9.5 伊斯兰国始终处于持续的圣战状态
9.5 The Islamic State is in a continuous state of Jihad
伊斯兰国处于持续的圣战状态。伊斯兰乌玛明白,她与其他民族和国家之间随时可能爆发战争。因此,její战争设施,无论是工业设施还是军事设施,都必须高于其他国家的设施水平。其工业和军事能力应持续得到提升。此外,它应当拥有不断增长的财政状况,并保持持续的戒备状态。
The Islamic State is in a continous state of Jihad. The Islamic Ummah understands that war between her and other peoples and nations is possible at any time. Therefore, her war installations, whether industrial or the military must be at a level higher than the instillations of the other nations. The changes in its industrial and military capabilities should be realised continuously. Beside that, it should be in progressing financial position and in a constant state of readiness.
伊斯兰国是建立在伊斯兰“aqeedah”(信仰)之上、并实施伊斯兰律法的国家。伊斯兰律法规定,伊斯兰国在内部实施伊斯兰之后,其根本职责是将伊斯兰的讯息传播到全世界。它对全世界负有责任,传达讯息并将其传遍世界,是它的义务。这是因为伊斯兰的讯息是普世的,是向全人类发出的。安拉(SWT)说:“我派遣你,只是向全人类报喜和警告。”[TMQ Saba: 28] 祂(SWT)还说:
The Islamic State is the State that is based on the Islamic ‘aqeedah and implements the rules of Islam. The rules of Islam oblige the Islamic State to carry the Islamic Message to the whole world as her fundamental duty after implementing Islam internally. It has responsibility over the whole world, and it is its responsibility to carry the message and to convey it all over the world. This is because the Message of Islam is universal, and it is addressed to all humankind. Allah (swt) says; “And We have not sent you but as a carrier to good tidings and a warner to all mankind.” [TMQ Saba: 28] And He (swt) also says:
“我们派遣你,只是作为全世界的慈悯。” [TMQ Al-Anbiya: 107]
“We have not sent you but as a mercy for all creatures.” [TMQ Al-Anbiya: 107]
而且安拉(SWT)也说:
And Allah (swt) also says:
“说:‘世人啊!我是安拉派来给你们所有人的使者。’” [TMQ Al-A’raf: 158]
“Say: O men I am sent to you all as the Messenger of Allah.” [TMQ Al-A’raf: 158]
众所周知,真主的使者ﷺ说:"每位先知都是被派遣给自己的民族的,而我被派遣给全人类。"这段圣训由布哈里和穆斯林根据哲bir·本·阿卜杜拉的传述而记载。因此,伊斯兰国必须传播讯息,并将其传达给全人类。伊斯兰把圣战作为传播讯息的方式,并把不信作为与不信者和以物配主者作战的理由。真主(SWT)说:"你们要与那些不信真主和末日、不以真主和使者所禁止的为禁物、也不信奉真道的有经典的人作战,直到他们亲自纳人头税,并且屈服。" [TMQ At-Tauba: 29]
The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: “Every Messenger was sent to his own people, and I have been sent to all mankind”, Al-Bukhari and Muslim narrate this on the authority of Jabir bin ‘Abdullah. Therefore the Islamic State must carry the Message and convey it to all mankind. Islam has made Jihad the method of carrying the Message, and made disbelief as being the reason for which the disbelievers and the Mushriks are fought. Allah (swt) says; “Fight those who believe not in Allah and the Last Day, nor hold that forbidden which has been forbidden by Allah and His Messenger, nor acknowledge the Deen of truth, from among the people of the Book, until they pay the jizyah with willing submission, and feel themselves subdued.” [TMQ At-Tauba: 29]
而且祂(SWT)也说:
And He (swt) also says:
“先知啊!你要对不信道者和伪信者奋力奋斗,并对他们严厉。”ﷺ [TMQ At-Tauba: 73]
