信息是da'wah(宣教)和国家最重要的事务之一。它并不属于依附于民众事务部门的民众利益(masalih)的范畴,而是直接隶属于哈里发,作为一个独立的机构,与国家的任何一个机构并无二致。

Information is one of the most important matters for the da'wah and State. It is not one of the interests (masalih) of the people that follow the department of people's affairs. It is rather directly connected with the Khalifah as an independent organisation, just like any one of the State's organisations. .

一项出色的信息政策若能有力而有效地展现伊斯兰，便会激发人们的心灵转向伊斯兰，并促使他们去学习和思考伊斯兰。它也有助于将穆斯林的土地并入哈里发国家。此外，还有许多与国家密切相关的信息，未经哈里发的指示不得发布。这体现在军事事务及相关事项上，例如军队的调动、胜利与失败的消息以及军事工业。此类消息必须直接交由伊玛目（哈里发）决定：哪些消息应当隐瞒，哪些消息必须公布和宣传。

The presence of a distinguished information policy that presents Islam strongly and effectively would provoke the minds of the people to turn toward Islam, and to study and think of it. It also facilitates the annexation of Muslim lands to the Khilafah State. Furthermore, there are many issues of information which are closely related to the State, and they cannot be published without the Khalifah's instruction. This is manifested in the military matters and related issues, such as the movement of the armies, and the news of victory and defeat and the military industries. This type of news must be linked directly to the Imam so as to decide which news has to be concealed and which news must be announced and advertised. .

这一点的证据是《古兰经》和圣训。关于《古兰经》，安拉（SWT）说：.

The evidence to this is the Book and the Sunnah. As regarding the Book, His (S.W.T) saying: .

"{当有关于平安或恐惧的消息传到他们那里时，他们就把它宣扬出去；如果他们把它交给使者和有权威的人，那么他们中间能够深入研究的人就会知道它。}"[TMQ 4:83]

"And if any tidings, whether of safety or fear, come to them, they announce it, whereas if they had referred it to the Messenger and those in authority, then those among them who are able to think out of the matter would have known it." [TMQ 4:83] .

这节经文的主题是这则消息。

The subject of the verse is the news. .

关于圣训而言,是伊本·阿拔斯关于攻克麦加的圣训,由阿勒-哈基姆在《阿勒-穆斯塔德拉克》中转述,他认为该圣训依照穆斯林的条件为沙希德(可信的)圣训,阿勒-扎哈比也确认了这一点。圣训中提到:"古赖氏人得不到消息,因此安拉的使者ﷺ的消息无法传到他们那里,他们也不知道他对他们有何打算。" 此外还有阿布·萨拉马的穆尔赛勒圣训(即该圣训没有直接连接到安拉的使者ﷺ,而是缺少了某位圣门弟子的名字),由伊本·艾布·沙伊巴转述,其中提到:

As regarding the Sunnah it is the hadith of Ibn Abbas about the conquest of Makkah as is reported by Al-Hakim in Al-Mustadrak, described as sahih based on the condition of Muslim, and Al-Dhahabi confirmed that. The hadith mentions: "The news were obscured to Quraish; so the news of the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) would not reach them, and nor they know what he is planning regarding them." . There is also the mursal (hadith not directly connected to the Messenger (PBUH), rather the name of a sahabi is missing) of Abu Salamah as reported by Ibn Abu Shaybah, which mentions: .

然后先知ﷺ对阿伊莎说:"为我准备好东西,不要告诉任何人。"随后他下令封锁道路,使麦加人无法出入,这样就没有任何消息传到他们那里。

"Then the Prophet (PBUH) said to Ayesha: Prepare (things to) me and do not tell anybody of that. Then he ordered that roads be shut off, so people of Makkah were obstructed, and thus no news would reach them." .

还有关于 Tabuk 远征（ghazwah of 'usrah）的 Ka'b 圣训，这段圣训为双方共同认可（متفق عليه），其中说：

There is also the hadith of Ka'b which is agreed upon regarding the ghazwah of 'usrah (Tabuk), which says: .

真主的使者ﷺ每次出征时，除了这一次之外，总是不明说目的地，只作暗示。这一次他出征时正值天气极其炎热，路途遥远，地处沙漠，而敌人又十分强大。因此，他向穆斯林讲明了他们应当做好的准备，并告知了他们所要前往的目的地。

"The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) never wanted a ghazwah without alluding to something else except in that ghazwah, which he made during a very hot weather, a distant place, a desert and a huge enemy. So, he explained to the Muslims their matter to be ready for their raid, and he thus informed them of the destination he wants." .

还有安proxy圣门弟子安斯（Anas）传述、由布哈里收录的圣训： Note: correction below. 还有安斯（Anas）传述、由布哈里（Al-Bukhari）收录的圣训：

There is also the hadith of Anas as reported by Al-Bukhari: .

先知ﷺ在zayd、Ja'far和Ibn Ruwahah的死讯传到他那里之前，就宣布了他们的死讯。他说：Zayd拿起了旗帜，但他被杀了；然后Ja'far拿起了它，他也被杀了；然后Ibn Ruwahah拿起了它，他也被杀了；他说这话时哭了。最后，真主的一把剑拿起了它，直到真主赐予他们胜利。"[Bukhari, Sahih, #3757]。

"The Prophet (PBUH) announced the death of Zayd, Ja'far and Ibn Ruwahah before the news of their death reached him. He said: Zayd took the flag but he was killed, then Ja'far took it and he was killed, then Ibn Ruwahah took it and he was killed; he said that while he was crying. Lastly one of the swords of Allah took it till Allah granted them victory." [Bukhari, Sahih, #3757]. .

