9.4 军事与伊斯兰中的军队培养
9.4 Culturing the army in military and Islam
军队必须具备最高水平的军事教育。军队中的知识水平必须尽可能地提高。除此之外,军队中的每一个人都必须获得伊斯兰文化,使其能够对伊斯兰有所认识,即使只是概括性的了解。
The highest level of military education has to be available to the army. The intellectual level in the army has to be raised as much as possible. In addition to that every individual in the army has to attain Islamic culture that enables Him to be aware about Islam even if in a general form.
然而,军事教育对每支军队都变得十分必要,军队若没有它便无法进行战争,也无法在未受过训练的情况下投入战斗。因此,依据“不完成义务所必需的事物,本身也是义务”这一原则,军事教育成为瓦吉布(Wajib)。至于伊斯兰文化方面,学习履行伊斯兰功课所必需的知识,是每个穆斯林的义务,而进一步深造伊斯兰知识则是法尔德·基法耶(Fard Kifaya)。这是依据布哈里和穆斯林所记录的,穆阿维叶所述:他说:“我听先知ﷺ说:‘真主想要让谁获得福祉,就使他通晓宗教知识……’”这适用于为传播达瓦而征服各国的军队,也如同适用于每个穆斯林,不过对军队而言更为重要。至于提升其知识水平,这是一种理解宗教和生活事务所必需的觉悟。或许先知ﷺ的这句话……
However, military education becomes very necessary for every army and it is not possible for an army to carry out the war without it, nor can it engage in a battle unless it has been educated. Therefore, it becomes Wajib according to the principle: ‘That without which a duty can not be performed is itself a duty.’ As regards the Islamic culture, learning of what is necessary to perform the functions of Islam is a duty for every Muslim, while attaining further Islamic knowledge is Fard Kifaya. This is due to what Al-Bukhari and Muslim narrated on the authority of Muawiyah when He said; “I heard the Prophet (pbuh) say; ‘The one for whom Allah wants good, He gives Him knowledge in the Deen...’” This applies to the army that conquers countries to convey the Da’wah, as it does for every Muslim, though for the army it is of more importance. Regarding raising its intellectual level, this is a kind of awareness which is necessary to understand the Deen and life’s affairs. Perhaps the saying of the Prophet (pbuh)