“O Prophet! Strive hard against the disbelievers and the hypocrites and be firm against them.” [TMQ At-Tauba: 73]
他(SWT)还说:“所以你们要与撒旦的盟友作战。” [TMQ An-Nisa: 76]
He (swt) also says; “So fight against the friends of Satan.” [TMQ An-Nisa: 76]
他(swt)说:“信道的人们啊!你们应当与你们附近的不信道者作战。” [TMQ At-Tauba: 123]
He (swt) says; “O you who believe! Fight the unbelievers who are near to you.” [TMQ At-Tauba: 123]
他(swt)说:“你们要与以物配主者作战。” [TMQ At-Tauba: 36]
And He (swt) says; “And fight the Mushrikeen.” [TMQ At-Tauba: 36]
伊斯兰教以《古兰经》和圣训的经文规定圣战为义务。安拉(求安拉赦宥)说:“你们已被规定作战。”[《古兰经》2:216] 他(求安拉赦宥)又说:“你们应当轻装或重装出征,并以你们的财产和生命进行奋斗。” [TMQ At-Tauba: 41]
Islam has decreed Jihad as being compulsory by the texts of the Holy Qur’an and the Ahadith. Allah (swt) says; “Fighting has been prescribed upon you.” [TMQ Al-Baqarah: 216] He (swt) also says; “Go you forth, (whether equipped) lightly or heavily, and strive and struggle, with your goods and your persons.” [TMQ At-Tauba: 41]
他(SWT)还说:“信道的人啊!你们要与你们附近的不信道者作战。” [TMQ At- Tauba: 123]
He (swt) also says; “O you who believe! Fight the disbelievers who are near to you.” [TMQ At- Tauba: 123]
他(SWT)还说:“你们若不出征,祂就会以严厉的刑罚惩罚你们。” [TMQ At- Tauba: 39]
He (swt) also says; “Unless you go forth, He will punish you with a grievous penalty.” [TMQ At- Tauba: 39]
安拉的使者ﷺ说:“你们要用财产、双手和舌头对多神教徒进行圣战。”——安斯传述 [Narrated by Abu Dawood]
Anas reported that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said; “Perform Jihad against the Mushrikeen with your wealth, hands and tongues.” [Narrated by Abu Dawood]
因此,伊斯兰国将始终处于持续的圣战状态,因为它在地上的职责是不断向全世界传达使命;这就需要圣战,直到伊斯兰教征服全世界。布哈里和穆斯林根据阿卜杜拉·本·欧麦尔的传述记载,安拉的使者ﷺ说:“我奉命与人们作战,直到他们宣称‘除安拉外别无主宰,穆罕默德是安拉的使者’,并使拜功,缴纳天课。如果他们这样做,他们便保护了自己的血和财产,除非依伊斯兰的权利。而他们的账目在安拉那里。”艾布·达伍德根据安纳斯·本·马立克的传述记载,他说:安拉的使者ﷺ说:“‘圣战从安拉派遣我的那一刻起就持续不断,直到我的乌玛的最后一人与达哲贾勒作战;’他ﷺ又说‘压迫者的压迫,也不能废止它,公正(的统治者)的公正也不能废止它。’”经文中也有安拉的话:
Therefore, the Islamic State will always remain in a state of constant Jihad, for its duty, on earth, is to constantly carry the Message to the world; this necessitates Jihad until Islam prevails over the whole world. Al- Bukhari and Muslim narrated on the authority of ‘Abdullah bin ‘Umar that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said; “I have been ordered to fight people until they utter ‘there is no God but Allah, and Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah’, establish the prayer and offer the Zakat. If they do so they would protect from me their blood and wealth, except for the right of Islam. And their account is with Allah.” Abu Dawood narrated on the authority of Anas bin Malik He said; The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said; “‘And the Jihad is continuous from the moment Allah has sent me till the last person of my Ummah fights against the Dajjal;’ and He (pbuh) said ‘neither the oppression of the oppressor, nor the justice of the just (ruler) will abolish it.’” It also came in the saying of Allah (swt)