这一原则在四大哈里发时期的一个应用，是伊本·穆巴拉克在《圣战》一章中所载的记述。哈基姆在《穆斯塔德拉克》中也收录了此段，并称其依照穆斯林（圣训辑录者）的标准为沙希德（sahih，可信的），阿兹-达哈比对此表示同意。记述来自宰德·伊本·阿斯拉姆，其父阿斯拉姆，再从欧麦尔·伊本·哈塔卜处传来：他得知阿布·欧拜代被包围，敌人集结起来对付他。于是欧麦尔写信给他说：“愿平安降临你。此后，凡信士所遭遇的任何困难，安拉都必为他开辟一条出路；一难不能胜两易。”

Some of the applications of this rule at the time of the Rashidun is that which is narrated by Ibn Al-Mubarak in the subject of jihad, Al-Hakim reported in Al- Mustadrak and he described it as sahih based on the condition of Muslim, which Al-Dhahabi agreed to, from Zayd ibn Aslam from his father from ‘Umar ibn Al-Khattab "that he was informed that Abu Ubaydah was surrounded and the enemy rallied against him. So, ‘Umar wrote to him, ‘Peace is upon you. After that, there is not any difficulty that befalls a believer except Allah made for him a way out of it; and never a hardship would defeat two eases.’” .

哦，信道的人们！你们应当坚忍，比别人更加坚忍，并应当准备好，敬畏真主，以便你们成功。（3:200）

O you who believe! Endure, out do all others endurance, be ready and observe your duty to Allah, in order that you may succeed.' (3:200).

他说：阿布·欧拜даה（Abu ‘Ubaydah）致信给他说：“愿平安降临于你。之后，安拉在祂的经典中说：” Note on the translation: the Qur'an verse reference was cut off in the original ("says in His Book:" followed by a period), so I've kept it as is.

He said: Abu ‘Ubaydah wrote to him, “Peace is upon you, after that Allah says in His Book: .

“你们应当知道：今世的生活，只是游戏、娱乐、虚饰、你们互相夸耀，以及在财产和子女方面互相竞赛。”（57：20）

'Know that the life of this world is only play, and idle talk, and pageantry, and boasting among you, and rivalry in respect of wealth and children.” (57: 20). .

他说,然后欧麦尔手持他的信出去,坐在讲台上,把信念给麦地那的人听,并说:"麦地那的人们啊!阿布·欧拜德暗示你们,应当对圣战表现出兴趣。"

He said, then ‘Umar went out holding his book, sat on the mimbar and read it to the people of Al-Madinah and said, “O people of Al-Madinah! Abu Ubaydah alludes to you that you should show interest in jihad." .

与军事新闻相关的事务，包括哈里发或其副手与异教国家代表之间进行的谈判、和约及辩论的新闻。例如，他（ﷺ）与古莱氏代表在侯代白亚进行的谈判，直至双方就和约条款达成一致。直接辩论的例子是他（ﷺ）与贾兰代表的辩论，并呼吁双方互相诅咒，以验证谁说的是真话。此外，还有依照先知（ﷺ）的命令，萨比特·伊本·盖斯和哈桑与坦米姆代表进行的辩论。

The issues that are connected with the military news are the news of the negotiations, peace treaties and debates that take place between the Khalifah or his deputy and the representatives of the kufr states. As an example to the negotiations is that which took place between him ( PBUH) and the representatives of Quraish in Al-Hudaybiyah till agreement was reached over the clauses of the peace. The example of his direct debates is his (PBUH) debate with the delegate of Jajran and calling them to curse each other in case we did not say the truth. This is also alongside the debate of Thabit ibn Qays and Hassan to the delegate of Tamim based on the order of the Prophet (PBUH). .

所有这些都是公开的，没有任何秘密条款。尽管其他类型的新闻与国家没有直接关联，也不需要哈里发对其作出直接表态，例如每日新闻、政治、文化和科学类节目以及国际事件，但它们确实会涉及生活观的一些细节，以及国家对国际关系的看法。因此，国家对这类新闻的监督与对第一类新闻的监督有所不同。

All of this was open without any secret clause in it. Though other types of news have no direct connection with the State, and they do not need the direct opinion of the Khalifah regarding them, such as the daily news, the political, cultural and scientific programs and the international events, they however interfere with some details of the viewpoint in life, and with the view of the State towards international relations. Therefore, the supervision of the State over these types of news differs from it over the first type of news. .

因此，信息的组织工作必须包含两个主要部门：

Thereupon, the organisation of information must contain two main departments: .

第一：该部门的职责与国家相关的新闻有关，例如军事事务、军工产业和国际关系等。该部门的职责是对此类新闻进行直接监管。因此，此类新闻未经提交给信息机构，不得在国家媒体或特定媒体渠道上播出。

The first: Its task is related to news that has connection with the State, such as the military matters, the military industry and international relations, etc. The task of this department is the direct supervision of such news. So, such news is not broadcasted in the state media or the special sources of media except after their presentation to the information organisation. .

第二类：与其他新闻相关；其对这些新闻的监管并非直接监管。国家的媒体来源以及特殊媒体来源，在发布此类新闻时无需任何许可。

The second: is related to other news; and its supervision of them is not direct. The State's source of media and the special sources of media do not need any permission for presenting such news. .