalar ham shu jumladan. Haqiqatan, agar ular Madinaga kutilmagan hujum uyushtirganlarida, shaharda rahbarlik qilayotgan kishilar esa... ular barcha musulmonlarni yo'q qilishlari mumkin edi. Biroq, ogoh va razvedka xodimlari dushmanlar hududini kuzatishga muvaffaq bo'lib, ularning harakati haqida Madinadagi mas'ul kishilarga xabar berdilar. Allohning Elchisi ﷺ yuqori maslahat kengashini chaqirdi va Madinani himoya qilish rejasi ustida diqqat bilan muhokama o'tkazdi. Harbiy rahbarlar va to'g'ri maslahat bera oladigan kishilar o'rtasida uzoq suhbatdan so'ng, hurmatli sahobiy Salmon Forsiy taklifi bilan mudofaa chizig'i sifatida xandaq qazish kelishib olindi. Payg'ambar ﷺ ularni ruhlantirib, yordam berib va oxiratdagi mukofot haqida eslatib boshchilik qilgan holda, musulmonlar Madina atrofida xandaq qazishni eng faol va g'ayrat bilan boshladilar. Og'ir ochlik, hatto och qolishga yaqin holat ham ularni o'zlari bo'lgan maqsadga erishishdan to'xtata olmadi yoki ruhlarini tushira olmadi. Salmon dedi: Ey Allohning Elchisi ﷺ! Forsda bizga qamal qo'yilganda, o'zimizni himoya qilish uchun xandaq qazardik. Bu haqiqatan ham misli ko'rilmagan dono reja edi. Allohning Elchisi ﷺ rejani darhol amalga oshirishni buyurdi: har o'nta kishidan iborat guruh qazishi kerak edi. Sahl ibn Sa'd dedi: Biz... Payg'ambar ﷺ safdoshlari uchun qirq gaz joy ajratildi, odamlar qazir edi va biz tuproqni orqamizda tashir edik. Xandaq qazish jarayonida ba'zi g'ayritabiiy payg'ambarlik belgilari namoyon bo'ldi. Jobir ibn Abdulloh, Payg'ambarni (ﷺ) och ko'rib, ochlikdan azoblanayotganlarini ko'rgach, bir qo'y so'yib, arpa pishirdi va Payg'ambarni (ﷺ) hamda ba'zi sahobalarni o'z taklifini qabul qilishga chaqirdi. Lekin Payg'ambar (ﷺ) xandaq qazishda band bo'lgan barcha ming kishini yig'di, ular yeyishni boshladilar va to'liq to'yguncha yedilar, shunga qaramay, pishirilayotgan qo'y go'shti va xamir hech kamaymagan holda qoldi. Bir ayol bir hovuch xurmo olib, Payg'ambar (ﷺ) yonidan o'tdi. Payg'ambar (ﷺ) xurmolarni olib, ustidagi ridosi ustiga sochdi va izdoshlarini yeyishga chaqirdi. Xurmolar ko'paya boshladi, hatto ridosining chetidan to'kilib tushdi. Yana bir mo''jizaviy voqeaga ko'ra, xandaqda qaysarlik bilan turgan tosh yengib bo'lmas to'siq bo'lib chiqdi. Payg'ambar (ﷺ) belkurakni olib urdi, tosh zumda yumshoq qum uyumiga aylandi. Boshqa rivoyatda al-Bora' aytdi: Xandaq kuni kuramiz bilan parchalab bo'lmaydigan tosh chiqib qoldi. Shuning uchun biz maslahat so'rash uchun Allohning Elchisi (ﷺ) huzuriga bordik. U belkurakni olib, toshga urdi va: "Allohning nomi bilan, Alloh buyukdir, Shomning kalitlari menga berildi, Alloh haqqi, hozir uning saroylarini ko'rib turibman", dedi. Ikkinchi zarbda: "Alloh buyukdir, Fors menga berildi, Alloh haqqi, hozir Madoinning oq saroyini ko'rib turibman", dedi. Uchinchi marta toshga urganda, tosh juda mayda bo'laklarga bo'linib ketdi va u: "Alloh buyukdir, Yamanning kalitlari menga berildi, Alloh haqqi, men o'z o'rnimda turganimda San'oning darvozalarini ko'rib turibman", dedi. Bu rivoyatni Ishoq ham naql qilgan. Madinaning shimoliy qismi eng zaif joyi edi, qolgan tomonlari esa tog'lar va xurmo bog'lari bilan o'ralgan edi. Payg'ambar (ﷺ) mohir harbiy strateg sifatida Ahzob (ittifoqchi qabilalar) aynan shu tomonga yurishini tushundi, shuning uchun xandaq o'sha tomonda qazilishini buyurdi. Musulmonlar bir necha kun davomida xandaq qazishdi: kunduzi ishlashar, kechqurun esa uylariga qaytishardi, to xandaq harbiy jihatdan to'liq shakllangunicha. Shu orada o'n ming jangchidan iborat ulkan mushrik qo'shini kelib, Madina yaqinidagi Al-Asyal va Uhud deb ataladigan joylarda joylashdi.

