مُعَاوِنُ التَّنْفِيذِ هو الْوَزِيرُ الَّذِي يُعَيِّنُهُ الْخَلِيفَةُ مُسَاعِدًا لَهُ فِي تَنْفِيذِ أَوَامِرِهِ وَمُتَابَعَتِهَا وَإِنْجَازِهَا. وَهُوَ الْوَسِيطُ بَيْنَ الْخَلِيفَةِ وَمُخْتَلِفِ دَوَائِرِ الدَّوْلَةِ وَالرَّعِيَّةِ، وَمِنَ الْجِهَةِ الْأُخْرَى بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ دَائِرَةِ الشُّؤُونِ الْخَارِجِيَّةِ. فَهُوَ يُبَلِّغُ الرَّسَائِلَ مِنَ الْخَلِيفَةِ مِنْ جِهَةٍ، وَيُبَلِّغُهَا إِلَيْهِ مِنْ جِهَةٍ أُخْرَى. وَعَلَيْهِ، فَهُوَ مُسَاعِدٌ فِي تَنْفِيذِ الْأَوَامِرِ لَا حَاكِمٌ عَلَى النَّاسِ، وَلَا مُفَوَّضٌ بِهِمْ. فَعَمَلُهُ إِدَارِيٌّ لَا حُكْمِيٌّ، وَدَائِرَتُهُ أَدَاةٌ تُسْتَخْدَمُ لِتَنْفِيذِ مَا يُصْدِرُهُ الْخَلِيفَةُ إِلَى الدَّوَائِرِ الدَّاخِلِيَّةِ وَالْخَارِجِيَّةِ، وَلِعَرْضِ كُلِّ مَا يَرِدُ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ هَذِهِ الدَّوَائِرِ عَلَيْهِ. وَتَعْمَلُ دَائِرَتُهُ وَسِيطًا بَيْنَ الْخَلِيفَةِ وَغَيْرِهِ، فَتُبَلِّغُهُمْ عَنْهُ، وَتُبَلِّغُهُ عَنْهُمْ.

Mu’awin-un-Tanfeedh is the Wazir whom the Khaleefah appoints to be his assistant in the execution and follow up and performance of his orders. He is the intermediary between the Khaleefah and the state’s various departments, the subjects and the foreign office on the other side. He conveys messages, on the one hand, from the Khaleefah and on the other hand to him. As a result, He is an assistant in executing orders and not a ruler over people, nor is He entrusted with them. His work is therefore administrative and not ruling, and his department is a tool used to execute what the Khaleefah issues to the domestic and foreign offices, and to submit to Him all that comes to Him from these offices. His department acts as an intermediary between the Khaleefah and others, where it conveys to them on his behalf and conveys to Him from them.

哈里发是统治者，其职责包括统治、执行（律法）以及管理民众事务。统治、执行和监护都需要行政工作。因此，必须设立一个专门部门，与哈里发密切合作，处理协助他履行哈里发职责的事务。于是，哈里发需要任命一名执行助理来管理行政事务，而非统治事务。他不履行任何统治职责，这与受委任的助理不同。例如，他无权任命瓦里（Wali）或阿米勒（‘Aamil），也不管理民众事务。他的职责仅是行政性的，即执行哈里发或受委任助理发布的统治命令和行政任务。正因如此，他被称为执行助理。法学家过去称其为“瓦濟尔·坦非兹”（Wazir Tanfeedh），意思就是“穆阿温·乌特-坦非兹”（Mu'awin ut-Tanfeedh），因为“瓦濟尔”一词在语言上用来指“助手”。他们说，这位瓦濟尔是哈里发、臣民与瓦拉（Wulah）之间的中介，传达哈里发发布的命令，并执行他的命令和规定。因此，他要通知所有相关方关于瓦拉的任命，以及驻守边境的特遣部队和军队的筹备情况。他还要将来自这些机构的事务呈报哈里发，并告知他出现的所有新情况，以便执行哈里发可能下达的指示。这使他成为执行命令的助手，而不是统治者，也不被授予统治权。执行助理与受委任的助理一样直接隶属于哈里发。由于他属于哈里发的近臣，并与统治事务相关联，尽管他的工作仅是行政性的，执行助理不能由女性担任，因为女性不得参与统治以及与统治相关的任何事务。 这是因为安拉的使者（愿主福安之）的圣训：

