Qayg'u yili
The Year Of Grief
ABU TOLIB VAFOTI:
ABU TALIB'S DEATH:
Hijriy o'ninchi yilning Rajab oyida, Abu Tolib Ash-Sha'b (qamal)dan chiqqanidan olti oy o'tib, kasallanib vafot etdi. Boshqa rivoyatda esa Abu Tolib Ramazon oyida, Xadija (Alloh undan rozi bo'lsin) vafotidan uch kun oldin jon berdi. Al-Musayyab rivoyat qilishicha, Abu Tolib o'lim to'shagida yotganida, Payg'ambar ﷺ xonaga kirdi va u yerda Abu Jahl hamda Abdulloh ibn Abi Umayyani ko'rdi. U amakisidan iltimos qildi:
In Rajab, the tenth year of the Prophethood, Abu Talib fell ill and passed away, six months after leaving the confinement at Ash-Sh‘ib. In another version, Abu Talib breathed his last in Ramadan, three days prior to the death of Khadijah (May Allah be pleased with her). On the authority of Al-Musaiyab, when Abu Talib was on the death bed, the Prophet (Peace be upon him) entered the room where he saw Abu Jahl and ‘Abdullah bin Abi Omaiyah. He requested his uncle:
“Amakijon, faqat Allohdan boshqa haqiqiy ilоh yo‘qligini e’lon qiling, men Alloh huzurida (sizning mo‘min ekaningizga) guvohlik beraman”.
• “My uncle, you just make a profession that there is no true god but Allâh, and I will bear testimony before Allâh (of your being a believer)”.
Abu Jahl va ‘Abdulloh ibn Abi Umayya unga murojaat qilib dedilar: “Abu Tolib, sen ‘Abdulmuttalibning dinidan voz kechasanmi?” Allohning Elchisi ﷺ uni (o‘z taklifini qabul qilishga) doimo undar edi, bu orada Abu Jahl va ‘Abdulloh ibn Abi Umayyaning o‘sha gaplari takrorlanib turardi — to Abu Tolib so‘nggi qaroriga kelguniga qadar. U ‘Abdulmuttalibning dinida qat’iy turdi va “Allohdan boshqa haqiqiy iloh yo‘q” deb iqror bo‘lishdan bosh tortdi. Shunda Allohning Elchisi ﷺ shunday dedi:
Abu Jahl and ‘Abdullah bin Abi Omaiyah addressing him said: “Abu Talib, would you abandon the religion of ‘Abdul-Muttalib?” The Messenger of Allâh (Peace be upon him) constantly requested him (to accept his offer), and (on the other hand) was repeated the same statement (of Abu Jahl and ‘Abdullah bin Abi Omaiyah) — till Abu Talib gave his final decision and he stuck to the religion of ‘Abdul-Muttalib and refused to profess that there is no true god but Allâh. Upon this the Messenger of Allâh (Peace be upon him) remarked:
“Allohga qasamki, sizlar uchun to‘xtovsiz mag‘firat so‘rayman, to (Alloh tomonidan) buni qilishdan man etilguncha”.
• “By Allâh, I will persistently beg pardon for you till I am forbidden to do so (by Allâh)”.
Shu payt Alloh, ulug' va ulug'vor, quyidagi oyatni nozil qildi:
It was then that Allâh, the Magnificent and Glorious revealed this verse:
“Payg‘ambarga va iymon keltirganlarga mushriklar (Allohning birligini inkor etuvchi, but-parastlar, kofirlar) uchun, ular qarindosh bo‘lsalar ham, ular do‘zax ahli ekani aniq bo‘lganidan keyin, mag‘firat so‘rash joiz emas” [9:113].
•v “It is not (proper) for the Prophet and those who believe to ask Allâh’s forgiveness for the Mushrikûn (polytheists, idolaters, pagans, disbelievers in the Oneness of Allâh) even though they be of kin, after it has become clear to them that they are the dwellers of the Fire (because they died in a state of disbelief).” [9:113].
Va Allohning Elchisiga (ﷺ) shunday deyildi:
And it was said to the Messenger of Allâh (Peace be upon him):
"Albatta, siz [ey Muhammad ﷺ] xohlagan kishingizni hidoyatga boshlay olmaysiz." [28:56].
• “Verily! You [O Muhammad (Peace be upon him) ] guide not whom you like.” [28:56].