Once again, peace and security enveloped the Arabian Peninsula and this turbulent area began to experience a period of lull after a whole year warJews, however, whose treachery, intrigues and . The disloyalty made them taste all types of humiliation and disgrace, were not admonished. After they had been exiled to Khaibar, they remained waiting anxiously for the results of the skirmishes going on between the Muslims and the idolaterstheir hopes, the events of the war were in favour of the Muslims, . Contrary to therefore they started a new stage of conspiracy and prepared themselves to deal a deadly blow against the Muslims, but were too cowardly to manoeuvre directly against them, so they laid a dreadful plan in order to achieve their objectivesof the Jews with some celebrities of Bani Nadir went to Makkah to . Twenty chiefs negotiate an unholy alliance with Quraishgoad the people there to attack the Messenger of . They began to Allupon him) promising them full support and backing. People of Quraish, who had been âh (Peace be languid and proved too weak to challenge the Muslims at Badr, seized this opportunity to redeem their stained honour and blemished reputationdelegation set out for Ghatfan, called them to do the . The same same, and they responded positively. The Jewish delegation then started a fresh effort and toured some parts of Arabia and managed to incite the confederates of disbelief against the Prophet (Peace be upon him), his Message and the believers in AllKinanah and other allies from Tihama, in the south; rallied, âh. Quraish, ranked and recruited four thousand men under the leadership of Abu Sufyan. From the east there came tribes of Banu Saleem, Ghatfan, Bani Murrah, etc. They all headed for Madinah and gathered in its vicinity at a time already agreed upongreat army of ten thousand fighters. They in fact outnumbered all the Muslims in . It was a Madinah, women, lads and elders includedtell the truth, if they had launched a surprise attack against . To Madinah, they could have exterminated all the Muslimsthe leadership inside the city was on the . However, alert and the intelligence personnel managed to reconnoitre the area of the enemies, and reported their movement to the people in charge in Madinah. The Messenger of Allâh (Peace be upon him) summoned a high advisory board and conducted a careful discussion of a plan to defend Madinah. After a lengthy talk between military leaders and people possessed of sound advice, it was agreed, on the proposal of an honourable Companion, Salman Al-Farisi, to dig trenches as defensive lines. The Muslims, with the Prophet (encouraging, helping and reminding them of the reward in the Hereafter, Peace be upon him) at their head, most actively and diligently started to build a trench around Madinah. Severe hunger, bordering on starvation, could not dissuade or discourage them from achieving their desperately sought objective. Salman said: O Messenger of Allâh! When siege was to laid to us in Persia, we used to dig trenches to defend ourselves. It was really an unprecedented wise plan. The Messenger of Allâh (Peace be upon him) hurriedly gave orders to implement the planeach group of ten to dig. Sahl bin Sa‘d said: We were in . Forty yards was allocated to the company of the Messenger of Allâh (Peace be upon him), the men used to dig and we evacuate the earth on our backs. Some preternatural Prophetic signs appeared in the process of trenching. Jabir bin ‘Abdullah, seeing the Prophet (Peace be upon him) starving, slaughtered a sheep, cooked some barley and requested the Prophet (Peace be upon him) and some Companions to accept his invitation, but the Prophet (Peace be upon him) gathered all the thousand people engaged in digging the trench and they started to eat until they were all completely full and yet the shoulder of mutton and dough that was being baked remained as they were undiminished. A certain woman brought a handful of dates and passed by the Prophet (Peace be upon him), who took the dates, threw them over his cloak and invited his followers to eat. The dates began to increase in number until they dropped over the trim of his robe. Another illustrious preternatural example went to the effect that an obstinate rock stood out as an immune obstacle in the ditch. The Prophet (Peace be upon him) took the spade and struck, and the rock immediately turned into a loose sand dune. In another version, Al-Bara‘ said: On Al-Khandaq (the trench) Day there stood out a rock too immune for our spades to break up. We therefore went to see the Messenger of Allâh (Peace be upon him) for advice. He took the spade, and struck the rock uttering “in the Name of Allâh, Allâh is Great, the keys of Ash-Shâm (Geographical Syria) are mine, I swear by Allâh, I can see its palaces at the moment;” on the second strike he said: “Allâh is Great, Persia is mine, I swear by Allâh, I can now see the white palace of Madain;” and for the third time he struck the rock, which turned into very small pieces, he said: “Allâh is Great, I have been given the keys of Yemen, I swear by Allâh, I can see the gates of San‘a while I am in my place.” The same version was narrated by Ishaq. The northern part of Madinah was the most vulnerable, all the other sides being surrounded by mountains and palm tree orchards, the Prophet (Peace be upon him) as a skillful military expert, understood that the Confederates would march in that direction, so the trench was ordered to be on that side. The Muslims went on digging the trench for several days; they used to work on it during the day, and go back home in the evening until it had assumed its full dimensions militarily before the huge army of the idolaters; which numbered, as many as ten thousand fighters, arrived and settled in the vicinity of Madinah in places called Al-Asyal and Uhud.

• «Mo‘minlar Al-Ahzobni (qo‘shinlarni) ko‘rganlarida dedilar: "Bu Alloh va Uning Rasuli [Muhammad ﷺ] bizga va'da qilgan narsadir. Alloh va Uning Rasuli rost aytganlar". Bu ularning imonini va Allohga bo‘ysunishini faqat ziyoda qildi» {[33:22]}.

• “And when the believers saw ‘Al-Ahzab’ (the confederates), they said: ‘This is what Allâh and His Messenger [Muhammad (Peace be upon him)] had promised us, and Allâh and His Messenger [Muhammad (Peace be upon him)] had spoken the truth, and it only added to their Faith and to their submissiveness (to Allâh).” [33:22].

