2.9 Khalifancinsa - Tarihin Khulafa Rashidun | Quran Course

2.9 Khalifancinsa - Tarihin Khulafa Rashidun | Quran Course

Macdan ibn Abi Talhah: cUmar ya yi khutbah ya ce, ‘Na ga (a mafarki) kamar wani zakara ya yi min kwaso sau ɗaya ko biyu, kuma ba zan iya yin imani ba sai dai cewa hakan yana nufin ajalina ya zo. Akwai mutanen da suke gaya mini in naɗa wanda zai gāje ni, kuma Allah ba zai bar addinin Sa ko khilafarSa ta lalace ba. Idan an hanzarta al’amarin a kaina, to khilafa al’amari ne na shawara tsakanin waɗannan shida da Manzon Allah ﷺ ya yarda da su lokacin da ya rasu.’ Al-Hakim ya rawaito shi. Az-Zuhri ya ce: cUmar ba ya yarda wani bawa da aka kama wanda ya balaga ya shiga Madina har sai da al-Mughirah ibn Shucbah ya rubuta masa — kuma shi ne gwamnan Kufa — yana ambaton masa wani bawa mai sana’o’i da dama, yana neman izinin ya shiga Madina, yana cewa, ‘Yana da sana’o’i da yawa masu amfani ga mutane. Shi maƙera ne, mai zane-zane a ƙarfe da kuma najjari.’ Ya ba shi izinin aika shi Madina. Al-Mughirah ya ɗora masa harajin dirhami ɗari a kowane wata, sai bawan ya zo wurin cUmar don kokawa game da tsananin wannan harajin. Ya ce, ‘Harajin da kake nema ba shi da yawa haka ba,’ sai bawan ya juya cikin fushi da barazana. cUmar ya jira ƴan kwanaki sannan ya kira shi ya ce, ‘Ba a faɗa mini cewa kana cewa, “Idan na so, zan yi injin niƙa da zai niƙa da iskar.”’ Sai ya juya fuskarsa ga cUmar cikin ƙyama ya ce, ‘Zan yi maka injin niƙa wanda mutane za su yi ta magana a kansa.’ Lokacin da ya juya, cUmar ya ce wa sahabbansa, ‘Bawan nan ya yi mini barazana yanzu.’ Bayan ɗan lokaci, Abu Lu’lu’ah ya naɗe tufafinsa a kan wuƙa mai kawuna biyu, wadda hannunta yana tsakiyarta, ya ɓoye a wani kusurwa na masallaci cikin duhun ƙarshen dare, can ya jira har cUmar ya fito yana tada mutane don sallah. Da ya kusanci shi, ya soka masa sau uku. Ibn Sa’d ya rawaito shi.

Macdan ibn Abi Talhah: cUmar gave a khutbah and said, ‘I saw (in a dream) as if a cock pecked at me once or twice, and I can only believe that it means that my term has come. There are people who tell me to appoint a successor, and Allah will not cause His deen to go to waste nor His khilafah. If the matter is hastened for me, then the khilafah is a matter of consultation between these six whom the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was pleased with when he died.’ Al-Hakim narrated it> Az-Zuhri said: cUmar would not permit a captive who had reached the age of puberty to enter Madinah until al-Mughirah ibn Shucbah wrote to him — and he was the governor of Kufa — mentioning to him a slave who had a number of crafts and asking permission that he enter Madinah, saying, ‘He has many trades which are useful to people. He is a blacksmith, engraver and carpenter.’ He gave permission to him to send him to Madinah. Al-Mughirah put a demand for revenue on him (the slave) of one hundred dirhams per month, so the slave came to cUmar to complain of the severity of that imposition. He [cUmar] said, ‘Your demand for revenue is not that much,’ and he [the slave] turned away in anger and threateningly. cUmar waited some days and then called him and said, ‘Have I not been informed that you say, “If I wished, I could make a mill which will grind by means of the wind.’” Then he turned his face to cUmar with a frown and said, ‘I will make for you a mill which people will talk about.’ When he turned away, cUmar said to his companions, ‘The slave threatened me just now.’ After a while Abu Lu’lu’ah wrapped his garments around a dagger with two heads (to the blade) whose handle was in the middle of it, hid in one of the corners of the mosque in the darkness of the last part of the night, and there he waited until cUmar came out waking people up for the prayer. When he drew near to him, he stabbed him three times. Ibn Sacd narrated it.