Shubhasiz, Abu Tolib Muhammadga ﷺ juda mehr qo'ygan edi. Qirq yil davomida Abu Tolib sadoqatli do'st bo'ldi — uning bolaligining tayanchi, yoshligining homiysi, keyinchalik esa kuchli himoyachisi edi. Abu Tolib o'zini va oilasini jiyanining uchun xavf ostiga qo'yib qilgan qurbonliklari, uning risolatiga hali ishonmagan holda ham, xarakterining g'oyatda olijanob va fidoyi ekanini ko'rsatadi. Payg'ambar ﷺ sakson yoshli amakisini haqiqiy dinni qabul qilishga ko'ndirish uchun barcha harakatini qildi, ammo u qat'iy turib, ota-bobolarining butparastligida qoldi va shu sababli to'liq muvaffaqiyatga erisha olmadi. Al-Abbos ibn Abdulmuttalib rivoyat qilishicha, u Payg'ambarga ﷺ dedi: "Siz amakingiz (Abu Tolib)ga foyda keltira olmadingiz, holbuki, Alloh haqi, u sizni himoya qilar va sizning nomingizdan g'azablanar edi." Payg'ambar ﷺ dedi: "U sayoz olovda, agar men bo'lmaganimda, u (Do'zax) olovining eng tubida bo'lardi."
It goes without saying that Abu Talib was very much attached to Muhammad (Peace be upon him) . For forty years, Abu Talib had been the faithful friend — the prop of his childhood, the guardian of his youth and in later life a very tower of defence. The sacrifices to which Abu Talib exposed himself and his family for the sake of his nephew, while yet incredulous of his mission, stamp his character as singularly noble and unselfish. The Prophet (Peace be upon him) did his best to persuade his octogenarian uncle to make profession of the true faith, but he remained obdurate and stuck to the paganism of his forefathers, and thus could not achieve complete success. Al-‘Abbas bin ‘Abdul-Muttalib narrated that he said to the Prophet (Peace be upon him) “You have not been of any avail to your uncle (Abu Talib) (though) by Allâh, he used to protect you and get angry on your behalf.” The Prophet (Peace be upon him) said: “He is in a shallow fire, and had it not been for me, he would have been at the bottom of the (Hell) Fire.”.
Abu Sa‘id Al-Xudriy rivoyat qiladi: u Payg‘ambar ﷺ aytayotganini eshitgan. Payg‘ambar ﷺ amakisi haqida gap ochilganda shunday dedilar: «Umid qilamanki, mening shafoatim unga foyda beradi va u sayoz olovga joylashtiriladi, bu olov faqat uning to‘piqlarigacha ko‘tariladi».
Abu Sa‘id Al-Khudri narrated that he heard the Prophet (Peace be upon him) say, when the mention of his uncle was made, “I hope that my intercession may avail him, and he be placed in a shallow fire that rises up only to his heels.”
KHADIJAH VAFOT ETADI, ALLOHNING RAHMATIGA SOVG'ALDI:
KHADIJAH PASSES AWAY TO THE MERCY OF ALLAH:
Payg'ambarimiz ﷺ amakisining vafotidan atigi ikki oy o'tgach, yana bir katta shaxsiy yo'qotishga duch keldilar: mo'minlarning onasi, xotinlari Xadija Nubuvatning o'ninchi yilida, Ramazon oyida vafot etdilar. Vafot etganlarida u ayol oltmish besh yoshda edi, Payg'ambar ﷺ esa ellik yoshda edilar. Xadija haqiqatan ham Allohning Payg'ambar ﷺ uchun ne'mati edi. U yigirma besh yil davomida hayotning mashaqqat va sinovlarida ular bilan birga bo'ldi, ayniqsa Nubuvat da'vatining dastlabki o'n yilida. Payg'ambar ﷺ uning vafotidan chuqur qayg'urdilar va bir safar samimiy his-tuyg'ular bilan shunday dedilar:
Only two months after the death of his uncle, did the Messenger of Allâh (Peace be upon him) experience another great personal loss viz., the Mother of believers, his wife Khadijah passed away in Ramadan of the tenth year of his Prophethood, when she was sixty-five years old, and he was fifty. Khadijah was in fact a blessing of Allâh for the Prophet (Peace be upon him). She, for twenty-five years, shared with him the toils and trials of life, especially in the first ten years of his ministry of Prophethood. He deeply mourned over her death, and once he replied in an honest burst of tender emotions:
“U menga ishonganda, boshqa hech kim ishonmagan paytda ishondi. Odamlar meni yolg‘onchi deb hisoblaganda, u Islomni qabul qildi. Menga yordam beradigan boshqa hech kim yo‘q paytda, u o‘z shaxsi va mol-mulki bilan menga yordam berdi va tasalli bo‘ldi. Men undan faqat farzandlarni ko‘rdim.”ﷺ
• “She believed in me when none else did. She embraced Islam when people disbelieved me. And she helped and comforted me in her person and wealth when there was none else to lend me a helping hand. I had children from her only.”.
