2.2 Farali 'Aini (Wajibcin Mutum) da Farali Kifaayi (Wajibcin Isarwa)
2.2 Fard ‘ayni (the Personal Obligation) And Fard Kifaa’i (the Obligation Of Sufficiency)
Lallai, duk wanda ya yi nazari a kan wajibai na Allah zai ga cewa wasu daga cikinsu na kowane mutum ne, wasu kuma na al'umma ne baki ɗaya. Fard 'ayni (wajibi na kai-tsaye) shi ne wajibin da dole ne kowane mukallafi (mutumin da ke da hakkin shari'a) ya aiwatar da shi da kansa. Idan Musulmi ya bar wannan wajibi, to ba zai kubuta daga zunubi ba, koda dukkan Musulmai sun aiwatar da shi. Idan kuwa ya aiwatar da wajibin alhali dukkan Musulmai sun yi sakaci da shi, to zai kubuta daga zunubi da laifi a wurin Allah ﷻ. Wannan yana nufin cewa wajibi ne a kan kowane Musulmi ya nemi wajibai na kai-tsaye ya kuma tsaya a kansu, domin ya kubuta daga laifi, ya kuma sanyaya zuciyarsa a gaban Mahalicci mai ƙaddara wajibai. Haka nan, abin da aka faɗa game da wajibai na kai-tsaye, haka abin yake ga haramce-haramce, muddin suna da alaƙa da mutum da kansa. Wannan yana nufin Musulmi dole ne ya yi salla, ya yi azumin Ramadan, ya je aikin Hajji zuwa Ɗakin Allah idan yana iya, ya biya zakka idan dukiyarsa ta kai nisabi (mafi ƙarancin adadin da zakka ke wajaba a kansa), ya kula da iyayensa, ya ci abu halal kuma mai kyau; ya nisanci cin abu mara kyau da haram, ya nisanci zina, ƙarya, da gulma, da sauran irin waɗannan abubuwa, waɗanda Musulmi dole ne ya nemi sani a kansu. Ta haka zai aiwatar da duk wani aiki idan yana da ma'ruf, kuma zai nisance shi idan munkari ne.
Indeed, the one who examines the divine obligations will find that some of them are individual and some are collective. The fard ‘ayni (individual obligation) is the obligation which must be undertaken by every mukallaf (legally responsible person) by himself. If a Muslim abandons this obligation, then he would not be free of the sin, even if all the Muslims had undertaken it. If he undertook the obligation while all the Muslims neglected it, then he would be free of the sin and blame before Allah . This means that it is incumbent on every Muslim to search for the individual obligations and adhere to them, so as to be absolved from guilt, and to relieve his conscience before the Creator of obligations. Likewise, what has been said about the individual obligations is also the case regarding the prohibitions, as long as they relate to the individual. This means that the Muslim has to perform the salah, fast in Ramadan, make pilgrimage to the Sacred House when he can, pay the zakah when his wealth reaches the nisaab (the minimum amount above which zakah is due), look after his parents, eat the halaal and good; abstain from eating the evil and haraam and abstain from zina (adultery), lying and backbiting, and other such things, which the Muslim must inquire about. Thus he will undertake any action if it is ma’roof and abstain if it is munkar.