Abu Rafi' ya ce: Abu Lu'lu'ah, bawan al-Mughirah, yana yin injinan niƙa. Al-Mughirah yana karɓar haraji daga gare shi dirhami huɗu a kowace rana. Ya haɗu da Umar ya ce: "Amir al-Muminin, al-Mughirah yana matsa mini sosai, don haka ka yi magana da shi." Sai ya ce: "Ka yi wa maigidanka biyayya da kyau." Umar ya yi niyyar yin magana da al-Mughirah game da hakan. Sai bawan ya yi fushi ya ce: "Adalcinsa ya shafi dukkan mutane sai ni kaɗai," ya kuma yanke shawarar kashe shi a asirce. Ya ɗauki wuka, ya ɗaga ta, ya sa mata guba. Umar yakan ce: "Ku daidaita safofinku," kafin ya faɗi takbiri. Sai ya zo ya tsaya gaban Umar a cikin safu, ya soka shi a kafaɗarsa da gefensa, sai Umar ya fadi. Sannan ya soki wasu mutum goma sha uku tare da shi, shida daga cikinsu suka mutu. An ɗauki Umar zuwa gidansa. Rana ta kusa fitowa, sai Abdur-Rahman ɗan Auf ya jagoranci mutane a sallah da surori biyu mafi gajarta. Aka kawo wa Umar nabidh (abin sha da aka yi daga dabino da aka jiƙa a ruwa), ya sha, sai ya fito ta cikin rauninsa, amma bai riga ya bambanta da jini ba. Sai suka ba shi madara ya sha, ta fito ta raunin, suka ce: "Babu wata babbar illa a gare ka." Ya ce: "Idan akwai wata illa a kisa, to an kashe ni." Mutane suka fara yabonsa, suna cewa: "Kai ka kasance kaza da kaza." Ya ce: "Na rantse da Allah, ina fatan da na fita daga cikinsa, ba tare da komai a kaina ba, ba kuma wani abu a gare ni ba, kuma zumunci da Manzon Allah ﷺ ya tabbata a gare ni." Ibn Abbas ya yabe shi, sai ya ce: "Ko da ina da zinariyar da za ta cika duniya, da zan fanshi kaina da ita daga firgicin tashin Alkiyama. Na sanya lamarin khilafah ya zama al'amari na shawara tsakanin Uthman, Ali, Talha, az-Zubair, Abdur-Rahman ɗan Auf da Sa'ad." Ya umarci Suhaib ya jagoranci mutane a sallah, ya kuma ba shida din wa'adin kwana uku (domin su yanke shawara). Al-Hakim ne ya ruwaito shi.

Abu Rafic said: Abu Lu’lu’ah, the slave of al-Mughirah, used to make mills. Al-Mughirah used to demand as revenue from him four dirhams a day. He met cUmar and said, "Amir al-Muminin, al-Mughirah is being very heavy on me, so speak to him.’ He said, ‘Behave well towards your master,’ — and cUmar’s intention was to speak to al-Mughirah about it - so he (the slave) became angry and said, ‘His justice encompasses all of the people except for me,’ and he secretly decided to kill him. He took a dagger, sharpened it and poisoned it. cUmar used to say, ‘Straighten your ranks,’ before he pronounced the takbir. He came and stood opposite him in the rank, stabbed him in his shoulder and side, and cUmar fell. Then he stabbed thirteen other men with him, of whom six died. cUmar was carried to his family. The sun was about to rise so cAbd ar-Rahman ibn cAwf led the people in prayer with the two shortest surahs. cUmar was brought some nabidh (a drink made from dates left to soak in water) and he drank it and it came out of his wound, but it wasn’t yet distinct (from the blood). So they gave him some milk to drink, >iikI it came out of his wound and they said, ‘There’s no great harm wii li you.’ He said, ‘If there is any harm in killing, then I have been killed.’ People began to praise him, saying, ‘You were such and such Unci you were such and such.’ He said, ‘By Allah, I wish that I had gone out of it, independent of others, with nothing against me and nothing for me, and that the companionship of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and his family and grant them peace, was secure for me.’ Ibn cAbbas praised him, so he said, ‘Even if I had that gold which would fill the earth, I would ransom myself by it from the terror of the rising. I have made it (the khilafah) a matter of consultation between cUthman, cAli, Talhah, az-Zubayr, Abd ar-Rahman ibn cAwf and Sacd.’ He ordered Suhayb to lead people in prayer, and gave the six a period of three (days in which to decide). Al-Hakim narrated it.

