5.3 间接启示
5.3 Indirect Revelation
绝大部分的安拉启示，是通过启示天使吉卜勒伊来传达给众先知的。最后的启示经典《古兰经》，大体上也是以这种方式降下的。这种形式的启示以两种方式传达给先知（ﷺ）：一种是如同钟磬之声般嗡嗡作响的声音，另一种是天使的直接言语。
The vast majority of Allaah’s revelation was conveyed to the prophets by way of the angel of revelation, Jibreel. The final book of revelation, the Qur’aan, was revealed in this way for the most part. This form of revelation reached the Prophet (ﷺ) in two ways: either in the form of the reverbrating sound like the gong of a bell, or in the form of the direct speech of the angel.
在第一种情况中，天使保持着灵性的状态，而先知ﷺ
In the first case, the angel remained in a spiritual state and the Prophet (r)
……要使自己在精神上提升到适合接受启示的状态。这种方式对先知（ﷺ）来说极为艰辛。在此过程中，天使的声音如同巨大铃铛的响声。圣门弟子哈里斯·本·希沙姆曾请求先知（ﷺ）描述启示是如何降临到他身上的。先知（ﷺ）回答道：
was required to raise spiritually to a suitable state in which to receive the revelation. This method was extremely taxing on the Prophet (ﷺ). During it the voice of the angel resembled the loud ringing of a giant bell. The sahaabee alHaarith ibn Hishaam once asked the Prophet (ﷺ) to describe how the revelation came to him. The Prophet (ﷺ) replied,
“有时它像铃声一样向我袭来——对我而言，这是最为剧烈的一种——然后铃声停止，我便领会了（天使）所说的话。”20
“Sometimes it comes to me like the ringing of a bell—this is the most severe form for me—then the ringing ceases and I have understood what (the angel) said.” 20
“A’ishah描述了这种形式的强烈程度：“我曾见过在一个极其寒冷的日子里，启示（wahy）降临到他身上；而当启示停止时，他的额头却淌着汗。”21
‘Aa’ishah described the intensity of this form as follows: “I have seen him when revelation (wahy) descended upon him on an extremely cold day, yet when it stopped his forehead would be dripping with sweat.”21
第二种方法对先知（ﷺ）来说，比第一种要容易承受得多。
The second method was much easier for the Prophet (ﷺ) to bear than the first.
在这种情况下，天使会离开灵界，显现给先知（ﷺ）。
In this case, the angel would leave the spiritual world, appear to the Prophet (ﷺ)
以人形出现，并以人类的语言传达启示。先知（ﷺ）向哈里斯·本·希沙姆描述过这种形态，他说：
in human form and pass on the revelation in the medium of human speech. The Prophet (ﷺ) described this form to al-Haarith ibn Hishaam as follows:
“有时天使会以人的形象出现在我面前，与我说话，我领会他所说的一切。”ﷺ 22
“Occasionally the angel appears before me in the form of a man and speaks to me, and I grasp all that he says.” 22
《沙希布·布哈里》，第1卷，第2页，第2条。
20 Sahih Al-Bukhari, vol. 1, p. 2, no. 2.
注释21 同上。
21 Ibid.
22 Ibid.
22 Ibid.