Uch ming musulmon, ularning boshida Muhammad (alayhissalom) bor edi, Allohning g‘alaba haqidagi va’dasiga qat’iy ishongan holda mushriklarga qarshi chiqdilar. Ular Sila‘ tog‘ida joylashdilar, ular bilan kofirlar o‘rtasida xandaq to‘siq bo‘lib turardi. Musulmonlarga hujum qilib, Madinaga bostirib kirmoqchi bo‘lgan mushriklar keng xandaqni ko‘rib hayron bo‘ldilar; Arabistonda oldin hech kimga ma’lum bo‘lmagan bu yangi chora ularning yo‘lini to‘sgan qat’iy to‘siq edi. Shu sababli ular Madinani qamal qilishga qaror qildilar va xandaq atrofida aylanib, Madinaga kirib olish uchun zaif joy topishga harakat qildilar. Dushmanlarining yaqinlashishini yoki mudofaalaridagi biror bo‘shliqni ko‘prik bilan to‘ldirishini oldini olish uchun musulmonlar ularga o‘q yog‘dirdilar va ular bilan to‘qnashuvlarda qatnashdilar. Quraysning tajribali jangchilari bu holatdan norozi bo‘lib, qamal nima ochib berishini behuda kutib turardilar. Shuning uchun ular 'Amr ibn 'Abd-i Vudd, 'Ikrima ibn Abu Jahl va Dirar ibn al-Xattob boshchiligidagi bir guruh jangchi xandaq orqali o‘tishga qaror qildilar. Haqiqatan ham ular buni uddalashdi, va ularning otliqlari xandaq bilan Sila‘ tog‘i o‘rtasidagi botqoqli hududni egalladilar. 'Amr musulmonlarni yakkama-yakka jangga chaqirdi va unga 'Ali ibn Abu Solib yuborildi. Qisqa, ammo shiddatli olishuvdan so‘ng, 'Ali 'Amrni o‘ldirdi va qolganlarni vahima va tartibsizlik ichida chekinishga majbur qildi. Biroq, bir necha kundan so‘ng, ko‘pxudolilar yangi, umidsiz urinishlarni amalga oshirdilar, ammo musulmonlarning sobitqadamligi va qahramonona qarshiligi tufayli ularning barchasi muvaffaqiyatsizlikka uchradi.

Three thousand Muslims, with Muhammad (Peace be upon him) at their head, came out to encounter the idolaters, with Allâh’s Promise of victory deeply established in their minds. They entrenched themselves in Sila‘ Mountain with the trench standing as a barrier between them and the disbelievers. On attempting to attack the Muslims and break into Madinah, the idolaters were surprised to see a wide trench, a new stratagem unknown in Arabia before, standing as an obstinate obstruction. Consequently they decided to lay siege to Madinah and began to manoeuvre around the trench trying hard to find a vulnerable spot through which they could infiltrate into Madinah. To deter their enemies from approaching or bridging any gap in their defences, the Muslims hurled arrows, and engaged in skirmishes with them. The veteran fighters of Quraish were averse to this situation waiting in vain in anticipation of what the siege might reveal. Therefore they decided that a group of fighters led by ‘Amr bin ‘Abd-e-Wudd, ‘Ikrima bin Abi Jahl and Dirar bin Al-Khattab, should work its way through the trench. They, in fact, managed to do that and their horsemen captured a marshy area between the trench and Sila‘ Mountain. ‘Amr challenged the Muslims to a duel, and ‘Ali bin Abi Talib was deputed. After a short but fierce engagement, ‘Ali killed ‘Amr and obliged the others to evacuate in a state of panic and confusion. However, some days later, the polytheists conducted fresh desperate attempts but all of them failed due to Muslims’ steadfastness and heroic confrontation.

Trench jangi voqealari munosabati bilan Allohning Elchisi ﷺ ba'zi namozlarni o'z vaqtida ado eta olmadilar. Jobir (Alloh undan rozi bo'lsin) rivoyat qiladi: Xandaq kuni Umar ibn Xattob (Alloh undan rozi bo'lsin) kofirlar Quraysh ustidan la'nat o'qigancha keldi va dedi: "Ey Allohning Elchisi! Men asr namozini o'qiy olmadim, quyosh botib ketdi." Payg'ambar ﷺ javob berdilar: "Alloh haqqi, men ham hali o'qigani yo'q." So'ngra Payg'ambar ﷺ Buto'onga bordilar, vuzu' qildilar va quyosh botganidan keyin asr namozini, so'ng shom namozini o'qidilar. Bu muvaffaqiyatsizlik uchun u shunchalik g'azablandilar, dushmanlariga Allohning g'azabini chaqirdilar va Allohdan ularning uylari hamda qabrlarini olov bilan to'ldirishni so'radilar, chunki ular asr namozini ado etishdan chalg'itdilar. Ahmad va Shofi'iy rivoyat qilishicha, o'sha jang voqealari Payg'ambar ﷺni peshin, asr, shom va yatsi namozlaridan to'xtatgan, ammo ular birlashtirib o'qilgan. Turli rivoyatlar vaziyat bir necha kun davom etganini ko'rsatadi.

In the context of the events of the Trench Battle, the Messenger of Allâh (Peace be upon him) failed to observe some prayers in their right time. Jabir (May Allah be pleased with him) narrated: On the Day of Trench ‘Umar bin Al-Khattab (May Allah be pleased with him) came, cursing the disbelievers of Quraish and said: “O Allâh’s Messenger! I have not offered the afternoon prayer and the sun has set.” The Prophet (Peace be upon him) replied: "By Allâh! I, , have not offered the prayer yet.” The Prophet (Peace be upon him) then went to Buthan, performed ablution and observed the afternoon prayer after the sun had set and then offered the sunset prayer after it.” He was so indignant for this failure that he invoked Allâh’s wrath on his enemies and besought Allâh to fill their houses and graves with fire because they distracted him from observing the afternoon prayer. It was narrated by Ahmed and Shafa‘i that the events of that battle detained him from the noon, afternoon, evening and night prayers, but he observed them combined. The different narrations point to the fact that the situation lasted for a few days.

