诚然，考察安拉的义务的人会发现，其中有些是个人义务，有些是集体义务。个人义务（fard ‘ayni）是每位法定责任人（mukallaf）必须亲自履行的义务。如果穆斯林放弃这项义务，那么即便所有穆斯林都已履行了它，他也不能免于罪责。反之，如果他履行了这项义务，而其他所有穆斯林都疏忽了它，那么他在安拉面前便免于罪过和指责。这意味着，每位穆斯林都有责任去探求个人义务并遵行它们，以便免除罪责，并在义务的创制者面前安定自己的良心。同样，关于个人义务所说的，也适用于禁令，只要这些禁令与个人相关。这意味着穆斯林必须礼拜、在斋月封斋、能力所及时朝觐天房、当财产达到尼萨布（即应纳天课的最低额度）时缴纳天课、孝敬父母、食用合法（halaal）且善良的食物；远离不洁和非法（haraam）的食物，远离通奸（zina）、说谎、背后议人，以及其他类似的事情，而这些都是穆斯林必须去了解的。如此，他所做的任何事，只要是善行（ma’roof），他便去做；凡是恶行（munkar），他便戒绝。

Indeed, the one who examines the divine obligations will find that some of them are individual and some are collective. The fard ‘ayni (individual obligation) is the obligation which must be undertaken by every mukallaf (legally responsible person) by himself. If a Muslim abandons this obligation, then he would not be free of the sin, even if all the Muslims had undertaken it. If he undertook the obligation while all the Muslims neglected it, then he would be free of the sin and blame before Allah 􀀬. This means that it is incumbent on every Muslim to search for the individual obligations and adhere to them, so as to be absolved from guilt, and to relieve his conscience before the Creator of obligations. Likewise, what has been said about the individual obligations is also the case regarding the prohibitions, as long as they relate to the individual. This means that the Muslim has to perform the salah, fast in Ramadan, make pilgrimage to the Sacred House when he can, pay the zakah when his wealth reaches the nisaab (the minimum amount above which zakah is due), look after his parents, eat the halaal and good; abstain from eating the evil and haraam and abstain from zina (adultery), lying and backbiting, and other such things, which the Muslim must inquire about. Thus he will undertake any action if it is ma’roof and abstain if it is munkar.