Muzokaralar bay'at shartlari haqida tugagach, hozir bo'lganlarning barchasi bir ovozdan uni tasdiqlashga rozi bo'lgach, o'n birinchi va o'n ikkinchi yillarda Islomni qabul qilgan ilk avlod musulmonlaridan ikki kishi o'rnidan turib, qilmoqchi bo'lgan jiddiy qadam haqida boshqalarni xabardor qilishdi. Shunda ular butun ishdan xabardor holda bay'at berishlari va shu tariqa kutilayotgan qurbonlikka tayyor bo'lishlari uchun shunday qilishdi. Bu vaziyatda Al-Abbos ibn Ubada ibn Nadla shunday dedi: "Ey Xazraj xalqi! Ushbu zotga bergan ahdingizning ma'nosini bilasizmi? Siz aslida barcha va har kimga qarshi jang qilishga va'da berayapsiz. Agar mol-mulkingiz yoki ulug'laringizning jonlari xavf ostida qolishidan qo'rqsangiz, hozirning o'zida uni tark eting, chunki bay'atdan keyin buni qilsangiz, bu sizni ham dunyoda, ham oxiratda xor qiladi. Lekin agar qimmatli jonlar va mol-mulk yo'qotilsa ham, sizdan talab qilinganini bajara olishingizni o'ylasangiz, unda bu og'ir mas'uliyatni o'z zimmangizga oling. Alloh haqqi, bunda ham dunyoning, ham oxiratning yaxshiligi bor."
After the negotiations concerning the conditions of allegiance had ended, and all of the audience were unanimously agreed to ratify it, two men of the early generation of converts who had embraced Islam in the eleventh and twelfth years rose to their feet to apprise the others of the serious step they were about to take so that they could give their pledge fully aware of the whole affair and consequently be ready for the sacrifice they were expected to make. Al ‘Abbas bin Ubada bin Nadlah, in this context, remarked: “O you people of Khazraj! Do you know the significance of the pact that you are entering into with this man? You are in fact avowing that you will fight against all and sundry. If you fear that your property will be at stake or the lives of your nobles will be endangered, then leave him now, because if you do this after the pledge, it will be degrading for you both in this world and the world to come. But if you think that you can carry out what you are called upon to do in spite of the loss of precious lives and property, then undertake this heavy responsibility, and I swear by Allâh, that herein lies the good of this world and that of the next.”.
Ular javob berdilar: «Biz mol-mulkimizning yo‘qolishi va sardorlarimizning o‘ldirilishini allaqachon hisobga olganmiz, shunga qaramay unga bay‘at qilamiz. Ammo shu ahdning barcha bandlariga amal qilsak, bizning mukofotimiz nima bo‘ladi?» Payg‘ambar ﷺ javob berdilar: «Sizlar uchun Jannat tayyorlangan.» Shundan so‘ng ular unga qo‘lini cho‘zishni so‘radilar va hammasi qo‘llarini cho‘zib, bay‘at qildilar. Faqat o‘shanda As‘ad ibn Zurora odamlarning Alloh yo‘lidagi fidokorlikka tayyorligini anglab yetdi.
They replied, “We have already considered the loss of property and the murder of our notables, yet we pay him allegiance. But what is our reward if we observe all the items of this pact?” The Prophet replied: “Paradise is in store for you.” Then they asked him to stretch out his hand, and they all stretched out their hands and took the pledge. Only at that time did As‘ad bin Zurarah come to realize the people’s readiness for sacrifice in the cause of Allâh.
