司法机关负责作出裁决并使之得以执行。它裁断人与人之间的纠纷，防止任何可能损害社会权利的行为，同时也裁断人与统治体系中任何人员之间的纠纷，无论其是统治者还是公务员，无论是哈里发还是其他任何人。

The Judiciary is responsible for delivering the verdict for the purpose of enforcing it. It settles disputes between people, prevents whatever may harm the rights of the community and also settles the disputes between people and any person who is part of the ruling system, whether they are rulers or civil servants, the Khalifah or any other person. .

司法制度的根源及其合法性来自《古兰经》和圣训。至于《古兰经》，安拉（SWT）说：

The origins of the judicial system and its validity are the Book and the Sunnah. As for the Book, Allah (S.W.T) says: .

"{并且你应当依真主所降示的经典，在他们之间做出裁决。}"[5:49]。

"And judge between them by that which Allah has revealed." [5:49]. .

他（SWT）还说："当他们被召唤到真主和使者那里，让他在他们之间裁决时，……"[24:48]。

And He (S.W.T) also says: "And if they were invited to Allah and His Messenger to judge between them." [24:48].