Ka je wurin Uwar Muminai, cA'ishah, ka ce, "cUmar yana neman izinki a binne shi tare da abokan biyu nasa." Ya je wurinta sai ta ce, "Ina so in same wurin" - wato wurin kabari - "domin kaina, amma tabbas yau zan fifita shi a kaina." cAbdullah ya zo ya ce, "Ta ba da izini," sai ya yabi Allah. Wani ya ce masa, "Ka yi wasiyya, Amirul Muminin, ka nada wanda zai gaje ka." Ya ce, "Ban ga wanda ya fi cancanta da wannan al'amari ba fiye da waɗannan shida da Annabi, Allah ya yi masa salati ya kuma ba shi aminci, ya yarda da su lokacin da ya rasu ﷺ," sannan ya ambaci sunayen shidan, ya ce, "cAbdullah ɗan cUmar zai halarta tare da su, amma ba shi da hannu a al'amarin shugabanci. Idan shugabancin ya faɗa kan Sa'd, to shi ne, idan kuma ba haka ba, to duk wanda aka naɗa daga cikinku ya nemi taimakonsa, domin ban cire shi (daga matsayinsa na gwamnan Kufa) ba saboda wata rashin iyawa ko cin amana." Sannan ya ce, "Ina ba halifan da zai biyo bayana shawarar ya ji tsoron Allah yana mai biyayya; ina ba shi shawarar ya kula sosai da Muhajirai da Ansarawa, kuma ina ba shi shawarar ya kyautata wa mutanen lardunan," da sauran shawarwari irin wannan.

Go to the Mother of the Believers, CA’ ishah, and say, “cUmar asks permission to be buried with his two companions.’” He went to her and she said, ‘I wanted it’ - meaning the burial plot - ‘for myself, but I will definitely prefer him over myself, today.’ cAbdullah came and said, ‘She has given permission,’ so he praised Allah. Someone said to him, ‘Make bequest, Amir al-Muminin, and appoint a successor.’ He said, ‘I see no-one with more right to this command than these six with whom the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was pleased when he died,’ and he named the six, and said, ‘cAbdullah ibn cUmar will be present with them but he has no part in the command. If the office should fall to Sacd, then he it is, and if not, then let whoever of you is appointed seek help from him, fori I did not remove him (from his office as amir of Kufa) because of] any incapacity or treachery.’ Then he said, ‘I counsel the khalifah after me to have fearful obedience of Allah; I counsel him to pay particular care to the Muhajirun and the Ansar, and I counsel him' to treat the people of the provinces well,’ and other similar counsels.

Bayan da suka gama binne shi suka dawo, wannan rukuni ya taru, sai cAbd ar-Rahman ibn cAwf ya ce: "Ku mika ikonku ga mutum uku daga cikinku." Az-Zubayr ya ce: "Na mika ikona ga cAli." Sa'd ya ce: "Na mika ikona ga cAbd ar-Rahman." Talha ya ce: "Na mika ikona ga cUthman." Ya ci gaba da cewa: don haka sai ukun nan suka rage. cAbd ar-Rahman ya ce: "Ba na son shi. Wane daga cikin ku biyu zai fita daga wannan al'amari, mu kuma mu damƙa shi ga wanda ya rage?" Sannan ya ce: "Allah shi ne shaida, da Musulunci, bari ya yi tunani a cikin zuciyarsa wane ne mafi alheri a cikinsu, kuma ya kasance mai kishin amfanin al'ummah." Shuyukhai biyu, cAli da cUthman, suka yi shiru. cAbd ar-Rahman ya ce: "Ku ba ni wannan ikon, kuma Allah shi ne shaidata, ba zan yi sakaci ba wajen zaben mafi alheri a cikinku." Suka ce: "Eh." Sai ya keɓe da cAli ya ce: "Kana da wannan fifiko a Musulunci da zumunci da Manzon Allah ﷺ, wanda ka sani. Allah shi ne shaidarka: idan na ba ka iko, shin za ka yi adalci? Idan kuma na ba da iko (ga cUthman) a kanka, shin za ka ji ka kuma yi biyayya?" Ya ce: "Eh." Sannan ya keɓe da ɗayan ya ce masa abu iri ɗaya. Da ya samu yardarsu, sai ya yi wa cUthman mubaya'a, cAli kuma ya yi masa mubaya'a.

When they finished burying him and had returned, that group gathered and cAbd ar-Rahman ibn cAwf said, ‘Delegate your authority to three among you.’ Az-Zubayr said, ‘I delegate my authority to cAli.’ Sacd said, ‘I delegate my authority to cAbd ar- Rahman.’ Talhah said, ‘I delegate my authority to cUthman.’ He continued: so there remained these three. cAbd ar-Rahman said, ‘I don’t want it. Which of you two will be quit of this matter and we will entrust it to him (the remaining one)? And Allah is his witness and Islam, let him consider in himself who is the best of them and let him be eager for the benefit of the ummah.’ The two Shaykhs, °Ali and cUthman were silent. cAbd ar-Rahman said, ‘Delegate me and, Allah is my witness, I will not fail you in choosing the best of you.’ They said, ‘Yes.’ Then he went apart with cAli and said, ‘You have that precedence in Islam and kinship with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, which you know. Allah is your witness; if I give you authority, will you be just, and if I give authority (to cUthman) over you, will you hear and obey?’ He said, ‘Yes.’ Then he went apart with the other and said to him the same thing. When he had their agreement, he pledged allegiance to cUthman and cAli pledged allegiance to him.