渴望被合乎逻辑的论据说服，是人类天性的一部分。

The desire to be convinced by logical arguments is a part of human nature.

一般而言，人类喜欢争论和辩驳，即使是对于那些他们有限的知识无法证实对错的事情也是如此。安拉在《古兰经》中提到了人的这一天性，祂说：

Human beings, generally speaking, like to argue and debate even about things which their limited knowledge cannot verify to be correct or incorrect. Allaah alluded to this nature in the Qur’aan, saying,

因此,真主命令先知ﷺ与多神教徒进行辩论,但只能以温和的方式进行,以期触动他们的心。

Consequently, Allaah ordered the Prophet (r) to enter into debates with the pagans, but only in a gentle way which might move their hearts:

他还允许穆斯林与基督徒和犹太人进行辩论，以便使真理显现出来：

He also allowed Muslims to have discussions with the Christians and Jews in order to bring the truth to light:

由于《古兰经》是对人说的，因此在阐述各类主题时考虑人性的这一面是很自然的。所以，在整部《古兰经》中可以找到大量的辩论（jadal）实例。然而，《古兰经》中提出的论证非常简单、易于理解，因为它们总是以某种方式依托于可观察的事实来证明不可观察的事物。

Since the Qur’aan addresses man, it is only natural that this aspect of human nature be taken into account when topics are presented. Hence, numerous examples of debate (jadal) can be found throughout the Qur’aan. However, the arguments raised in the Qur’aan are very simple and easily understood, as they always rely in one way or another on observable facts to prove the unobservable.

以下是《古兰经》中所见的几种论证方式：

The following are a few types of arguments found in the Qur’aan:

否则就会陷入混乱,除非他们全都同意,或者服从其中某一位的决定。而同意或服从,都意味着无能与软弱,这是任何真正的创造者都不应具有的。事实上,这类关于软弱的描述,会把宇宙的创造者降格为一个争吵不休的人类家庭,正如希腊人、罗马人、印度教徒、埃及人等所想象的他们的众神那样。

be chaos unless they all agreed or they submitted to the decision of one of them. Agreement or submission both imply an inability and weakness which no true creator should possess. In fact, such descriptions of weakness reduce the Creator of the universe to the status of a squabbling family of human beings in the way that the Greeks, Romans, Hindus, and Egyptians, etc., imagined their gods to be

如果一个人反思人类是如何被奇妙地创造、并从如此卑微的起源塑造而成的，那么对于人类的再创造和复活，就不应当存在任何理解上的困难。因为事物的再造总是比其最初的创造更容易，正如安拉明确说过的那样

If one reflects on how humans are wondrously created and molded from such lowly origins, there should be no difficulty in conceiving the re-creation and resurrection of humanity. For the re-creation of a thing is always easier than its initial creation, as Allaah explicitly stated