《古兰经》在先知穆罕默德ﷺ的使命开始直至他去世前不久，分段降示给他。因此，《古兰经》持续降示了二十三年。

The Qur’aan was revealed in sections to Prophet Muhammad (r) from the beginning of his prophethood until shortly before his death. Thus, the Qur’aan came down continuously over a period of twenty-three years.

《古兰经》的各个部分一般是为了解决麦加和麦地那穆斯林社群中存在的问题而降示的。由于麦加和麦地那的问题与需要各不相同，麦加时期和麦地那时期的启示各自具有独特的特点。

The various sections of the Qur’aan were generally revealed to solve the problems which existed among the Muslim communities in both Makkah and Madeenah. Since the prob-lems and needs of Makkah were different from those of Madeenah, the revelations of Makkah and Madeenah have special characteristics of their own.

要想清楚理解《古兰经》本身,就必须清楚理解麦加启示与麦地那启示之间的差别。由于《古兰经》对伊斯兰教至关重要,从圣门弟子时代起,伊斯兰学者便在这一领域投入了大量的时间和精力。

It is very important that the differences between the revelations of Makkah and Madeenah be clearly understood if the Qur’aan itself is to be clearly understood. Because of the great importance of the Qur’aan to Islaam, Islaamic scholars from the time of the sahaabah have devoted much time and effort in this area of study