Shunday bo'ldiki, ikki tomon o'rtasida turgan xandaq tufayli to'g'ridan-to'g'ri to'qnashuv bo'lmadi, balki faqat o'q otish bilan cheklangan harbiy harakatlar bo'ldi. Natijada jangda oz sonli jangchilar halok bo'ldi: oltita musulmon va o'nta mushrik, ulardan bir yoki ikkitasi qilichdan o'ldirildi. Jang davomida Sa'd ibn Mu'oz kamoniga o'q tegib, uning tomirini kesib o'tdi. O'limi yaqinlashganini sezgan u Allohga yolvorib dedi: "Ey Alloh, bilasanki, Sening yo'lingda o'sha kofirlar bilan kurashishdan ko'ra qalbimga yaqinroq narsa yo'q. Ular Sening Elchingni yolg'onchiga chiqarib, uni o'z shahridan haydab chiqardilar. Ey Alloh, men chin dildan ishonamanki, Sen ular bilan urushishimizni taqdir qilgansan. Agar ular bilan yana kurash davom etadigan bo'lsa, ularga qarshi yana ko'proq kurashishim uchun meni tirik qoldir. Agar bu kurash tinchigan bo'lsa, uni yana alanga oldirishingni so'rayman, shu yo'l bilan oxirgi nafasimni olay." U duosini Banu Quraizadan to'liq qasos olguncha o'limga topshirmasligini so'rab yakunladi. Bu og'ir sharoitda musulmonlarga qarshi fitna va makr-hiyla qizg'in davom etardi. Banu Nadirning bosh jinoyatchisi Huyay Banu Quraizaning yashash joylariga bordi va ularning boshlig'i Ka'b ibn Asad al-Quraziyni qo'zg'atmoqchi bo'ldi. Ka'b urush vaqtida yordam berish uchun Allohning Elchisi ﷺ bilan ahd tuzgan edi. Dastlab Ka'b Huyayning barcha vasvasalariga qarshi turdi, ammo Huyay uni aldashga ustalik bilan kirishdi. U Quraysh va al-Asyaldagi ularning ayonlari, shuningdek, Uhudda o'rnashib olgan G'atafon va ularning boshliqlari haqida gapirdi, ular hammasi Muhammad ﷺ va uning izdoshlarini yo'q qilishga bir fikrda qat'iy qaror qilganini aytdi. Bundan tashqari, Quraysh va G'atafon ortga qaytgan taqdirda ham, u Ka'bning qal'asida qolib, har qanday xavfga o'zini tikishga va'da berdi. Shu tariqa razil odam ish yuritib, oxir-oqibat Ka'bni o'z tomoniga og'dirishga va uni musulmonlar bilan tuzgan ahdini buzishga ko'ndirishga muvaffaq bo'ldi. Banu Quraiza keyin musulmonlarga qarshi harbiy harakatlarni boshladi, ayniqsa musulmonlarning ayollari va bolalari joylashtirilgan alohida qal'alarga hujum qila boshladi. Ibn Ishoq rivoyatiga ko'ra, ‘Abdulmuttalibning qizi Safiya (Alloh undan rozi bo'lsin) Hassan ibn Sobit bilan birga, bir necha ayol va bolalar turgan qal'ada edi. Safiya aytadi: “Bizning joyimiz atrofida bir yahudiy yashirinib yurganini payqadim. Bu joy dushman hujumlariga ochiq edi, chunki uni himoya qiladigan erkaklar yo'q edi. Men Hassanga, bu odamning yonimizda yurganidan shubhalanayotganimni aytdim. Rasululloh ﷺ va musulmonlar bizga yordam berishga ulgura olmaydigan darajada band bo'lgan bir paytda, u bizni bexabar holda tutib olishi mumkin edi. Nega pastga tushib, uni o'ldirmaysan?” Hassan buni qilmasligini aytdi. Shunda men bir chiviq olib, pastga tushdim va yahudiyni o'ldirdim. Qaytib kelib, Hassandan uning narsalarini talon qilishni so'radim, ammo Hassan buni ham qilishdan bosh tortdi. Bu voqea katta ta'sir ko'rsatdi va yahudiylarni, bu joylar musulmon jangchilari tomonidan mustahkamlangan va himoyalangan deb o'ylab, yana hujum qilishdan qaytardi. Ular, shunga qaramay, musulmonlarga qarshi qo'llab-quvvatlash belgisi sifatida mushriklarni oziq-ovqat bilan ta'minlashda davom etdilar. Bu yomon xabarni eshitgan Rasululloh ﷺ tekshirish uchun to'rt nafar taniqli musulmon yetakchisini – Sa‘d ibn Mu‘oz, Sa‘d ibn Ubada, Abdulloh ibn Ravoha va Xavvot ibn Jubayrni yubordi, ayni paytda musulmonlar orasida vahima tarqatishdan ogohlantirib, agar mish-mishlar asossiz bo'lsa, buni ochiqdan-ochiq e'lon qilishlarini tayinladi. Afsuski, to'rt kishi xabarning rost ekanligini aniqladi va yahudiylar ochiqdan-ochiq Muhammad ﷺ bilan endi hech qanday ittifoq shartnomasi yo'qligini e'lon qilganini bildi. Rasulullohga ﷺ bu holat haqida xabar berildi va musulmonlar o'zlarining og'ir ahvollarini hamda undan kelib chiqadigan dahshatli xavfni tushundilar. Ularning orqasi Banu Quraiza hujumlariga ochiq edi, oldida esa hiyla ishlatish imkoni yo‘q katta lashkar turardi, ayollari va bolalari esa himoyasiz, o‘rtada turardi. Shu munosabat bilan Alloh taolo aytadi:

“Va ko‘zlar dahshatdan telbalashib, yuraklar tomoqqa yetib kelgan, siz Alloh haqida turli gumonlarga borgan vaqtda — o‘sha yerda mo‘minlar sinovga solinib, qattiq larzaga tushirildilar.” [33:10, 11].

• “And when the eyes grew wild and the hearts reached to the throats, and you were harbouring doubts about Allâh. There, the believers were tried and shaken with a mighty shaking.” [33:10, 11].

