四、国际关系
8.4 Fourthly: The international relations
据前文所述,行政助理的职责之一,是在哈里发与各国之间充当国际关系方面的中间人。
It has been mentioned before that one of the tasks of the executive assistant is to be an intermediary between the Khalifah and the states concerning the international relations. .
使者(ﷺ)以及哈里发们(al-khulafa’ ar-rashidun)过去通常通过他们的秘书,即行政助理,直接处理这些事务。
The Messenger (PBUH) and the khulafa’ rashidun used to address these relations directly through their secretary, i.e. the executive assistant. .
使者(愿主福安之)亲自传达了关于侯代必亚和约的书信,并缔结了和平协议。另据传述,欧麦尔(愿主喜悦之)的时候,波斯王(Kisra)的使节来到他面前,发现他正在麦地那城的一扇门旁睡觉。
The Messenger (PBUH) is the one that carried the correspondence regarding the Hudaybiyah treaty and concluding the peace agreement. It was also reported from ‘Umar (ra) that when the delegate from Kisra came to him he found him sleeping at one of the gates of al-Madin al-Munawwarah. .
然而,哈里发可以通过其行政助理直接处理国际关系,也可以任命一名负责国际关系的管理者,这与国家中的其他任何机构并无二致。
However, the Khalifah is allowed to address the international relations directly through his executive assistant as well as through appointing a manager in charge of international relations, the same as any other organisation in the State. .
因此,这四个部门可以归并在一个部门之下,称为圣战长官部门,因为它们的主题相互关联。它们也可以彼此分开,正如先知(愿主赐福并施平安)所处理的那样,如前所述。
Therefore, these four departments can be assembled under one department, called the department of the amir of jihad, because their subject is linked together. They can also be separate from one another as dealt by the Messenger (PBUH), as mentioned before. .
这四个部门所涵盖的工作范围极其广泛,尤其是在今天,这一点显而易见,因为其中涉及众多领域。这些领域包括军队事务、内部问题,以及各国所策划的阴谋手段、间谍活动、各类雇佣政客的勾当、各种犯罪行为,以及国际关系中的种种复杂局面。此外,还涉及各个工业领域以及正在使用的先进技术手段。因此,为了防止圣战长官所拥有的强制性权力不断扩大,以免其掌控国家权力的核心,一旦他的敬畏之心(taqwa)减弱,便可能给国家带来危害。鉴于上述所有因素,我们决定将这些部门彼此分离,并使其直接隶属于哈里发,作为独立于国家机构之外的部门,具体安排如下:
The work these four departments cover is vast, particularly as witnessed today where there are numerous fields. These include those of the armies, internal problems, and art of intrigues devised by the states, agents, classes of the mercenary politicians, various crimes, and complications in the international relations. In addition to this, there are various fields of industry and advanced technical means in use. Hence, in order that the mandatory powers of the amir of jihad do not expand, which may lead to him holding the centre of the State’s power that might cause harm to the State if his taqwa declined; Due to all these points we adopt keeping these departments separate from each other, and linked to the Khalifah as departments independent from the State’s organisations, as follows:.
圣战军务大臣(陆军部)
• Amir of jihad- war department (army) .
内部安全部门。
• Department of internal security .
工业部
• Department of industry .
外事部门。
• Foreign department.