9.2 七种形式的意义
9.2 Significance Of The Seven Forms
《古兰经》以七种不同方言启示,使各个部落更容易诵读和背诵。例如,短语“ ‘alayhim”(在他们之上)有人读作“ ‘alayhumoo”;单词“siraat”(道路、桥梁)有人读作“siraat”,也有人读作“ziraat”;单词“mu’min”(信士)也读作“moomin”。因此,在先知(ﷺ)在世时,更多的信徒能够背诵《古兰经》的大部分内容。 由于大多数阿拉伯人既不会读也不会写,而《古兰经》在先知在世时大部分是靠背诵保存下来的,任何有助于背诵的因素都极为重要。因此可以说,以七种形式启示《古兰经》在《古兰经》的实际保存中发挥了至关重要的作用。还应当指出,先知去世后编纂《古兰经》时,核实先知在世时所书写的《古兰经》是否正确的唯一方法,就是将其与人们所背诵的内容进行比对。因此,能够背诵《古兰经》的人越多,编纂和核实就越准确。由此可见,便于背诵也在《古兰经》的准确编纂中起到了关键作用。
The revelation of the Qur’aan in seven different dialects made its recitation and memorization much easier for the various tribes. For example, the phrase, “ ‘alayhim” (on them), was read by some as “ ‘alayhumoo,” and the word “ siraat” (path, bridge), was read by some as “ siraat” and by others as “ ziraat,” and the word “mu’min” (believer) was also read as “moomin.” As a result, a greater number of the Prophet’s followers were able to memorize large portions of the Qur’aan while the Prophet (ﷺ) was still alive. Since the majority of the Arabs could neither read nor write and most of the Qur’aan was preserved during the Prophet’s lifetime by memorization, any factor which eased its memorization was of great importance. Hence, it could be said that the revelation of the Qur’aan in seven forms played a vital role in the actual preservation of the Qur’aan. It should also be noted that during the compilation of the Qur’aan after the Prophet’s death, the only means of verifying the correctness of what had been written of the Qur’aan during the Prophet’s lifetime was by comparing it with what had been memorized. Hence, the more people who were able to memorize it, the more accurately it could be compiled and verified. Consequently, the ease in memorization also played a key role in the accurate compilation of the Qur’aan.
在《古兰经》的许多经文中,安拉曾向当时的阿拉伯人发出挑战,要求他们创作出与其中最短的一章相似的章节。无法模仿《古兰经》的文体,这一奇迹证明了《古兰经》必定来自安拉。当七大部落的人都无法模仿它,甚至连用他们自己的方言也做不到时,这一奇迹就更加明显了,因为没有人能声称它难以模仿是由于它不是用他们自己的方言写成的。
In many places in the Qur’aan, Allaah challenged the Arabs of that time to produce a chapter similar to even its smallest chapter. The inability to imitate the Qur’aan’s style was a miracle which proved that the Qur’aan had to be from Allaah. This miracle became even more obvious when none of the seven major tribes could imitate it even in their own dialects, as no one could claim that it was difficult to imitate due to it not being in their own dialect