1.29 Wani Muhimmin Batu - Tarihin Khulafa Rashidun | Quran Course

1.29 Wani Muhimmin Batu - Tarihin Khulafa Rashidun | Quran Course

Khalifah ibn Khayyat, Ahmad ibn Hanbal da Ibn cAsakir sun ruwaito daga Yazid ibn al-Asamm cewa: Annabi, Allah ya yi masa salati ya kuma ba shi aminci, ya ce wa Abu Bakr, "Ni ne babba (ko: mafi girma) ko kai?" Sai ya ce, "Kai ne mafi girma kuma mafi daraja, ni kuwa na fi ka shekaru." Wannan hadisi ne mursal kuma hadisi ne mai ban mamaki sosai. Idan ingantacce ne, wannan amsa tana zama shaida ta yawan hankalinsa da ladabinsa. Sai dai an san sosai cewa al-cAbbas ne ya bayar da wannan amsa, kuma haka ya faru ga Sacid ibn Yarbuc da wannan kalma: Cewa Manzon Allah, Allah ya yi masa salati ya kuma ba shi aminci, ya ce masa, "Wane ne a cikinmu ya fi girma?" Sai ya ce, "Kai ne mafi girma kuma mafi alheri daga ni, ni kuwa na fi ka shekaru." Abu Nucaym ya ruwaito cewa an ce wa Abu Bakr, "Khalifan Manzon Allah, ba za ka ba mutanen Badar mukami ba?" Sai ya ce, "Na san matsayinsu, amma ba na son in gurbata su da duniya." Ahmad ya ruwaito a cikin az-Zuhd daga Ismacil ibn Muhammad cewa Abu Bakr ya raba wasu dukiya daidai tsakanin mutane.

Khalifah ibn Khayyat, Ahmad ibn Hanbal and Ibn cAsakir narrated that Yazid ibn al-Asamm narrated that: The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to Abu Bakr, Am I older (akbar also: greater) or you?’ He said, ‘You are greater and more noble and I have more years than you.’ This is a mursal and very unusual t radition. If it is authentic this answer is counted as evidence of the high degree of his intelligence and courtesy. But it is well known that this reply was made by al-cAbbas, and that similarly it happened for Sacid ibn Yarbuc in this wording: That the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to him, ‘Which of us is older (akbar)?’ He said, ‘You are greater and better than me and I am older.’ Abu Nucaym narrated that it was said to Abu Bakr, ‘Khalifah of the Messenger of Allah, will you not confer authority on the people of Badr?’ He said, ‘I know their rank, but I dislike to sully them with the world.’ Ahmad narrated in az-Zuhd from Ismacil ibn Muhammad that Abu Bakr divided up some property equally among the people.

Umar ya ce masa, "Shin kana daidaita sahabban Badr da sauran mutane?" Abu Bakr ya ce masa, "Duniya dai biyan bukata ce, kuma mafi kyawun biyan bukata shi ne wanda ya fi yalwa. Falalarsu tana cikin ladansu kawai."

TJmar said to him, ‘Do you make the companions of Badr and other people equal?’ Abu Bakr said to him, ‘The world is only a sufficiency and the best sufficiency is the vastest. Their merit is only in their wages.’

Ahmad ya ruwaito a cikin az-Zuhd cewa Abu Bakr ibn Hafs ya ce: "Ya kai ni cewa Abu Bakr yana yin azumi a lokacin bazara, kuma yana sha'awar buɗe azumi a lokacin hunturu."

Ahmad narrated in az-Zuhd that Abu Bakr ibn Hafs said: It has reached me that Abu Bakr used to fast in summertime and break his fast in wintertime.

Ibn Sa'd ya ruwaito cewa Hayyan as-Sa'igh ya ce: Rubutun da ke jikin zoben hatimin Abu Bakr shi ne, "Albarka ta tabbata ga Wanda ya ƙaddara, shi ne Allah." Lura: At-Tabarani ya ruwaito cewa Musa ibn 'Uqbah ya ce, "Ba mu san mutum huɗu da suka sadu da Annabi ﷺ, su da 'ya'yansu, face waɗannan huɗu ba: Abu Quhafah, da ɗansa Abu Bakr as-Siddiq, da ɗansa 'Abdur-Rahman, da Abu 'Ateeq ibn 'Abdur-Rahman wanda sunansa Muhammad."