The Khaleefah is a ruler, whose duties include ruling, execution, and looking after people’s affairs. Carrying out of ruling, execution and guardianship require administrative actions. This necessitates the setting up of a special department that works closely with the Khaleefah to manage tasks that help Him carry out the Khilafah’s duties. Thus, an executive assistant is required to be appointed by the Khaleefah to run administrative affairs not the affairs of ruling. He does not perform any ruling duties like the delegated assistant. He is not allowed, for example, to appoint a Wali or an ‘Aamil, nor He manages people’s affairs. His duties are merely administrative, i.e. to execute the ruling orders and the administrative tasks issued by the Khaleefah or the delegated assistant. This is why He is known as the executive assistant. Jurists used to call Him ‘Wazir Tanfeedh’ which simply means Mu’awin ut-Tanfeedh, on the basis that the word Wazir is linguistically used to mean ‘the assistant.’ They said that this Wazir is an intermediary between the Khaleefah, the subjects and the Wulah, conveying the orders issued by him, and executing his orders and rules. He therefore informs all parties concerned about the appointment of Wulah, and about the preparation of task forces and armies stationed at the frontiers. He also submits to the Khaleefah whatever comes from such offices and informs Him of all new matters that may arise so that He can implement whatever the Khaleefah may order Him to. This makes Him an assistant in executing commands, and not a ruler over them neither is He entrusted with them. The executive assistant is linked directly to the Khaleefah just like the delegated assistant. Since He is part of the Khaleefah’s entourage and connected to ruling, although his job is only administrative, the executive assistant cannot be a woman, for women are not allowed to partake in ruling and anything linked to ruling. This is because of the Hadith of Allah’s Messenger (pbuh):

"当人们把自己的事务托付给一个女人时，他们永远不会成功。"[布哈里根据艾布·伯克勒的传述记载]行政助理也不能是不信道者，必须是穆斯林，因为他属于哈利法的随从的一部分。这是因为安拉（SWT）说：

“People who appoint a woman to run their affairs will never succeed.” [Narrated by Bukhari on the authority of Abi Bakrah] The executive assistant also cannot be a disbeliever; and must be a Muslim, for He is part of the Khaleefah’s entourage. This is because Allah (swt) says:

“信道的人们啊！你们不要把不是你们同类的人作为亲密的朋友，他们对你们的伤害从不懈怠，他们喜欢你们遭受苦难。他们的口中已显露出仇恨，而他们内心隐藏的更为严重。” [TMQ Al- Imran: 118]

“O ye who believe! Do not take for entourage or court other than your own folk, who would spare no pains to ruin you; they love to hamper you. Hatred is revealed by (the utterance of) their mouths, but that which their breasts hide is greater.” [TMQ Al- Imran: 118]

禁止将非穆斯林纳入哈里发随从的经文，其意义十分明确。因此，行政助理不能是卡菲尔，而必须是穆斯林，因为他与哈里发直接相连，并非与哈里发分离，delegated assistant（授权助理）也是如此。行政助理的人数可以不止一位，视统治的需要而定。

The prohibition of taking a non-Muslim as part of the Khaleefah’s entourage is very clear in the verse. Therefore the executive assistant cannot be a Kafir but must be Muslim for He is directly connected to the Khaleefah and not separate from him, just like the delegated assistant. The executive assistants can also number more than one according to the needs of the ruling.