Abu Hurayra rivoyat qiladi: Jabroil Allohning Elchisi (ﷺ) huzurlariga kelib dedi: "Ey Allohning Elchisi, mana, Xadija sizning oldingizga ziravor qo'shilgan taom yoki ichimlik solingan idish bilan kelyapti. U sizning huzuringizga kelganda, unga Rabbisidan salom yetkazing va unga jannatdagi, u yerda shovqin ham, mashaqqat ham bo'lmaydigan, durdan qilingan saroy haqida xushxabar bering."
Abu Hurairah reported that Gabriel came to Allâh’s Messenger (Peace be upon him) and said: “Allâh’s Messenger, lo, Khadijah is coming to you with a vessel of seasoned food or drink. When she comes to you, offer her greetings from her Lord, and give her glad tidings of a palace of jewels in Paradise where there is no noise and no toil.”.
Bu ikki og'ir voqea qisqa vaqt ichida yuz berdi va uning qayg'usi hamda azob-uqubatlarini yanada oshirdi. Makkaliklar endi o'zlarining qiynoq va zulm yurgizish niyatini ochiq e'lon qildilar. Payg'ambar ﷺ ularni to'g'ri yo'lga qaytarish umidini butunlay yo'qotdi va qo'llab-quvvatlovchi muhit izlab At-Ta'if tomon yo'l oldi. Ammo u yerda ham umidsizlikka uchradi va tug'ilib o'sgan shahridagi ahvolidan ancha og'ir bo'lgan, chidab bo'lmas azob va xo'rlikka duchor bo'ldi. Sahobalari ham baravar tasavvur qilib bo'lmas qiynoqlarga va chidab bo'lmas zulmga uchradilar, shu darajaga yetdiki, eng yaqin do'sti Abu Bakr bosimdan qochib, Makkadan chiqib ketdi va agar Bark al-G'amadda unga uchrab, uning safarini davom ettirishdan qaytarib, o'z himoyasiga olib qaytargan Ibn ad-Dag'ana bo'lmaganda, Habashistonga (Efiopiyaga) jo'nab ketmoqchi edi.
SHAVVOL OYIDA, NUBUVATNING O‘NINCHI YILIDA SAVDAGA UYLANISHI:
HIS MARRIAGE TO SAWDA IN SHAWWAL, THE TENTH YEAR OF PROPHETHOOD :
Xadichaning vafoti Payg'ambarimizni ﷺ yolg'iz qoldirdi. Unga turmushga chiqish uchun Savdo ismli ayol taklif qilindi va u bunga rozi bo'ldi. Bu ayol Islom uchun ko'p qiyinchiliklarga duch kelgan edi. U Islomni qabul qilgan dastlabki kishilardan bo'lib, eri ham aynan uning ta'siri bilan Islomga kirgan edi. Habashistonga (Efiopiyaga) ikkinchi hijrat paytida Savdo eri As-Sakran ibn 'Amr bilan birga bo'lgan. U Makkaga qaytayotganda vafot etdi va Savdo og'ir muhtojlik ichida qoldi. Xadicha vafotidan keyin Payg'ambarimiz ﷺ turmushga chiqqan birinchi ayol aynan Savdo edi. Bir necha yildan so'ng u o'z navbatini sherigi 'Oisha bilan almashishga rozi bo'ldi, ya'ni Payg'ambarimizning ﷺ navbatini unga berdi.
The death of Khadijah left the Prophet (Peace be upon him) lonely. The name of Sawdah was suggested to him for marriage which he accepted. This lady had suffered many hardships for the sake of Islam. She was an early convert to the Islamic Faith and it was by her persuasion that her husband had embraced Islam. On the second emigration to Abyssinia (Ethiopia), Sawdah had accompanied her husband As-Sakran bin ‘Amr. He died on their way back to Makkah leaving her in a terrible state of destitution. She was the first woman for the Prophet (Peace be upon him) to marry after the death of Khadijah. Some years later she granted her turn with the Prophet (Peace be upon him) to her co-wife, ‘Aishah.