Xandaqning ichiga qamalib, mudofaaga o‘tgan musulmonlar ahvoli shunday bo‘lganida, munofiqlar ularni masxara qilib, Forslar shohi Kisro va Rumlar imperatori Qayser ustidan g‘alaba qozonish haqidagi yolg‘on umidlarga berilganlikda ayblashdi. Ular mag‘lubiyatga ruju qiluvchi fikrlarni tarqata boshladilar va o‘z uylarini himoya qilish bahonasida chekinayotgandek ko‘rinishga kirishdilar, holbuki ularning uylari hech qanday xavf ostida emas edi. Mana shu haqda Alloh taolo aytadi:

Now that the Muslims were shut in within the Trench on the defensive, the hypocrites taunted them with having indulged in delusive hopes of defeating Kisra, emperor of Persia, and Caesar, emperor of the Romans. They began to sow the seeds of defeatism, and pretended to withdraw for the defence of their homes, though these were in no way exposed to danger. Here, Allâh says:

“Va munofiqlar va qalblarida kasal (shubhalar) bor kishilar: "Alloh va Uning Rasuli (ﷺ) bizga faqat aldamchi va'da bergan edi!" – deganlarida (esla). Va ulardan bir guruhi: "Ey Yasrib (Madina) ahli, sizlar uchun (dushman hujumiga qarshi) turish imkoni yo'q, shuning uchun orqaga qaytinglar!" – degan vaqtda (esla). Ulardan bir toifa esa Payg'ambardan (ﷺ): "Albatta, uylarimiz (dushmanga) ochiqdir", – deb ruxsat so'rardi. Holbuki, ular (uylari) ochiq emas edi. Ular faqat qochishni xohlardilar.” [33:12, 13].

• “And when the hypocrites and those in whose hearts is a disease (of doubts) said, ‘Allâh and His Messenger (Peace be upon him) promised us nothing but delusions!’ And when a party of them said: ‘O people of Yathrib (Al-Madinah), there is no stand (possible) for you (against the enemy attack!) therefore go back!’ And a band of them asked for permission of the Prophet (Peace be upon him) saying: ‘Truly, our homes lie open (to the enemy).’ And they lay not open. They but wished to flee.” [33:12, 13].

Allohning Elchisi ﷺ o‘zini xalatiga o‘rab, Banu Quraizaning xiyonati haqida o‘ylay boshladi. Umidvorlik ruhi uni qamrab oldi va u o‘rnidan turib shunday dedi:

The Messenger of Allâh, (Peace be upon him) wrapped himself in his robe and began to meditate on the perfidy of Banu Quraiza. The spirit of hopefulness prevailed over him and he rose to his feet saying:

"Allohu akbar. Ey musulmonlar, Allohning yaxshi xabari — g‘alaba va yordam haqidagi xabarni eshiting." So‘ngra u ayollar va bolalarni himoya qilish uchun qat’iy rejalar tuza boshladi va dushmanning kutilmagan hujumidan saqlash maqsadida ba’zi jangchilarni Madinaga qaytarib yubordi. Ikkinchi qadam — kofir ittifoqchilar safini zaiflashtirishga olib kelishi mumkin bo‘lgan harakat qilish edi. Bunda u G‘atafon boshliqlari bilan Madina mevali hosilining uchdan bir qismini ularga berish asosida bir turdagi murosaga kelishni nazarda tutgan edi. U o‘zining asosiy sahobalari, ya’ni Sa’d ibn Mu’od va Sa’d ibn Ubodadan maslahat so‘radi, ularning javobi quyidagicha bo‘ldi:

• “Allâh is Great. Hearken you Muslims, to Allâh’s good tidings of victory and support.” He then started to lay decisive plans aiming at protecting the women and children, and sent some fighters back to Madinah to guard them against any surprise assault by the enemy. The second step was to take action that could lead to undermining the ranks of the disbelieving confederates. There, he had in mind to conclude a sort of reconciliation with the chiefs of Ghatfan on the basis of donating them a third of Madinah’s fruit crops. He sought the advice of his chief Companions, namely, Sa‘d bin Mu‘adh and Sa‘d bin ‘Ubadah, whose reply went as follows:

“Ey Allohning Elchisi! Agar bu Allohning amri bo‘lsa, biz itoat qilamiz, lekin agar siz faqat bizning xavfsizligimiz uchun yangi yo‘l tutmoqchi bo‘lsangiz, unga hojat yo‘q. Biz ularni shirk va butparastlik ichida ko‘rganmiz va ishonch bilan aytishimiz mumkinki, ular bizning bog‘larimiz mevasiga muhtoj emas, aksincha, ular bizni butunlay yo‘q qilishni xohlaydi. Endi Alloh bizni Islom bilan sharaflagan ekan, bu holatda eng yaxshi chora ularni qilich bilan yo‘q qilishdir, deb o‘ylayman.” Shunda Nabiy ﷺ ularning e’tiqodini to‘g‘rilab dedilar: “Barcha arablar sizlarni (musulmonlarni) yo‘q qilish uchun birlashganidan keyin, mening yangi siyosatim sizlarning xavfsizligingizni ta’minlash uchun shakllantirilmoqda.”

“O Messenger of Allâh! If it is Allâh’s injunction, then we have to obey, but if it is a new course you want to follow just to provide security for us then we don’t need it. We experienced those people in polytheism and idolatry and we can safely say that they don’t need the fruit of our orchards, they rather need to exterminate us completely. Now that Allâh has honoured us with Islam, I believe the best recourse in this situation is to put them to the sword.” Thereupon the Prophet (Peace be upon him) corrected their Belief saying: “My new policy is being forged to provide your security after all the Arabs have united to annihilate you (Muslims).”.