Jobir rivoyat qilishicha, u aytdi: “Biz Payg‘ambar ﷺ ga bay‘at qila boshlaganimizda, As‘ad ibn Zurara o‘rnidan turib, qisqa nutq so‘zladi: «Sabr qiling, Yasrib xalqi! Biz bu uzoq yo‘lni faqat u zot, ya'ni Muhammad ﷺ Allohning Elchisi ekaniga chuqur ishonganimiz uchun bosib o‘tdik. Biz allaqachon ishonch hosil qilganmiz: uning ortidan ergashish, hatto jonimiz xavf ostida bo‘lsa ham, arab mushriklaridan ajralishni talab qiladi. Agar shu yo‘lda sobit tursangiz va unga mahkam yopishsangiz, sizning buyuk mukofotingiz Allohning qo‘lida saqlanadi. Ammo agar qo‘rquvga berilsangiz, hozirning o‘zidayoq bu ishdan voz kechishingizni tavsiya qilaman, shunda Alloh huzurida sizning uzrингiz yanada kattaroq bo‘ladi».»
On the authority of Jabir, who said: “When we started to pay allegiance to the Prophet (Peace be upon him) , As‘ad bin Zurarah stood up and gave the following short address: “Take it easy people of Yathrib! We have not covered that long distance except because we have had deep belief that he (Muhammad (Peace be upon him) ) is the Messenger of Allâh. We are already convinced that following him entails departure from the pagan Arabs even if it were at the risk of our life. Should you preserve in this course, holdfast to it, and your great reward is placed in the Hand of Allâh, but if you are caught in fear, I admonish you to give it up just now, and then you would be more excusable by Allâh.”.
Ikki ayol haqida gap ketganda, bay'at og'zaki tarzda amalga oshirildi, chunki Payg'ambar ﷺ hech qachon begona ayol bilan qo'l berib ko'rishmagan. Shundan so'ng Payg'ambar ﷺ guruhdan Madinadagi o'z xalqiga Islomni targ'ib qilish uchun o'n ikki vakil tayinlashni so'radi; ular bu bay'at moddalarini amalga oshirish mas'uliyatini o'z zimmalariga olishlari va o'z qabilalaridagi erkaklarga Islomni yoyish masalalarida yo'l-yo'riq ko'rsatishlari kerak edi. Saylangan vakillardan to'qqiztasi Al-Xazraj qabilasidan edi: As'ad ibn Zurara ibn Adas, Sa'd ibn ar-Rabi' ibn Amr, Abdulloh ibn Ravaha ibn Sa'laba, Rifa' ibn Molik ibn al-Ajlon, al-Bora' ibn Ma'rur ibn Saxr, Abdulloh ibn Amr ibn Haram, Ubada ibn as-Somit ibn Qays, Sa'd ibn Ubada ibn Dulaym va al-Mundir ibn Amr ibn Xunays. Yana uchtasi Al-Avs qabilasidan edi: Usayd ibn Xudayr ibn Sammak, Sa'd ibn Xaysama ibn al-Horis va Rifa'a ibn Abdul-Mundir ibn Zubayr. O'sha o'n ikki kishi, xuddi Masihning shogirdlari kabi, o'z xalqlarining ishlari uchun kafil bo'lishga qasamyod qildilar, Payg'ambar ﷺ esa o'z xalqi, ya'ni barcha musulmonlar uchun kafil bo'ldi.
With respect to the two women, the pledge was taken orally for the Prophet (Peace be upon him) had never shaken hands with a strange lady. The Prophet (Peace be upon him) then asked the group to appoint twelve deputies to preach Islam to their people in Madinah, to shoulder the responsibility of implementing the articles of this pledge and to guide the respective men of their own tribes in matters relating to the propagation of Islam. The deputies elected were nine from Al-Khazraj: As‘ad bin Zurarah bin ‘Ads, Sa‘d bin Ar-Rabi‘ bin ‘Amr, ‘Abdullah bin Rawahah bin Tha‘labah, Rafi‘ bin Malik bin Al-‘Ajlan, Al-Bara’ bin Ma‘rur bin Sakhr, ‘Abdullah bin ‘Amr bin Haram, ‘Ubadah bin As-Samit bin Qais, Sa‘d bin ‘Ubadah bin Dulaim and Al-Mundhir bin ‘Amr bin Khunais. Three others were from Al-Aws: Usaid bin Hudair bin Sammak, Sa‘d bin Khaithamah bin Al-Harith and Rifa‘a bin ‘Abdul Mundhir bin Zubair. Once again, those twelvemen were sworn to act as surety over the affairs of their people just as the Christ’s disciples did, and the Prophet would act as surety over his people, meaning all the Muslims.
