3.2 伊斯兰为基础的政党或政党存在的义务
3.2 The Obligation Of The Existence Of A Political Party Or Parties On The Basis Of Islam
这节经文只指明了设立伊斯兰政党的义务,以及政党工作的类型和总体性质。至于确定必须努力建立的“maʿrūfāt”(善行)和必须努力消除的“munkarāt”(恶行),则与政党所处的现实相关联,即采用必要的沙里亚规定来改变现实。因此,遵照这节经文设立、致力于监督统治者、审查其工作及其思想内容的团体,其工作应与其所处的现实相联系:它们将监视统治者的行为,因其疏忽而追究其责任,迫使其遵循真理并约束其在真理之内,在乌玛中唤起觉醒,并与统治者合作,向外传播伊斯兰的宣教。而遵照这节经文设立、但不存在哈里发或哈里发国的团体,则必须采纳与其工作相关的一切内容。因此,它要确定沙里亚所要求的目标,然后确定其必须遵循的方法和为实现此事所需的思想,如此等等。
The ayah has indicated the obligation of having Islamic political parties and nothing else. It has also clarified the type and general nature of its work. As for determining the ma’roofaat that one must work to establish and defining the munkaraat that one has to work to remove; this is linked to the reality in which the parties find themselves, in terms of adopting the necessary Shar’ee rules to change it. Thus, the group which is established in compliance with this ayah and works to account the rulers, its work and the content of its culture would be linked to the reality in which it works: they will monitor the actions of a ruler and account him for the negligence, by forcing on him the truth and confining him to it, and create the awareness in the Ummah and work with the ruler to spread the Islamic da’wah outside. As for the group which is established in compliance with this ayah, where there is no Khaleefah or Khilafah, it must adopt everything related to its work. Thus, it defines the aim demanded by the Shar’a and then defines the method which it must follow and the thoughts it needs, to establish this matter and so on and so forth.
因此,义务在于拥有一个政党,无论国家是否已经存在。至于界定该团体的目标、其工作以及其文化的内容,则与现实相关联。
Thus the obligation is to have a political party, whether a State existed or not. As for defining the aim of this group, its work and content of its culture, this is linked with reality.
鉴于今日的局势:穆斯林的哈里发已不复存在,而哈里发本应依照安拉所降示的律法进行统治;穆斯林所居住的土地是“古弗尔之地”(dar al-kufr);当今社会的各种关系与制度并非建立在伊斯兰的基础之上,社会也是非伊斯兰的。因此,必然需要存在这样一个团体:其工作重心在于把这片土地转变为“伊斯兰之地”(dar al-Islam),把社会转变为伊斯兰社会,重新确立依照安拉所降示之律法的统治,即恢复伊斯兰的生活方式,并将伊斯兰的召唤(da'wah)传播到全世界。这便是该团体或政党必须为之奋斗、以求实现的目标。
Since today we live in a situation where the Khaleefah of the Muslims, who rules by what Allah has revealed, does not exist; and since the land in which the Muslims live is dar al-kufr, and since the relationships and systems in society today are not on the basis of Islam; and the society is non-islamic, it then becomes inevitable that a group would exist whose work will be focused on transforming the land into dar al-Islam, and the society into an Islamic society, and re-establish the ruling by what Allah has revealed i.e. resume the Islamic way of life and carry the da’wah to the world. This is the objective the group or party must strive towards realising.