Allohu taolo, ulug‘ va yuksak, hamd unga xosdir, islomning dushmanlari orasida nizo chiqishiga va keyinchalik ularning to‘liq mag‘lub bo‘lishiga olib kelgan bir narsani yaratdi. G‘atafan qabilasidan Na‘im ibn Mas‘ud ismli bir kishi Payg‘ambar ﷺ huzuriga kirishga ruxsat so‘radi. U islomni yashirin qabul qilganini e’lon qildi va Payg‘ambar ﷺ dan musulmonlarga foyda keltirishi mumkin bo‘lgan har qanday ishni buyurishni so‘radi. Payg‘ambar ﷺ hozirgi qiyin vaziyatda musulmonlarga yordam berishi mumkin bo‘lgan har qanday ishni qilishni va foydali bo‘lishi mumkin bo‘lgan har qanday hiyla-nayranglarni ishlatishni unga buyurdi. Bu odam yahudiylar, Quraysh va G‘atafan o‘rtasida gidday-gidday yurib, har bir tomonni ikkinchisini tashlab ketishga undashga muvaffaq bo‘ldi. U Bani Quraiza boshliqlari huzuriga borib, ularning quloqlariga shivirlab, Quraysh-ga ishonmasliklarini va ular biron-bir garov bermaguncha ular bilan jang qilmasliklarini aytdi. U o‘z maslahatini qo‘llab-quvvatlash uchun, agar Quraysh Muhammad ﷺ ustidan g‘alaba qozonish qiyin ekanini sezsa, ularni tashlab ketishini va musulmonlar ulardan dahshatli qasos olishini da’vo qildi. Keyin Na‘im Quraysh lagerига bordi va yakuniy natijasi o‘xshash, lekin mazmuni boshqacha bo‘lgan hiylani amalga oshirdi. U yahudiylar Muhammad ﷺ va uning izdoshlari bilan tuzgan ahdlarini buzganidan pushaymon bo‘lganini his qilganini aytdi. U ularga yahudiylar musulmonlar bilan muntazam yozishmalar olib borayotganini, ular kelishilganidek, Quraysh garovlarini to‘liq yahudiy sadoqati evaziga musulmonlar lageriga yuborishlarini aytdi. Keyin Na‘im Qurayshni yahudiylarga garov yubormaslikka undadi. Uchinchi topshiriqda u G‘atafan xalqi bilan ham xuddi shunday qildi.

Arxangel Jabroil (tinchlik bo‘lsin unga) o‘sha kuni, Payg‘ambar ﷺ oldingi jangdan so‘ng Madinaga qaytib kelgan kuni, Ummu Salamaning uyida g‘usl qilayotganlarida, ularning oldiga tashrif buyurdi va qilichini yalang‘ochlab, fitnachi Bani Quraiza yashaydigan joyga borib, ular bilan urushishni so‘radi. Jabroil, farishtalar safi bilan o‘zi oldinda borib, ularning qal’alarini silkitib, yuraklariga qo‘rquv solishini aytdi.

Archangel Gabriel (Peace be upon him) on the very day the Messenger of Allâh (Peace be upon him) came back to Madinah after the previous battle, and while he was washing in Umm Salama’s house, visited him asking that he should unsheathe his sword and head for the habitation of the seditious Banu Quraiza and fight them. Gabriel noted that he with a procession of angels would go ahead to shake their forts and cast fear in their hearts.

Allohning Elchisi ﷺ darhol azon aytuvchini chaqirdi va unga Banu Quraiza ustiga yangidan hujum e'lon qilishni buyurdi, Ibn Umm Maktumni Madina hokimi etib tayinladi va urush bayrog'ini belgilangan manzilga yo'l olgan 'Ali ibn Abu Tolibga topshirdi. U yahudiylarning Allohning Elchisi ﷺ ni so'kayotganlarini eshitadigan darajada yaqinlashdi. Elchining o'zi esa uch ming piyoda askar va Ansor (yordamchilar) hamda Muhojirlar (ko'chib kelganlar)dan o'ttiz otliq bilan yo'lga chiqdi. Dushman bilan uchrashish yo'lida peshin namozi vaqti kirdi. Ba'zi musulmonlar dushmanni yengmaguncha namozni o'qishdan bosh tortdilar, boshqalari esa odatdagidek, o'z vaqtida o'qidilar. Payg'ambar ﷺ na birortasiga e'tiroz bildirdilar. Ular Banu Quraiza yashaydigan joyga yetib kelganda, qal'alarini qattiq qamal qildilar. Yahudiylarning boshlig'i Ka'b ibn Asad ularning bu og'ir ahvolini ko'rib, ularga uch xil yo'l taklif qildi: Islomni qabul qilish, shunda ularning jonlari, mollari, ayollari va bolalari to'liq xavfsizlikda bo'ladi, shuningdek, bu ish ularning kitoblarida Muhammad ﷺ ning payg'ambarligi haqiqati haqida o'qiganlariga mos kelishini eslatdi; yoki bolalarini va ayollarini o'ldirib, so'ng Payg'ambar ﷺ va uning izdoshlariga qilich bilan chiqib, musulmonlarni yo'q qilish yoki o'zlari yo'q bo'lib ketishni taklif qilish; yoki uchinchi imkoniyat sifatida, Muhammad ﷺ va uning qavmini shanba kuni kutilmaganda bosib olish — bu kun o'zaro kelishuvga ko'ra urush bo'lmaydigan kun edi.

The Messenger of Allâh (Peace be upon him) , immediately summoned the prayer caller and ordered him to announce fresh hostilities against Banu Quraiza, institued Ibn Umm Maktum as a ruler of Madinah, and entrusted the banner of war to ‘Ali bin Abi Talib who marched towards the appointed target and came close enough to hear the Jews abusing the Messenger of Allâh (Peace be upon him) , who on his part set out at the head of three thousand infantry men and thirty horsemen of Ansar (Helpers) and Muhajireen (Emigrants). On their way to encounter the enemy, the afternoon prayer was due. Some Muslims refused to observe it until they had defeated the enemy, while others offered it in its proper time, as usual. The Prophet (Peace be upon him) objected to neither. When they reached the habitations of Banu Quraiza, they laid tight siege to their forts. Seeing this terrible situation they were in, the chief of the Jews Ka‘b bin Asad offered them three alternatives: to embrace Islam, and consequently their life, wealth, women and children would be in full security, and reminded them that such behaviour would not be incongruous with what they had read in their books about the veracity of Muhammad’s Prophethood; to kill their children and women and then challenge the Prophet (Peace be upon him) and his followers to the sword to either exterminate the Muslims or be exterminated, or as a third possibility to take Muhammad (Peace be upon him) and his people by surprise on Saturday — a day mutually understood to witness no fighting.