Ibn Sacd narrated that Hayan as-Sa’igh said: The engraving on the signet ring of Abu Bakr was, ‘Blessed as the One Who Decrees is Allah.’ Note: At-Tabarani narrated that Musa ibn cUqbah said, ‘We don’t know of four who reached the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and their sons as well, except for these four: Abu Quhafah, his son Abu Bakr as-Siddiq, his son cAbd ar-Rahman and Abu cAteeq ibn cAbd ar-Rahman whose name was Muhammad.

Ibn Mandah da Ibn ʿAsakir sun ruwaito cewa ʿAisha, Allah ya yarda da ita, ta ce: "Babu wani daga cikin mahaifan Muhajirai da ya musulunta sai mahaifin Abu Bakr kawai."

Ibn Mandah and Ibn cAsakir narrated that CA’ ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, said: None of the Muhajirun s fathers became Muslims except for Abu Bakr’s.

Lura: Ibn Sa'd da al-Bazzar sun ruwaito da isnadi mai kyau cewa Anas ya ce: Mafi tsufa daga cikin sahabban Manzon Allah ﷺ su ne Abu Bakr as-Siddiq da Suhayl ibn 'Amr ibn Bayda'.

Note: Ibn Sacd and al-Bazzar narrated with a good isnad that Anas said: The oldest of the companions of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, were Abu Bakr as-Siddiq and Suhayl ibn cAmr ibn Bayda’.

Lura: Al-Bayhaqi ya ruwaito a cikin ad-Dala'il cewa Asma' 'yar Abu Bakr ta ce: Lokacin da ya zama shekarar Buɗewa (ta Makkah ga Musulunci)

Note: Al-Bayhaqi narrated in ad-Dala’il that Asma’ bint Abi Bakr said: When it was the year of the Opening (of Makkah to Islam)

’Yar wata ’yar Abu Quhafah ta fita, sai sojojin doki suka tarar da ita. Tana sanye da ’yar sarkar azurfa a wuyanta, sai wani mutum ya cire mata ta a wuya. Lokacin da Annabi ﷺ ya shiga masallaci, Abu Bakr ya tashi ya ce, “Ina roƙonku (Musulmi) da sunan Allah da Musulunci, (ku mayar) mini da sarkar wuyan ’yar’uwata.” Wallahi, babu wanda ya amsa masa. Ya sake faɗa a karo na biyu, amma babu wanda ya amsa. Sai ya ce, “’Yar’uwa, ki yi fatan samun lada (daga Allah) saboda sarkar wuyanki, domin, wallahi, amana a yau a cikin mutane ta yi matuƙar karanci.” Lura: Na ga a rubutun hannun al-Hafiz adh-Dhahabi:’

a daughter of Abu Quhafah went out and the cavalry met her. She was wearing a neck-ring of silver around her neck, and a man tore it off her neck. When the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, entered the mosque, Abu Bakr stood and said, ‘I adjure you (the Muslims) by Allah and Islam, (to return) my sister’s neckring.’ By Allah, no-one answered him. He said it a second time and no-one answered him. Then he said, ‘Sister, hope for a recompense (from Allah) for your neck-ring, for, by Allah, trustworthiness this day among people is very scarce.’ Note: I have seen in the handwriting of al-Hafidh adh-Dhahabi:

Waɗanda suka kasance na musamman a zamaninsu saboda ƙwarewarsu su ne: Abu Bakr as-Siddiq a fannin nasaba, cUmar ibn al-Khattab a fannin ƙarfi wajen umarnin Allah, cUthman ibn cAffan a fannin kamun kai, cAli a fannin hukunci, Ubayy ibn Kacb a fannin karatun Alƙur'ani, Zaid ibn Thabit a fannin dokokin gado, Abu cUbaydah ibn al-Jarrah a fannin amana, Ibn cAbbas a fannin tafsiri (na Alƙur'ani), Abu Dharr a fannin gaskiya, Khalid ibn al-Walid a fannin jaruntaka, al-Hasan al-Basri a fannin tunatarwa, Wahb ibn Munabbih a fannin labarai, Ibn Sirin a fannin tafsirin mafarki, Nafic a fannin karatu, Abu Hanifah a fannin fiqhu, Ibn Ishaq a fannin [tarihin] yaƙe-yaƙe, Muqatil a fannin fassarar alama, al-Kalbi a fannin labaran Alƙur'ani, al-Khalil a fannin ma'auni da bahrorin waƙa, Fudayl ibn Iyad a fannin ibada, Sibawih a fannin nahawu, Malik a fannin ilimi, Yahya ibn Macin a fannin sanin mutane (watau masu ruwaito ilimi da hadisi), Abu Tammam a fannin waƙa, Ahmad ibn Hanbal a fannin Sunna, al-Bukhari a fannin sukar hadisi, al-Junayd a fannin Tasawwuf, Muhammad ibn Nasr al-Marwazi a fannin waɗancan al'amuran fiqhu da ake saɓani a kansu, al-Jubba'i kan al-Ash'ari da Fudail a fannin tauhidi, Muhammad ibn Zakariyya ar-Razi a fannin magani, Abu Ma'shar a fannin taurari, Ibrahim al-Karmani a fannin tafsirin mafarki, Ibn Nubatah a fannin huɗubobi, Abu'l-Faraj al-Asbahani a fannin magana a bainar jama'a, Abu'l-Qasim at-Tabarani a fannin gyare-gyare cikin al'amuran gado, Ibn Hazm a fannin ma'anoni bayyananne (adh-Dhahir), Abu'l-Hasan al-Bakri a fannin ƙarya, al-Hariri a littafinsa al-Maqamat, Ibn Mandah a fannin faɗin tafiyarsa, al-Mutanabbi a fannin waƙa, al-Mawsili a fannin waƙe-waƙe, as-Suli a fannin wasan dara, al-Khatib al-Baghdadi a fannin saurin karatu, cAli ibn Hilal a fannin rubutu mai kyau, cAta' as-Sulaymi a fannin tsoro, Alƙali al-Fadil a fannin rubutu da tsarin magana, al-Asma'i a fannin labarai da abubuwan ban sha'awa, Ash'ab a fannin buri, Mu'abbad a fannin waƙe-waƙe, da Ibn Sina' a fannin falsafa.

Those who were unique in their ages for their skills were: Abu Bakr as-Siddiq in genealogy, cUmar ibn al-Khattab in strength in the command of Allah, cUthman ibn cAffan in modesty, cAli in judgement, Ubayy ibn Kacb in recitation, Zaid ibn Thabit in the laws of inheritance, Abu cUbaydah ibn al-Jarrah in trustworthiness, Ibn cAbbas in commentary (on Qur’an), Abu Dharr in truthfulness, Khalid ibn al-Walid in bravery, al-Hasan al-Basri in reminding, Wahb ibn Munabbih in stories, Ibn Sirin in interpretation (of dreams), Nafic in recitation, Abu Hanifah in fiqh, Ibn Ishaq in |history of] the battles, Muqatil in allegorical interpretation, al- Kalbi in the stories of the Qur’an, al-Khalil in the measures and metres of poetry, Fudayl ibn Tyad in worship, Sibawih in grammar, Malik in knowledge, Yahya ibn Macin in knowledge of men (i.e. the transmitters of knowledge and hadith), Abu Tammam in poetry, Ahmad ibn Hanbal in Sunnah, Al-Bukhari in criticism of the hadith, al-Junayd in at-Tasawwuf, Muhammad ibn Nasr al-Marwazi in those matters of fiqh on which there is disagreement, al-Jabani on al-Ashcari ftizal in theology, Muhammad ibn Zakariyya ar-Razi in medicine, Abu Macshar in astrology, Ibrahim al-Karmani in interpretation (of dreams), Ibn Nabatah in khutbahs, Abu’l-Farj al-Asbahani in public speaking, Abu’l-Qasim at-Tabarani in adjustments in cases of inheritance, Ibn Hazm in the apparent meanings (adh-Dhahir), Abu’l-Hasan al-Bakri in lies, al-Hariri in his al-Maqamat, Ibn Mandah in the breadth of his travelling, al-Mutanabbi in poetry, al-Mawsili in singing, as-Suli in chess, al-Khatib al-Baghdadi in swiftness of reading, cAli ibn Hilal in calligraphy, cAta’ as-Sulaymi in fear, the Qadi al-Fadil in composition, al-Asmaci in anecdotes, Ashcab in ambition, Mucabbad in singing and Ibn Sina’ in philosophy.