“并与他们作战,直到不再有斗乱(Fitna)。” [TMQ Al-Baqarah: 193]
“And fight against them until there remains no Fitna.” [TMQ Al-Baqarah: 193]
他(SWT)也说:“你们要全体对抗以多神教徒,正如他们全体对抗你们一样。” [TMQ At-Tauba: 36]
He (swt) also said; “And fight the Pagans altogether as they fight you altogether.” [TMQ At-Tauba: 36]
真主的使者ﷺ在建立麦地那国家之后,一生都处于不断的圣战之中。即使在他ﷺ患病、临近逝世之时,他仍催促众门徒不要延误他在患病之前就已准备和装备好的、去攻打罗马人的乌萨马军队。然而必须说明的是,圣战与战斗,要在异教徒得知伊斯兰的讯息之后才会发生,并且要在他们被邀请皈依伊斯兰之后才会进行。如果他们拒绝,就要求他们服从伊斯兰国家的权威,并向国家缴纳人头税(吉兹亚)。如果他们拒绝皈依伊斯兰、拒绝缴纳人头税、拒绝服从伊斯兰国家的权威,那么就要与他们作战。 在赛莱曼·本·布赖darah的圣训中,传述者引用其父的话说:“每当真主的使者ﷺ任命一位艾米尔率领军队或远征队时,他ﷺ都会命令他敬畏真主,善待随行的人;然后他ﷺ会说:‘奉真主之名出征!与不信真主者作战!出征时不要虐待,不要背信,不要残害肢体,不要杀害任何新生儿。如果你们遇到敌人,即多神教徒,就请他们遵从三种品质或选择,他们接受其中哪一种,你们就接受它,不要与他们作战。请他们皈依伊斯兰,如果他们接受了,你们就接受这一点,并停止与他们作战……’”他ﷺ接着说:“如果他们拒绝,就请他们缴纳吉兹亚,如果他们接受了,你们就向他们收取,并停止与他们作战;如果他们拒绝,就求助真主并与他们作战。”[穆斯林辑录] 因此,邀请皈依伊斯兰应当先于战斗,要求服从伊斯兰国家并缴纳吉兹亚的邀请也应当先于战斗,所以战斗是第三个也是最后的选择。
The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) spent his life, once He had established the State in Madinah, in a constant state of Jihad. Even when He (pbuh) was ill and nearing his death He urged his companions not to delay the army of Usama which He had prepared and equipped before He fell ill to raid the Romans. It must be made clear, however, that Jihad and fighting would not take place until the disbelievers are informed about the Islamic Message, and until they are invited to embrace Islam. If they refused, they would be asked to submit to the authority of the Islamic State and to pay the jizyah to the State. If they refused to embrace Islam and refused to pay the jizyah and refused to submit to the authority of the Islamic State, then they would be fought. It was reported in the Hadith of Sulayman ibn Burayda on the authority of his father who said; “Whenever the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) appointed an Ameer to head an army or an expedition, He would command Him to fear Allah and be good to those who are with him; then He (pbuh) would say; ‘Raid in the Name of Allah! Fight whoever disbelieved in Allah! Raid but do not abuse, do not betray, do not maim or mutilate and do not kill any newborn. If you encounter your enemies, the mushriks, call them to observe three qualities or dispositions, and whichever of these they accept then accept it from them, and do not fight them. Call them to Islam, and if they accepted it, do accept this from them and refrain from fighting them...’ He (pbuh) went on; ‘If they refused, ask them to pay the jizyah, and if they accepted this, then take it from them and refrain from fighting them, and if they refused, seek the help of Allah and fight them.’” [Narrated by Muslim] Therefore, the call to Islam should precede the fight, and the call to the submitting to the Islamic State and the paying of the jizyah should also precede the fight, thus the fight would come as the third and final option.
