我们已经说过,伊斯兰已经阐明了每一件"马阿鲁夫"(善行)和每一件"孟凯尔"(恶行);穆斯林有义务遵行他所负有责任的每一件善行,并远离每一件恶行。这里产生的问题是:他是否会劝人行他自己所行的每一件善行,还是劝人行的善行多于、少于或约等于他自己所行的?他是否会禁止他所远离的每一件恶行,还是禁止的恶行多于、少于或约等于他自己所远离的?

We said that Islam has clarified every ma’roof and every munkar; the Muslim is required to abide by every ma’roof for which he is responsible and abstain from every munkar. The question that arises here is; does he enjoin every ma’roof that he carries out, or does he enjoin the majority of, or less than, what he carries out himself? Does he forbid every evil he refrains from, or does he forbid the majority of, or less than, what he refrains from himself?

在探讨这一主题之前,我们必须先理解伊斯兰教法(Shar'a)所要实现的目标。伊斯兰教法旨在建立一个伊斯兰社会,其中不存在任何与教法理念相悖的观念,也不发生任何未获教法认可的行为。教法所禁止的每一种恶行(munkar)都必须被制止并受到惩处。换言之,真主所命令的一切律例与信仰都必须得到落实。已经发生或可能发生的每一种恶行都要加以追究。真主命令穆斯林承担这一责任,使这项任务意义重大,并赐予其极大的回报。伊玛目安萨里(愿真主怜悯他)在其著作《宗教学科的复兴》中说:"至于后文:劝善戒恶确是宗教中最伟大的支柱,也是真主派遣所有先知所负的使命。若此事废弃,其知识与实践被忽视,那么先知的使命将会中断,宗教将会消亡,无宗教的时代将会降临,迷误与无知将会蔓延,腐败将会加剧,裂痕将无法修补,国土将会毁灭,民众将会灭亡。"

Before dealing with this subject, we must understand the reality of what the Shar’a seeks realise. The Shar’a aims that an Islamic society be established, in which not a single concept goes against the concepts of the Shar’a; neither does any action take place that is not approved by the Shar’a. Every munkar forbidden by the Shar’a must be prevented and punished. In other words, whatever Allah 􀀬 ordered in terms of rules and beliefs must exist. Every munkar that has taken place or can take place is pursued. Allah 􀀬 has ordered the Muslims to undertake this responsibility. He 􀀬 made this task great and has granted it immense reward. Imaam Ghazali (may Allah have mercy on him) said in his book, “Ihyaa’ ‘uloom ad-deen”; “Amma Ba’d. Indeed, enjoining the good and forbidding the evil is the greatest pillar in the deen. It is the mission with which Allah 􀀬 sent all the prophets. If this ceased to exist and its knowledge and practice was neglected then the prophethood would be suspended, the deen would vanish, the period of no deen would prevail, misguidance and ignorance will spread and corruption will become worse, the rent become beyond repair, the lands will be destroyed and the people will perish.”