7.4 受托助手的职责
7.4 The task of the Delegated Assistant
委任的助理(辅佐官)的职责是,将其打算执行的一切工作呈报给哈里发。随后,他向哈里发汇报自己在裁决方面已经执行了什么,以及在管理和任命方面已经履行了什么,以免这位助理在权力上与哈里发等同。因此,他的职责是先呈交自己的审议意见,然后予以执行,除非哈里发阻止他这样做。
The task of the delegated assistant is to submit to the Khaleefah all the work He intends to perform. He then reports to the Khaleefah what He has executed in terms of decisions and what He has discharged in terms of management and appointment, so that the assistant would not become like the Khaleefah in his powers. Therefore, his job is to submit his review and then execute it, unless the Khaleefah stops Him from doing so.
依据是Mu'awin作为哈里发的副手,其实际身份确凿无疑。副手代表委任他的人行事。因此,他并不会独立于哈里发之外,而是要与哈里发就每一项行动进行商议,正如欧麦尔担任艾布·伯克尔的瓦齐尔时所做的那样:他会先与艾布·伯克尔商议自己打算执行的事务,然后再依此执行。与哈里发商议,并不必然意味着他需要就每一个细节都请求许可,因为这与Mu'awin的实际身份相矛盾。相反,与哈里发商议是指与他讨论事务,例如任命一位有能力的瓦利(省长)管理某个省份,或解决民众关于市场粮食短缺的投诉,或处理其他国家事务。他也可以将某件事务提交给哈里发,以陈述的形式呈上,这足以使Mu'awin在今后依照其全部细节执行该事务,而无需再次请求许可。然而,如果哈里发下令停止执行某件事务,则不应执行。因此,陈述只是提出一项建议并就此与哈里发协商,并不意味着请求许可去执行任务。只要哈里发没有阻止,Mu'awin便可以执行相关任务。
Evidence for this is the reality of the Mu’awin as a deputy of the Khaleefah. A deputy acts on behalf of the person who appointed Him as his deputy. Thus He does not become independent from the Khaleefah, but rather reviews with Him every action exactly as ‘Umar used to do when He was Wazir to Abu Bakr, where He used to review with Abu Bakr what He intended to perform, then executed it accordingly. Reviewing with the Khaleefah does not necessarily mean that He needs to ask for his permission in every single detail, for this contradicts the reality of the Mu’awin. Rather, reviewing with the Khaleefah means to discuss the matter with him, like for example to appoint a capable Wali to one of the provinces, or remove the complaints of people in terms of food shortages in the market, or any other state affairs. He may also submit a matter to him, in the form of a presentation, which would be sufficient for the Mu’awin in the future to carry out the matter with all its details, without the need for permission to act. However, if the Khaleefah issues orders to stop the carrying out of any issue, then it should not be executed. Hence, the presentation is simply putting forward of a proposal and the consultation with the Khaleefah about it, and it does not mean seeking permission to carry out the task. The Mu’awin can execute the task in question as long as the Khaleefah does not stop Him from doing so.