关于 Mu’awinut-Tanfeedh 在哈里发与其他人之间充当中介的领域，共有四个。

As for the areas in which the Mu’awinut-Tanfeedh acts as an intermediary between the Khaleefah and others, these are four:

1) 国家各部门 2) 武装部队 3) 乌玛 4) 国际事务 这些是行政助理所履行的职责类型。由于他是哈里发与其他人之间的中介，他可被视为哈里发的联络部门。以此身份行事时，他跟进国家各部门的工作所需事项。

1) The state’s departments 2) The armed forces 3) The Ummah 4) International affairs These are the types of duties that the executive assistant carries out. Since He is an intermediary between the Khaleefah and others, He would be considered as a liaison department for the Khaleefah. By acting as such, He follows up what is required of the state departments’ actions.

哈里发是真正的统治者。他亲自处理统治、执行和管理民众事务。因此，他与统治机构、国际事务和乌玛保持持续的联系。他颁布法律、作出决定、采取关怀性的行动，并审视统治机构的运作情况、它可能面临的各种障碍以及它所需要的各种条件。他也会了解来自乌玛的任何要求、申诉和事务，并且关注国际动态。因此，基于这些工作的实际情况，穆阿温·丁废（Mu'awinut-Tanfeedh，执行助理）充当与这些事务相关的中介，即向哈里发传达信息，并转达哈里发的命令。由于哈里发发给各个部门的命令以及各部门呈报给他的事项，都需要跟进才能得以落实，执行助理需要进行这种跟进，以确保执行工作圆满完成。他会与哈里发以及国家各部门保持跟进，除非哈里发特别要求，否则不会停止这种跟进。在这种情况下，他必须服从哈里发的命令并停止跟进，因为哈里发是统治者，其命令必须得到执行。

The Khaleefah is the actual ruler. He is the one who deals with ruling, execution and the management of people’s affairs by himself. Therefore, He is in constant contact with the ruling apparatus, international affairs and the Ummah. He enacts the laws, takes decisions, carries out actions of caring and looks at the performance of the ruling apparatus and whatever obstacles it may face and whatever needs it requires. He is also informed of any demands, complaints and matters that come from the Ummah, and He follows international activities as well. Therefore, based on the reality of these actions, the Mu’awinut-Tanfeedh acts as an intermediary relating to these matters, i.e. He conveys messages to the Khaleefah and conveys orders from him. Since what is issued by the Khaleefah to the different departments and what comes to Him from them needs following up in order to be implemented, the executive assistant needs to carry out this follow up in order that the execution is satisfactorily completed. He would carry out a follow up with the Khaleefah and with the state departments and would not stop from carrying out this follow up, unless the Khaleefah specifically demanded so. In this case He has to obey his orders and stop the follow up, because the Khaleefah is the ruler and his order has to be implemented.

关于与军队和国际关系相关的事务，这些通常是保密的，并且专属于哈里发。因此，行政助理不跟进这些事务的执行，也不催办其落实，除非哈里发要求他这样做；在这种情况下，他只跟进哈里发所要求的事项，而不跟进其他任何事项。

As regarding the matters related to the army and the international relations, these are generally confidential and they are specific to the Khaleefah. Therefore, the executive assistant does not follow up the execution of these matters nor pursue their execution, unless the Khaleefah requests Him to do so; in which case He will follow up only the matters which the Khaleefah demanded and not any others.

关于乌玛（Ummah）：在照管její事务、满足其诉求、消除其中的不公之事方面，这些事务由哈里发处理，由其委任的副手负责。它们并不属于执行助手（Mu'awin at-Tanfidh）的职权范围，因此他不跟进这些事务，除非哈里发要求他这样做。他在这些事务上的作用仅仅是执行，而非跟进。这一切取决于哈里发所采取行动的性质，相应地也取决于执行助手行动的性质。

With regards to the Ummah; in matters of looking after her affairs, fulfilling her demands and removing unjust actions from her, these matters are for the Khaleefah to deal with the one who is appointed as a deputy to him. They are not a mandate for the executive assistant, so He does not follow up them except those that He Khaleefah may ask Him to do so. His action in their regard is simply execution and not following up. All this depends on the nature of the actions that the Khaleefah carries out and accordingly the nature of the Mu’awinut-Tanfeedh actions.