Sallam ibn Abi al-Huqayq (Abu Rofi‘) bu dahshatli yahudiy jinoyatchi edi: u bir tomondan Ahzob qo‘shinlarini to‘plab, ularni ko‘p mol-mulk va ta’minot bilan ta’minlagan, ikkinchi tomondan esa Payg‘ambar ﷺ ga tuhmat qilib yurardi. Musulmonlar Banu Quraiza bilan ishlarini hal qilib bo‘lgach, Al-Aws qabilasining raqibi bo‘lgan Al-Khazraj qabilasi Payg‘ambar ﷺ dan ushbu jinoyatchini o‘ldirishga ruxsat so‘radi, shunda ular ham yahudiylardan yana bir jinoyatchi, Ka‘b ibn Al-Ashraf’ni o‘ldirgan Al-Aws bilan teng fazilatga erishgan bo‘lishardi. Payg‘ambar ﷺ ayollar va bolalar o‘ldirilmasligi sharti bilan ularga ruxsat berdi.

Salam bin Abi Al-Huqaiq (Abu Rafi‘) was a terrible Jew criminal, who had mustered the troops of the Confederates and provided them with a lot of wealth and supplies, on the one hand, and used to malign the Prophet (Peace be upon him), on the other. When the Muslims had settled their affair with Banu Quraiza; Al-Khazraj tribe, a rival of Al-Aws, asked for the Prophet’s permission to kill that criminal in order to merit a virtue equal to that of Al-Aws who had killed another criminal of the Jews, Ka‘b bin Al-Ashraf. The Prophet (Peace be upon him) gave them his permission provided that no women or children be killed.

"Abdulloh ibn Ateeq boshchiligidagi besh kishilik guruh Xaybardagi Abu Rofi‘ qal‘asi tomon yo‘l oldi. Ular manzilga yaqinlashganda, Abdulloh o‘z odamlariga bir oz orqada turishni buyurdi, o‘zi esa to‘nini kiyib, go‘yo hojatxonaga borayotgandek ko‘rinib, oldinga o‘tdi. Qal‘a ahli ichkariga kirganda, darvozabon uni o‘zlaridan biri deb o‘ylab, ichkariga kirishga chaqirdi. Abdulloh ichkariga kirib, yashirinib oldi. So‘ngra Salom xonasiga olib boruvchi eshiklarning tavaqalarini ochishga kirishdi. U yerda zulmat edi, lekin u Salomni qilichdan o‘tkazishga muvaffaq bo‘ldi va so‘ngra xavfsiz chiqib ketdi. Qaytib kelayotganda oyog‘i sinib qoldi, shuning uchun uni bog‘ich bilan o‘rab, sahargacha bir yashirin joyda yashirindi. Tong otganda kimdir devorga chiqib, Salom ibn Abil-Huqayqning o‘limini rasman e’lon qildi. Bu xushxabarni eshitib, u yo‘lga chiqdi va Payg‘ambar ﷺ huzuriga bordi. Payg‘ambar ﷺ butun voqeani tinglab bo‘lgach, Abdullohga oyog‘ini cho‘zishni buyurdi. U oyoqni silagan edi, sinish o‘sha zahoti tuzaldi."

A group of five people with ‘Abdullah bin ‘Ateeq at their head, headed for Khaibar where ‘Abu Rafi‘’s fort was situated. When they approached the place, ‘Abdullah advised his men to stay a little behind, while he went ahead disguised himself in his cloak as if he had been relieving himself. When the people of the fort went in, the gate-keeper called him to enter thinking he was one of them. ‘Abdullah went in and lurked inside. He then began to unbolt the doors leading to Salam’s room. There it was absolutely dark but he managed to put him to the sword, and then leave in safety. On his way back, his leg broke so he wrapped it up in a band, and hid in a secret place until morning when someone stood on the wall and announced the death of Salam bin Abi Al-Huqaiq officially. On hearing the glad news he left and went to see the Prophet (Peace be upon him), who listened to the whole story, and then asked ‘Abdullah to stretch his leg, which he wiped and the fracture healed on the spot.

Bani Lihyan xiyonatkorlik qilib, Payg‘ambarning o‘nta sahobasini aldagan va ularni dorga osgan edi. Ularning yashash joyi Hijozning chuqur qismida, Makka chegarasida joylashgan bo‘lib, bir tomondan musulmonlar, ikkinchi tomondan Quraysh va arablar o‘rtasida chuqur qon-qasos adovati mavjud edi. Shu sababli Payg‘ambar ﷺ Quraysh — eng katta dushman — ichiga chuqur kirib, unga yaqinlashishni maqbul emas deb hisobladilar. Biroq, ittifoqdosh Ahzob kuchlari parokanda bo‘lib, ular zaiflashib, hozirgi noqulay kuchlar muvozanatiga bo‘ysunishga kirishganda, Allohning Elchisi ﷺ bu noyob imkoniyatni qo‘ldan boy bermadilar va Bani Lihyandan qasos olish vaqti kelganiga qaror qildilar. Hijriy oltinchi yilning Rabi‘ al-Avval yoki Jumod al-Ulo oyida ikki yuz nafar musulmon jangchi boshchiligida yo‘lga chiqdilar va go‘yo Shomga yo‘nalayotgandek ko‘rinish berdilar, so‘ng tez orada yo‘nalishni o‘zgartirib, sahobalari fojiaga uchragan joy — Batn G‘arronga qarab yurdilar va ularga Alloh rahm qilishini so‘radilar. Ularning yurishi haqida xabar Bani Lihyanga yetib bordi va ular darhol yaqin atrofdagi tog‘ cho‘qqilariga qochib, shu tariqa Payg‘ambar ﷺ qo‘lidan qutulib qolishdi. Qaytish yo‘lida Payg‘ambar ﷺ Quraysh yashash joyi yaqinidagi Kuro‘ al-G‘amim deb ataladigan joyga o‘nta otliqdan iborat guruhni yubordilar, bu bilan o‘zlarining ortib borayotgan harbiy qudratini bilvosita tasdiqlashni maqsad qildilar. Bu to‘qnashuvlarning barchasi o‘n to‘rt kun davom etdi, shundan so‘ng u zot uyga qaytib ketdilar.