Qandaydir bir yo'l bilan Madinaliklar bilan bo'lgan bu yashirin cho'l uchrashuvlari haqidagi xabar oshkor bo'lib qoldi. Payg'ambar ﷺ darhol bu uchrashuvni Al-'Aqabada yashovchi, semiz va xunuk bir shaytonning fosh qilganini bildi va uni imkon qadar tezroq jazolashini aytib tahdid qildi. Buni eshitgan Al-'Abbos ibn Nadla dedi: "Sizni Haqiqat bilan yuborgan Alloh haqi, xohlasangiz, ertaga Mina aholisini (Quraysh kishilarini) qilichimiz bilan qirishga qodirmiz." Payg'ambar ﷺ aytdilar: "Bizga bunday yo'l tutish buyurilmagan. Endi lagerlaringizga qaytinglar." Ular tong otguncha uxlashga qaytib ketishdi.
Somehow or other, the news of these secret desert meetings with the Madinese leaked out. The Prophet immediately knew that it was a certain pudgy ugly devil, inhabited in Al-‘Aqabah, who discovered their meeting, and he threatened to settle his account with him as soon as possible. On hearing this, Al-‘Abbas bin Nadlah said “By Allâh, Who has sent you in Truth, we are powerful enough to put the people of Mina (the Quraishites) to our swords tomorrow, if you desire.” The Prophet (Peace be upon him) said “We have not been commanded to follow that course. Now, back to your camps.” They went back to sleep till morning.
Quraysh eshitishi bilanoq bu shartnoma haqida, darhol har tomondan fitna-fasod uyg'ota boshladi. Ular bunday ahdnoma o'z hayotlariga va boyliklariga bevosita katta ta'sir ko'rsatishini yaxshi tushunishdi. Ertasi kuni Makkaning yetakchilari va eng yirik jinoyatchilaridan iborat katta vakillar guruhi Madinaliklarning lagerigacha borib, shartnomaga qattiq e'tiroz bildirdi. Ular madinaliklarga shunday deb murojaat qilishdi: "Ey Xazraj qavmi, bizga xabar yetdiki, siz bu odam (Muhammad ﷺ) bilan shartnoma tuzib, uni Makkadan chiqarib yuborish uchun kelgansiz. Allohga qasamki, sizlar bilan bizning o'rtamizda har qanday urush bo'lishini biz chindan ham yomon ko'ramiz."
No sooner did Quraish hear of this treaty than a kind of trouble-provoking tumult began to mushroom in all directions. They realized quite fully that an allegiance of this sort is bound to produce far-reaching ramifications of direct impact on their lives and wealth. The following day, a large delegation comprising the leaders and arch-criminals of Makkah set out for the camp of the Madinese to protest severely against the treaty. They addressed the Madinese: “O people of Khazraj, it transpired to us that you have come here to conclude a treaty with this man (Muhammad) and evacuate him out of Makkah. By Allâh, we do really hold in abhorrence any sort of fight between you and us.”.
Madinalik mushriklar yashirincha qilingan bay'at haqida hech narsa bilmagani uchun, Alloh nomi bilan qasam ichishga kirishdilar va bu xabarda hech qanday haqiqat yo'qligini samimiy ravishda javob berdilar. Madinalik mushrik 'Abdulloh bin Ubay bin Salul ularning da'volarini rad etib, ularni asossiz va botil deb atadi, hamda uning qavmi o'zlariga aniq buyruq bermaguncha hech qachon biror ish boshlamasligini da'vo qildi.
The Madinese polytheists having known nothing about the secretly taken pledge, began to swear by Allâh and answered in good faith that there was no truth in the report. ‘Abdullah bin Ubai bin Salul, a Madinese polytheist, refuted their allegations denouncing them as null and void, claiming that his people would never initiate anything unless he gave them clear orders.
