1.1 解经学派
1.1 Schools Of Tafseer
在这一时期形成的最著名的释经中心,是麦加、麦地那和伊拉克。在麦加,伊本·阿拔斯的释经学派最为突出。阿卜杜拉·伊本·阿拔斯被认为是圣门弟子中最伟大的释经学者。他曾传述,有一次先知ﷺ拥抱了他,并为他作了如下祈祷:
The most notable centers of tafseer which evolved during this period were those of Makkah, Madeenah, and ‘Iraaq. In Makkah, the tafseer school of Ibn ‘Abbaas became the most prominent. ‘Abdullaah ibn ‘Abbaas was considered to be the greatest tafseer scholar among the sahaabah. He reported that once the Prophet ( ﷺ) hugged him and prayed for him as follows,
“主啊,求你赐予他对宗教的深刻理解,并使他精通经文的诠释。”29
“O Allaah, give him a deep understanding of the religion and make him skilled in interpretation.” 29
‘Abdullaah ibn Mas‘ood,作为圣门弟子中的伟大学者,据传被赐予“古兰经的翻译者”(Tarjumaan al-Qur’aan)这一称号。Ibn ‘Abbaas最著名的学生有:Mujaahid ibn Jabr、‘Ikrimah(Ibn ‘Abbaas的获释奴隶)、Sa‘eed ibn Jubayr、Taawoos ibn Keesaan al-Yamaanee,以及‘Ataa ibn Abee Rabaah。31
‘Abdullaah ibn Mas‘ood, the great scholar among the sahaabah, was reported to have conferred on him the title, “Tarjumaan al-Qur’aan,” 30 “Translator of the Qur’aan.” The most famous students of Ibn ‘Abbaas were Mujaahid ibn Jabr, ‘Ikrimah (the freed slave of Ibn ‘Abbaas), Sa‘eed ibn Jubayr, Taawoos ibn Keesaan al-Yamaanee, and ‘Ataa ibn Abee Rabaah.31