因此,伊斯兰国应当始终处于持续的圣战状态。伊斯兰乌玛深知,安拉(swt)将传达讯息于世界的使命托付给了她,也托付给了她为反对不信者的不信而战斗的责任,并且要持续这场战斗,直到他们宣称除安拉之外别无真主、穆罕默德ﷺ是安拉的使者,或者他们顺服地缴纳人头税(jizyah)。乌玛也深知,不信与不信者是伊斯兰和伊斯兰乌玛的敌人,他们怀有对伊斯兰和伊斯兰乌玛的仇恨与敌意,一旦有机会,他们就会与穆斯林作战。这将使乌玛意识到,她与不信教国家之间随时都可能爆发战争。
Therefore, the Islamic State should be in a constant state of Jihad. The Islamic Ummah realises only too well that Allah (swt) has entrusted her with conveying the Message to the world, and with fighting against the disbelievers for their disbelief, and for continuing that fight until they declare that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad (pbuh) is the Messenger of Allah, or until they pay the jizyah with submission. The Ummah also realises that disbelief and the disbelievers are enemies of Islam and of the Islamic Ummah, and that they carry hatred and animosity towards Islam and the Islamic Ummah, and that they would fight the Muslims if given the opportunity. This would make the Ummah realise that war between her and the disbelieving nations is possible at any moment.
因为传播伊斯兰的使命,以及异教徒对伊斯兰和伊斯兰乌玛的敌意,使战争的爆发不可避免。伊斯兰国家将处于持续的圣战状态,伊斯兰乌玛明白,它与其他民族和国家之间随时都可能发生战争。因此,国家和乌玛必须时刻保持警觉,并以战争状态作为其生活方式。这正是先知穆罕默德ﷺ、他的同伴以及随后的哈里发们所做的。由此必然要求,国家的一切设施和工业,无论是军事的还是其他的,都应始终优于其他国家和超级大国。学院的数量应当增加,以培养成千上万的工程师、发明家、技术人员和实业家。进步与发展必须持续不断,使其特遣力量变得强大无比,以震慑安拉的敌人以及已知和潜在的敌人,正如安拉(SWT)所命令的:
This is because the carrying of the Da’wah, and the enmity of the kuffar to Islam and the Islamic Ummah makes the outbreak of war inevitable. This is because the Islamic state would be in a state of continuous Jihad, and the Islamic Ummah understands the war between her and other peoples and nations is possible at any moment. Thus, the State and the Ummah must be on alert at all times, and make the state of war their way of life. This is what the Messenger of Allah (pbuh), his companions and the Khulafaa’ who came after Him did. This makes it necessary that all of the State’s installations and industries, be they military or otherwise, should at all times be in a better state than those of other nations and superpowers. The number of academic colleges should multiply in order to educate thousands of engineers, inventors, technicians and industrialists. Advancement and progress must be constant, so that the preparation of its task force becomes formidable, to intimidate the enemy of Allah and its known and potential enemies, as commanded by Allah (swt):
{"你们要尽力为他们准备力量,准备战马,以震慑安拉的敌人和你们的敌人,以及你们所不知道、而安拉知道的其他人。"} [TMQ Al-Anfal: 60]
“Make ready, against them, your strength to the utmost of your power, including steeds of war, to strike terror into (the hearts of) the enemies of Allah and your enemies, and others besides, whom you may not know, but whom Allah does know.” [TMQ Al-Anfal: 60]
这要求乌玛(穆斯林共同体)过上战时经济的生活,并不断改善其财政状况,以便为战争努力提供资金;而这种战争努力需要最新的军事技术,服务于一个以成为世界领先国家为目标的国家。
This requires from the Ummah to live with an economy of war, and to have an ever improving financial situation in order to provide the funds for the war effort which requires the latest technology in warfare for a State that aims at being the leading State in the world.