Bani Lihyan had acted treacherously towards ten of the Prophet’s Companions and had them hanged. Their habitation being situated deep in the heart of Hijaz on the borders of Makkah, and due to deep-seated blood-revenge between the Muslims on the one hand, and Quraish and the Arabians on the other, the Prophet (Peace be upon him) deemed it unwise to penetrate deep and come close to the greatest enemy, Quraish. However, when the power of the allied Confederates collapsed and they began to slacken and resign to the current unfavourable balance of power, the Messenger of Allâh (Peace be upon him) seized this rare opportunity and decided that it was time to take revenge on Bani Lihyan. He set out in Rabi‘ Al-Awwal or Jumada Al-Ula in the year six Hijri at the head of two hundred Muslim fighters and made a feint of heading for Syria, then soon changed route towards Batn Gharran, the scene of his Companions’ tragedy, and invoked Allâh’s mercy on them. News of his march reached Bani Lihyan, who immediately fled to the mountain tops nearby and thus remained out of his reach. On his way back, the Prophet (Peace be upon him) despatched a group of ten horsemen to a place called Kura‘ Al-Ghamim, in the vicinity of the habitation of Quraish in order to indirectly confirm his growing military power. All these skirmishes took fourteen days, after which he left back for home.

1. Hijriy oltinchi yilda ‘Ukasha bin Al-Mihsan boshchiligidagi bir qo‘shin Bani Asad yashaydigan Al-G‘amir nomli joyga yuborildi. Dushman darhol qochib ketdi va ortida ikki yuz tuyasini qoldirdi, ular Madinaga olib kelindi.

1. A platoon led by ‘Ukasha bin Al-Mihsan was despatched to a place called Al-Ghamir inhabited by Bani Asad in the year six Hijri. The enemy immediately fled leaving behind them two hundred camels which were taken to Madinah.

1. Muhammad ibn Maslama boshchiligidagi bir qism askar Dhil Qassadagi Bani Tha‘laba qarorgohi tomon yo‘lga chiqdi. Lekin dushmanning yuz nafar kishisi ularni pistirmada kutib olib, Muhammad ibn Maslamadan tashqari barchasini o‘ldirdi. Muhammad ibn Maslama esa qochib qutulishga muvaffaq bo‘ldi, ammo og‘ir yaralangan edi.

1. A platoon led by Muhammad bin Maslamah set out towards the habitation of Bani Tha‘labah in Dhil Qassa. But a hundred men of the enemies ambushed and killed all of them except Muhammad bin Maslamah who managed to escape but badly wounded.

2. Bani Sa'labaga qarshi qasos sifatida Abu Ubayda ibn al-Jarrah qirq kishi boshchiligida Dhil Qassaga yuborildi. Ular o'sha kecha yo'l yurib, tong otganda dushmanni kutilmaganda qo'lga oldilar. Yana ular tog'larga qochdilar, faqat bitta kishi yaralangan holda qolib, keyinroq Islomni qabul qildi. Ushbu voqeada ularning ulushiga ko'p o'lja tushdi.

2. In retaliation against Bani Tha‘labah, Abu ‘Ubaidah bin Al-Jarrah, at the head of forty men, was despatched to Dhil Qassa. They walked that night and took the enemy by surprise in the morning. Again, they fled to the mountains except one who was injured, and later embraced Islam. A lot of booty fell to their lot in that particular incident.

3. Shu yili Zayd ibn Horis boshchiligida bir qo‘shin Bani Saleem qabilasining yashash joyi bo‘lgan Al-Jumumga yuborildi. Bani Muzayna qabilasidan bir ayol dushman lagerigacha bo‘lgan yo‘lni ko‘rsatdi. U yerda musulmonlar bir qancha asirlarni qo‘lga kiritdilar va ko‘p o‘ljaga ega bo‘ldilar. Keyinchalik Allohning Elchisi ﷺ o‘sha ayolga ozodlik berdilar va uni o‘z sahobalaridan biriga nikohladilar.

3. A platoon, under the leadership of Zaid bin Haritha, was sent to Al-Jumum, the habitation of Bani Saleem, in the same year. A woman from Bani Muzaina showed them the way to the enemy’s camp. There the Muslims took some captives and gained a lot of booty. Later on, the Messenger of Allâh (Peace be upon him) granted the woman her freedom and married her to one of his followers.

4. Zayd ibn Horisa Jumodul-Ulo oyida, 6-hijriy yilda, yuz yetmish otliq bilan Al-‘Ais deb ataladigan joyga yo‘l oldi va Quraysh karvonini, uni Payg‘ambarning qarindoshi Abul-‘As boshqarayotgan edi, to‘sib qo‘ydi hamda ularning tuyalarini talon-taroj qildi. Abul-‘As qochib, Zaynab (uning xotini va Payg‘ambarning qizi) uyida boshpana topdi. U Zaynabdan Payg‘ambar ﷺ dan uning mol-mulkini qaytarishni so‘rashini iltimos qildi. Payg‘ambar ﷺ odamlarga, ularni majburlamasdan, buni qilishni tavsiya qildi. Ular darhol bu odamga uning butun mol-mulkini qaytarib berishdi. U Makkaga qaytib bordi, omonatlarni ularga haqli bo‘lganlarga topshirdi, Islomni qabul qildi va Madinaga hijrat qildi. U yerda Payg‘ambar ﷺ uni xotini Zaynab bilan, ularning birinchi nikoh shartnomasidan so‘ng uch yarim yil o‘tgach, qayta birlashtirdi. Musulmon ayollar bilan kofirlar o‘rtasidagi nikohni taqiqlovchi oyat o‘sha paytda hali nozil bo‘lmagan edi.