关于这个问题，伊玛目an-Nawawi（愿安拉慈悯他）

Regarding this issue Imaam an-Nawawi (may Allah have mercy on him)

他在《沙赫·萨希赫·穆斯林》（Sharh Saheeh Muslim）中，于“命善戒恶”这一章下说道：“要知道，此章——即……这一章——曾经早已消逝，如今所剩的迹象已经很少。”此章极为重要，它是这一事务的支柱与根基。当恶行普遍蔓延时，惩罚将会笼罩善人与恶人，如果他们不制止暴君，安拉几乎要惩罚他们所有人。

says in his Sharh Saheeh Muslim under the chapter “enjoining the ma’roof and forbidding the munker”: “Know that this chapter - ie the chapter of seen-off a long time ago, and what is left of it nowadays is very few signs.” This chapter is of grave importance; it is the support and basis of the matter. When the evil becomes widespread then the punishment will engulf the good and the bad (people), and if they did not restrain the tyrant, Allah will be about to punish them all:

“让那些违背使者命令的人当心，免得灾祸临到他们，或痛苦的刑罚降临到他们身上。”［TMQ 24:63］劝善戒恶的必要性是持久的，只要生命本身、其安全与福祉仍有所需，这种必要性就始终存在。事实上，传播伊斯兰教的使命（da'wah）与上述一切同等重要。先知ﷺ阐明了这种必要性的程度，并为此举例。他说：“遵守真主界限的人，与逾越界限的人，好比同乘一条船的人：有些人坐在下层，另一些人坐在上层。”

“And let those who oppose the Messenger’s commandment beware, lest some affliction befall them or a painful torment be inflicted on them.” [TMQ 24:63] The need for enjoining the ma’roof and forbidding the munkar is necessary and permanent as long as the need remains for life itself, its security and well being. Indeed, the da’wah is equivalent to all of that. The Prophet has explained the extent of that need and gave an example for it. So he said; “The example of those who maintain Allah’s limits and those who surpassed the limit is like the example of those who share a boat. Some would occupy the lower while others the upper deck.

“下层甲板的人要取水，就必须上到上层甲板去。他们说：‘我们何不在下层甲板上凿一个洞，直接取水，免得打扰上面的人？’如果上层甲板的人任由他们这样做，那么整条船连同所有乘客都会沉没；然而如果他们阻止这样做，那么所有人都将得救。”［布哈里圣训集所载］这段圣训说明，劝善戒恶与社会的生命和安全是相辅相成的。任何在履行这一职责上的懈怠，除了让船连同船上所有人一起沉入海底、所有人都葬身海中之外，别无结果。

The occupants of the lower deck would have to go to the upper deck to have access to the water. They said, ‘Why don’t we drill a hole in the lower deck to directly access the water, so as not to cause any inconvenience to those above us?’ If those on the upper deck allowed this to happen, then the entire boat with all the passengers would sink. However if they prevented them from doing so, then all would be saved” [Reported by Bukhari]. This hadith explains how enjoining the ma’roof and forbidding the munkar is equivalent to the life and security of society. Any complacency in undertaking this task has no outcome except that the boat sinks with everyone on it, to the bottom of the sea and everybody would perish and drown.

《古兰经》在许多经文中阐明了伊斯兰宣传（da’wah）的重要性，以及人们对它的需要。《古兰经》的文字并不局限于宣传这一主题，而是包含了许多词语和含义，且都围绕宣传这一主题展开，此外还有先知ﷺ的圣训（ahadeeth）。我们在此仅举几例以作说明，而非穷尽所有。

The Qur’an has expressed the importance of the da’wah and people’s need for it in many ayaat. The words of the Qur’an have not been restricted to the subject of da’wah, but rather they have included many words and meanings all of which revolve around the topic of da’wah, in addition to ahadeeth (traditions) of the Messenger . We mention a few of them here by way of example and not as an exhaustive account.

《古兰经》以“劝善戒恶”这一表述来阐明伊斯兰的宣教（达瓦）。安拉说：

The Qur’an has expressed the da’wah by the phrase, “enjoining the ma’roof and forbidding the munka.” He said:

“你们是为人类而被造就的最优秀的民族，你们提倡善行，禁止恶行，并且信仰真主。”[《古兰经》3:110]，祂说：

“You are the best of peoples ever raised up for mankind; you enjoin the ma’roof and forbid the munkar, and you believe in Allah” [TMQ 3:110], and He said:

“故当从你们中间组成一个团体,号召人们行善(伊斯兰),命人行道,禁人作恶。这些人便是成功者。”[《古兰经》3:104] 安拉的使者ﷺ说:“以掌握我灵魂者起誓,你们必须命人行道、禁人作恶,否则安拉将要降下惩罚,那时你们向祂祈祷,也不会得到回应。”[提尔米兹圣训集辑录]他还说:“你们中间若有人看见恶事,就应当用手去改变它;若不能,就用舌头去改变它;若仍不能,就在心里憎恶它。这是信仰最弱的程度。”[穆斯林圣训集辑录]

“And let there arise from amongst you a group inviting to all that is good (Islam), enjoining the ma’roof and forbidding the munkar. And it is they who are successful.” [TMQ 3:104] The Messenger of Allah said; “By the One in whose Hand lies my soul, you must order the ma’roof and forbid the munkar, or Allah will be about to send a punishment, then you will supplicate to Him and you will not be answered” [Reported by Tirmizi]; and he said, “Whosoever from amongst you sees a munkar let him change it with his hand, if he is not able then let him change it with his tongue, and if he is not able then let him hate it in his heart. And that is the weakest of Imaan” [Reported by Muslim].