10.3 有资格担任公务员者
10.3 Those who are eligible to be civil servants
有资格在国家部门工作的人
Those who are Eligible to work in the State’s Department
任何持有国籍且有能力的人,无论男女、穆斯林或非穆斯林,都有资格被任命为任何行政机构的负责人,或在其中担任职员。这取自雇佣(Ijara)的规则,其中允许雇用任何人,无论其是穆斯林还是非穆斯林。这是因为雇佣的依据是一般性的表述。安拉(SWT)说:.
Anyone who holds citizenship and is competent, man or woman, Muslim or non-Muslim is eligible to be appointed as a director of any administration or to be an employee in it.. This is taken from the rules of hiring (Ijara) where it is permitted to hire any person whether Muslim or non-Muslim. This is because the evidences for hiring are in general form. Allah (S.W.T) says: .
"And if they suckled for you, do give them their wage". [65:6] this is general evidence. Bukhari narrated from Abu Hurairah from the Messenger of Allah (PBUH), who said:. Note: the translation below follows the system rules, so the Qur'an verse and quotation are rendered faithfully and the Prophet's mention is followed by ﷺ. "{且如果她们为你们哺乳,你们就应当给她们报酬}"[65:6],这是一般性的证据。布哈里传述,艾卜·胡莱赖说,真主的使者ﷺ说:
"And if they suckled for you, do give them their wage". [65:6] this is general evidence. Bukhari narrated from Abu Hurairah from the Messenger of Allah (PBUH), who said:.
真主(S.W.T)说:“在复活日,我将与三种人为敌……一个人雇用了一名工人,从他那里获得了劳动成果,却不给他应得的报酬。”[布哈里,《圣训实录》,#227]
"Allah (S.W.T) said, “I will challenge three people on the day of Judgement… and a man who employed a labourer, he received from him (the work) but did not give him his wage".” [Bukhari, Sahih, #227]..
这条证据也是笼统的。
This evidence is also general. .
使者(愿主赐他平安)亲自曾雇佣过一位来自Banu Al-Dil部落的非穆斯林,这表明雇佣非穆斯林与雇佣穆斯林一样是被允许的。雇佣女性与雇佣男性一样也是被允许的,这依据的是证据的普遍性。因此,女性担任政府部门的负责人或成为其中的雇员是被允许的,非穆斯林担任政府部门的负责人或成为该部门的雇员也是被允许的,因为他们都是受雇人员,而关于雇佣的证据是普遍适用的。
The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) did himself once hire a man from Banu Al-Dil who was a non-Muslim, which indicates that it is permitted to hire a non-Muslim just as it is to hire a Muslim. It is also permitted to hire a woman just as it is to hire a man, following the generality of the evidences. Therefore, it is permitted for a woman to be a director of a government department or to be one of its employees, and it is permitted for a non-Muslim to be a director of a government department or an employee in that department, for they are all hired staff, and the evidences about hiring are general.