伊斯兰的统治体制并非联邦制——在联邦制中，各地区因自治而相互分离，却在总体统治之下联合；伊斯兰的体制是一种统一的体制。在这一体制中，西方的马拉喀什与东方的呼罗珊地位相同；如果开罗是伊斯兰的首都，法尤姆省也与开罗地位相同。所有地区的财政与预算都是统一的。无论属于哪个省（wilayah），国家资金都平等地用于民众的事务。例如，若某一省的税收是其所需的两倍，其支出仍依据该省的需要而定，而非依据其税收；若另一省的税收不足以覆盖其所需，这并不予以考虑，无论该省是否征得足够的税收，都将从国库总预算中拨款以满足其需要。

The shape of the ruling system in Islam is not a federal one, where its regions separate by autonomy, but unite in the general ruling. It is rather a system of unity, where Marrakesh in the West is considered to be the same as Khurasan in the East; and the province of Al-Fayoom would be the same as Cairo if it were the Islamic capital. The finance of all the regions will be the same, as will their budget. Funds are spent equally on the affairs of the subjects, regardless of their wilayah. If for instance, the revenues of a single wilayah were double its needs, the funds spent will be in accordance with the needs of the wilayah but not in accordance with its revenues. If another wilayah’s revenues fell short of its needs, this would not be taken into consideration, and funds will be spent to satisfy the wilayah’s needs from the general budget whether it raised enough revenues or not.

因此，统治制度是单一制而非联邦制。正是这一点使伊斯兰统治制度在其起源和基础上有别于其他已知制度，尽管它的某些方面与其他统治制度的某些方面相似。此外，伊斯兰制度在统治上是集中的：最高权威处于中心，权力和权威覆盖国家的每一个部分，无论大小。不允许其中任何部分独立，从而防止国家分裂。最高权威机构任命军队指挥官、瓦利（Wulah）、统治者以及财政和经济官员。他任命各地区的法官，以及所有负有统治职责的人。他负责全境的治理事务。

Therefore the ruling system is unitary and not a federation. That is why the Islamic ruling system is distinguished from other known systems, in its origin and basis, even if some of its aspects were similar to some of the aspects of other ruling systems. Furthermore, the Islamic system is centralised in its ruling, where the high authority is at the centre, and where the authority and power engulfs every single part of the state, no matter how small or large it is. Independence of any part of it is not allowed thus preventing disintegration. The high authority is the body that appoints the army commanders, the Wulah, rulers and finance and economy officials. He appoints judges in all the regions and everyone whose duties is to rule. He is the one who deals with ruling throughout the land.

总而言之,伊斯兰的统治制度是哈里发制。关于哈里发与国家统一的公议(Ijmaa')已经确立,即不允许向一位以上的哈里发效忠宣誓(Bay'ah)。每一位伊玛目、法学家(Faqih)和穆贾台黑德(Mujtahid,学者)都对此表示同意。如果在一位哈里发在任期间,或一位哈里发已经接受效忠宣誓之后,又有另一位哈里发接受效忠宣誓,那么应当与此第二位作战,直到他自己向第一位哈里发效忠宣誓,或被杀死为止,因为依法已经确定效忠宣誓归属于先接受宣誓的那一位。

In summary the ruling system in Islam is a Khilafah system. The general ijmaa’ about the unity of the Khilafah and the state has been established, that it is not allowed to give the Bay’ah to more than one Khaleefah. Every imam, faqih (Jurist) and mujtahid (Scholar) has agreed on this. If another Khaleefah is given the pledge, while a Khaleefah is in office or a Khaleefah had already been given a pledge, the second one should be fought until he himself gives the pledge of allegiance to the first Khaleefah or he is killed, for the pledge has been confirmed lawfully to the one who was given Bay’ah first.