11.3 什么是塔古特?
11.3 What Is Taghut?
伊斯兰教规定,将判决诉诸于真主之外的任何人,即等同于诉诸塔古特。真主(SWT)说:"你没有看见那些自称信仰降示你的经典和降示你以前的经典的人吗?他们却想把争讼诉诸塔古特,而他们奉命不信仰塔古特。"
Islam has determined that referring for judgment to anyone other than Allah constitutes referring to the Taghut. He said; “Have you seen those (hypocrites) who claim that they believe in that which has been sent down to you, and that which was sent down before you, and they wish to go for judgment (in their disputes) to the Taghut while they have been ordered to reject them.
“但恶魔想要把他们引入深远的迷途。”[TMQ 4:60] 塔古特的统治就是贾希利叶的统治。凡是与真主(SWT)和使者ﷺ的统治相违背的统治,都属于此类。伊本·盖伊姆在其著作《诸世界主的告知者》中说:“塔古特是仆人超越界限的一切事物,无论是所崇拜的对象,还是所追随或服从的对象。因此,每个民族的塔古特,就是他们舍真主和使者而求裁决的人,或是他们舍真主而崇拜的对象,或是他们在没有真主的证据之下追随的人,或是他们在不知道其源自顺从真主的情况下所服从的人。”《古兰经》认为,那些求助于塔古特之人的信仰只是一种声称或伪装,而非实际。此外,《古兰经》还将塔古特与信仰对立起来,真主(SWT)说:“谁不信塔古特而信真主,谁就已经把握了最坚固的把柄。”[TMQ 2:256] 因此,伊斯兰乌玛在使者ﷺ之后直至末日,必须成为人类的见证。乌玛应当向人类说出《古兰经》所说的话:“你们应当崇拜真主,远离塔古特。”[TMQ 16:36] 所以,把宗教与生活分离的理念,以及由此衍生的思想,例如民主,都是塔古特的思想。伊斯兰命令我们摒弃并拒绝它们。
But Shaytan wishes to lead them far astray.” [TMQ 4:60] The rule of Taghut is the rule of Jahiliyyah. It is every rule that contradicts the rule of Allah and His Messenger . Ibn al-Qayyim says in his book, A’laam al-muwaqqi’een; “Taghut is everything with which the servant exceeds the bounds, in terms of something that is worshipped, someone followed or obeyed. Thus, the Taghut of every people is the one whom they refer to for judgment other than Allah and His Messenger, or the one they worship other than Allah, or follow without a proof from Allah, or obey in what they do not know as being from the obedience to Allah.” The Qur’an considers the Imaan of the one who refers to Taghut as a claim or pretense and not a reality. Also the Qur’an has made Taghut a rival to Imaan when He said; “Whoever disbelieves in Taghut and believes in Allah, then he has grasped the most trustworthy handhold.” [TMQ 2:256] Thus, the Islamic Ummah must be a witness over mankind after the Messenger until the Day of Judgment. The Ummah should say to mankind what the Qur’an has said; “Worship Allah (alone), and avoid (or keep away from) Taghut.” [TMQ 16:36] Therefore, the idea of separating religion from life, and the thoughts that emanate from it, such as Democracy, are thoughts of Taghut. Islam has commanded us to discard and reject them.
这是民主,这是伊斯兰教对它的看法。至于将这一切应用于大地所产生的结果,它究竟是我们愿意生活其下的一套崇高而美好的制度,还是一套邪恶的制度,使人们在其中被烈火焚烧,因其实行而过着空虚与失落的生活?
This is Democracy and this is the opinion of Islam regarding it. As for the results produced by applying all of this on the earth, is it an honorable and beautiful system under which we would like to live or is it an evil system, which burns the people with its fire whilst they live a life of emptiness and loss due to its application?