Madinalik musulmonlar esa sukut saqlab, na inkor etdilar, na tasdiqladilar. Quraysh yetakchilari mushriklar keltirgan dalillar bilan deyarli ishonganga o‘xshardi va umidsizlanib uylariga qaytdilar. Biroq ular eshitgan gaplarga to‘liq rozi bo‘lmadilar. Ular eng kichik tafsilotlarni tekshira boshladilar va eng mayda xabarlarni ham surishtirdilar, shu tariqa shubhasiz aniqlandiki, bitim haqiqatan ham bo‘lgan, lekin bu Madinalik hojilar Makkadan ketganidan keyin sodir bo‘lgan edi. G‘azab bilan ular hojilarni quvib ketdilar, ammo Sa‘d ibn ‘Ubodadan boshqa hech kimni ushlay olmadilar. Ular uni aytib bo‘lmas azoblarga solishdi, ammo keyinroq uni savdo aloqalari bo‘lgan Al-Mut‘im ibn ‘Adiy va Harb ibn Umayya ibn Harb ozod qildilar.
The Madinese Muslims, however, remained silent neither negating nor confirming. The Quraishite leaders seemed to be almost convinced by the arguments presented by the polytheists, and went back home frustrated. However, they did not fully acquiesce in the words they heard. They began to scrutinize the smallest details, and trace the minutest news till it was established beyond a shadow of doubt that the pact did take place, but that was after the Madinese pilgrims had left Makkah. In a fit of rage, they pursued the pilgrims but did not succeed in catching hold of anyone except Sa‘d bin ‘Ubadah. They subjected him to unspeakable tortures, but he was later rescued by Al-Mut‘im bin ‘Adi and Harith bin Harb bin Omaiya with whom he had trade relations.
Bu Ikkinchi ʿAqaba bay‘ati, keyinchalik Buyuk ʿAqaba bay‘ati nomi bilan mashhur bo‘lgan, Madinadagi mo‘minlar va Makkadagi ojiz musulmonlar o‘rtasidagi muhabbat, sadoqat va o‘zaro yordam ruhida amalga oshirilgan voqeaning hikoyasidir. Bu yangi mehr-oqibat, yaqinlik va hamkorlik ruhi hech qachon tasodifiy bir havas natijasi bo‘lishi mumkin emas edi; aksincha, u allaqachon chuqur o‘rnashgan bir yo‘nalishdan, ya’ni Allohga, Uning Rasuliga va Uning Kitobiga bo‘lgan iymondan kelib chiqqan edi. Bu shunday iymon ediki, u insonlarning nafsiga shunchalik mustahkam singib ketgan ediki, zulm va tajovuz kuchlari oldida bardosh berar, amaliyot va mafkuraga intilishda mo‘jizaga aylana olar edi. Musulmonlar tarix sahifalarida benazir yutuqlarni qayd etishlari uchun aynan shunday iymon haqiqiy vosita bo‘lgan. Shuningdek, ishonchimiz komilki, o‘sha buyuk insonlar amalga oshirgan ulkan yutuqlarga kelajak doimo intilib yashaydi.
That is the story of the Second ‘Aqabah Pledge, later known as the Great ‘Aqabah Pledge, effected in an atmosphere of love, allegiance and mutual support between Madinese believers and weak Makkan Muslims. This new spirit of affection, rapport and cooperation could never be attributable to a fleeing whim, on the contrary, it totally derived from an already deeply-established approach, viz. Belief in Allâh, His Messenger and His Book. It was a Belief so rooted in the selves that it managed to stand immune to all powers of injustice and aggression, and could be translated into miracles in the practical aspects of action and ideology pursuit. That sort of Belief was the real instrument for the Muslims to record in the annals of history unprecedented breakthroughs. We are also sure that the future will always remain wanting as regards those great achievements carried out by those great men.